Diffusion of an Acid Dye in a Multiple Porous Membrane Assembly

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
H. Morikawa
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Acid Dye ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Diffusional Boundary Layer ◽  
Cellulosic Membrane ◽  
The Relationship

We have investigated the concentration distribution of an acid dye in a multiple porous cellulosic membrane. On the basis of the diffusional boundary layer model, we present the computational method of a concentration-dependent diffusion coefficient of dye in multiple layers. We have assumed that the relationship between the diffusion coefficient Df and the dye concentration C is of the form Df = Dfo exp(α C). The concentration-dependent diffusion coefficient estimated by the numerical method is in close agreement with that predicted by the pore model in a dye concentration range of about 1.0 to 2.2 × 10−2 mol/kg.

Dyeing Rate of Nylon 6 Fabric and Yarn Assemblies with p-Aminoazobenzene

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
H. Morikawa ◽  
H. Araki
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Layer Parameter ◽  
Diffusional Boundary Layer ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Boundary Layer Parameter ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dyeing Rate

The dyeing rates of p-aminoazobenzene on nylon 6 fabrics and yarn assemblies at 40°C have been investigated. The apparent diffusion coefficient and the diffusional boundary layer parameter are estimated in such a way that the experimental data fit the theoretical rate curve based on the diffusional boundary layer model. Because the boundary layer parameter can be separated into two distinct components, the relationship between each component and the dyeing condition and the structure of the textile assembly is examined. The component concerned with the dye-fiber-dyebath combination or composition is subdivided into several groups. The component determined by the fluid-flow pattern and rate is dependent on the magnitude of the inter-yarn spaces.

scholarly journals Influence of Concentration Distribution on Cross Diffusion Level in Building Room

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01043
Author(s):  
Du Zhehua
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Cross Diffusion ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Diffusion Character ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vapor Mass

The relationship of contaminant gas concentration distribution influence on cross diffusion character and level among temperature, humidity and contaminant gas concentration was obtained according to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. The cross diffusion character and level under different contaminant gas concentration distribution were discussed, combining real temperature and humidity in building room. The results show that temperature grads and vapor mass grads are less than zero when contaminant gas mass grads and additional diffusion coefficient are both positive or negative, otherwise the two grads are more than zero. And the higher the initial temperature and humidity levels, the greater the absolute values of temperature grads and vapor mass grads, with the same contaminant gas mass grads and additional diffusion coefficient. While the influence of initial temperature level is finite, and that of initial humidity level is remarkable.

Dyeing Rate of Nylon 6 Yarn with p-Aminoazobenzene

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
H. Morikawa ◽  
T. Miyaguchi ◽  
H. Araki
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Layer Parameter ◽  
Diffusional Boundary Layer ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Boundary Layer Parameter ◽  
Dyeing Rate

The dyeing rate of p-aminoazobenzene on nylon 6 yarn at 40°C has been investigated. The apparent diffusion coefficient and the diffusional boundary layer parameter are estimated in such a way that the experimental data fit with the theoretical rate curve based on the diffusional boundary layer model. The dyeing behavior of the yarn is discussed in relation to the pore size of the spaces between individual filaments.

scholarly journals An investigation of the interrelationships between linear and nonlinear polarizabilities and bond-length alternation in conjugated organic molecules

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (23) ◽  
pp. 11297-11301 ◽  
Author(s):  
C B Gorman ◽  
S R Marder
Keyword(s):  
Bond Length ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Bond Length Alternation ◽  
Conjugated Molecules ◽  
Conjugated Organic Molecules ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observable Parameter

A computational method was devised to explore the relationship of charge separation, geometry, molecular dipole moment (mu), polarizability (alpha), and hyperpolariz-abilities (beta, gamma) in conjugated organic molecules. We show that bond-length alternation (the average difference in length between single and double bonds in the molecule) is a key structurally observable parameter that can be correlated with hyperpolarizabilities and is thus relevant to the optimization of molecules and materials. By using this method, the relationship of bond-length alternation, mu, alpha, beta, and gamma for linear conjugated molecules is illustrated, and those molecules with maximized alpha, beta, and gamma are described.

Te Induced AlAs/GaAs Superlattice Mixing

1988 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mel ◽  
S. A. Schwarz ◽  
T. Venkatesan ◽  
C. L. Schwartz ◽  
E. Colas
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Secondary Ion

ABSTRACTTe enhanced mixing of AlAs/GaAs superlattice has been observed by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The superlattice sample was grown by organometallic chemical vapor deposition and doped with Te at concentrations of 2×1017 to 5×1018 cm−.3 In the temperature range from 700 to 1000 C, a single activation energy for the Al diffusion of 2.9 eV was observed. Furthermore, it has been found that the relationship between the Al diffusion coefficient and Te concentration is linear. Comparisons have been made between Si and Te induced superlattice mixing.

scholarly journals A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF DIFFUSION CONSTANTS AND THE CALCULATION OF THE RADIUS AND WEIGHT OF THE HEMOGLOBIN MOLECULE

1929 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Northrop ◽  
M. L. Anson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Diffusion Constants ◽  
Einstein's Equation ◽  
Hemoglobin Molecule

A method is described for determining the diffusion coefficient of solutes by determining the rate of passage of the solute through a thin porous membrane between two solutions of different concentration. The method has been used to determine the diffusion coefficient of carbon monoxide hemoglobin. This was found to be 0.0420 ± 0.0005 cm.2 per day at 5°C. The molecular weight of carbon monoxide hemoglobin calculated by means of Einstein's equation from this quantity is 68,600 ± 1,000.

scholarly journals On the Geometric Mean Method for Incomplete Pairwise Comparisons

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Konrad Kułakowski
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

One of the most popular methods of calculating priorities based on the pairwise comparisons matrices (PCM) is the geometric mean method (GMM). It is equivalent to the logarithmic least squares method (LLSM), so some use both names interchangeably, treating it as the same approach. The main difference, however, is in the way the calculations are done. It turns out, however, that a similar relationship holds for incomplete matrices. Based on Harker’s method for the incomplete PCM, and using the same substitution for the missing entries, it is possible to construct the geometric mean solution for the incomplete PCM, which is fully compatible with the existing LLSM for the incomplete PCM. Again, both approaches lead to the same results, but the difference is how the final solution is computed. The aim of this work is to present in a concise form, the computational method behind the geometric mean method (GMM) for an incomplete PCM. The computational method is presented to emphasize the relationship between the original GMM and the proposed solution. Hence, everyone who knows the GMM for a complete PCM should easily understand its proposed extension. Theoretical considerations are accompanied by a numerical example, allowing the reader to follow the calculations step by step.

QSAR analysis of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine analogues of antibacterials

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1361-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh L. Sawant ◽  
Manish S. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

QSAR analysis of two sets of analogues of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine was performed to investigate the relationship between their physicochemical parameters and antibacterial activity. Predictive and statistically significant models were generated. On the basis of these models new compounds were synthesized, structurally characterized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential. The potential of newly synthesized compounds was higher than the training set of compounds, in close agreement with QSAR prediction.

Exploring the Relationship Between Lexical Behavior and Concept Formation in Design Conversations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Dong ◽  
Kevin Davies ◽  
David McInnes
Keyword(s):  
Computational Method ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Syntactic Pattern ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
Computational Systems ◽  
Lexical Chain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Grammatical Structures

Designers bring individual knowledge and perspectives to the team. The hypothesis tested in this research is that semantic and grammatical structures (the language through which concepts are expressed) enable designers to bridge relations among ideas stored in each designer’s mind and from this to generate design concepts. This paper describes a linguistic and a computational method to examine the grammatical and semantic structure of design conversations and the linguistic processes by which individuals bridge their knowledge to the group’s ongoing knowledge accumulation. To test the hypothesis, we conducted a linguistic (systemic functional linguistics) and computational linguistic (lexical chain analysis) analysis of a design team conversation The computational analysis revealed hypernym relations as the primary lexico-syntactic pattern by which designers offer, interrelate and develop concepts. The linguistic analysis highlighted the grammatical linguistic features that actively contribute to the generation of design content by teams. These analyses point to the prospect of a functional correspondence between language use and a team’s ability to construct knowledge for design. This interrelation has implications both for computational systems that assess design teams and design teamwork education.

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