scholarly journals Making and unmaking masculinities in Cairo through sonic infrastructural violence

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110209
Author(s):  
Maria Frederika Malmström
Keyword(s):  
Political Representation ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Current Regime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Unrest ◽  
Gendered Bodies ◽  
And Control

This article explores the Egyptian state’s production of desired manhood and destruction of unwanted masculinities in relation to home and displacement through audio-focused analysis and a focus on sonic infrastructures. While sonic infrastructures can be used as a form of political control and violence, my work in Egypt also shows how people, through sound and sonic resistance, navigate and shape sonic landscapes of insecurity, violence and liminality, as well as resisting displacement and claiming space. In Cairo, where political unrest over the past decade has produced new imaginaries and maps of belonging, men opposing the politics of the current regime have been expelled by the state from their own city; deprived of rights, safety, status and dignity. The institutions of state power employ sound as a political representation, and control, monitor, limit as well as threaten the population through the sonic. All of these sound systems operate at auditory, corporeal and sociocultural frequencies. There are countless examples of how materialised sonic experiences are consciously constructed and used by the autocratic military regime in Egypt to discipline and ‘produce’ its subjects, through for example forbidding particular music; monitoring its residents and thereby employing control by listening; using unbearable loud sounds during torture; or closing downtown bars, cafes and bookshops and thereby sonically controlling and limiting parts of the cityscape of Cairo. These sonic materialised experiences are connected to how gendered bodies are excluded, un/remade, produced, expressed and negotiated.

5. Medieval interactions (700–1500)

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Charles L. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Military Action

“Medieval interactions (700–1500)” considers the relationships among Jews, Christians, and Muslims between 700 and 1500 ce. Islam’s close association with the state influenced the development of its theology and law, the leading discipline for ordering Islamic societies and for framing Muslims’ interactions with Christians and Jews. The association of both Christianity and Islam with state power encouraged ideologies that could justify military action against the other, most notably the Crusades. Religious minorities—Jews and Christians in Muslim lands; Jews and Muslims in Christian territory—often lived restricted lives, yet Christian and especially Muslim practice sometimes allowed for toleration as well as extensive cultural and intellectual exchange, albeit without ceding political control.

The Origins of the Market Economy: State Power, Territorial Control, and Modes of War Fighting

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Schoenberger
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Per Se ◽  
And Control

The origin and spread of money-based commodity markets is normally attributed to a natural evolution from barter and is usually seen as a solution to problems of exchange. I want to propose that markets to a considerable degree develop historically out of a different set of dynamics. These are concerned with the state-building tasks of territorial conquest and control, and are closely related to specific modes of war fighting. In this connection, markets develop not only to facilitate exchange per se but also to facilitate the mobilization of resources and their management across space and time. This need to manage resources geographically and temporally contributes not only to the spread of commodity markets but also to the development of markets in land and in labor.

scholarly journals The state and biopolitics: towards the origins of interrelation

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Aleksei Vladimirovich Iarkeev
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Political Anthropology ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Labor Camps ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

The subject of this research is the state as a biopolitical project founded on the principle of government intervention in life of the population. Leaning on the ideas and theoretical intentions of the “archeology of power”, economic and political anthropology, the author examines the genesis of the state from biopolitical perspective, proceeding from the hypothesis of the initial animalization of human presence pursuant to state power, which at breaking point, turns into biopolitical death machine, or thanatopolitics. In view of this, the author reveals the role of ancient state formations as the agents of forced “domestication” of the members of agricultural and cattle-raising societies based on the concentration of human resources and coercive labor as state-forming “technologies”, which allow producing surpluses appropriated by the power elites. The idea of pastoralist power, which emerged along with the first states, identifies subjects to a herd under wardship, treating them as a form of wealth similar to livestock. The main conclusion lies in explication of the biopolitical matrix of state administration, which identifies the subjects of the state with livestock, and the state territory with enclosed pasture. This leads to the parallels between cattle-raising and control over population, which paradigmatically determines the political modus operandi of state power that is implicit in the trajectory of its evolution up to the present day. At the threshold of “evolution” of such administrative paradigm emerge the modern radical topoi of the antihuman – the concentration camps (labor camps and death camps) organized by the model of cattle pens and slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE RESULTS OF PARLIAMENTARY CONTROL

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (49) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Oleh Kyryliuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
And Control

The main objective of the study, the results of which is presented in the article, is an analysis of the content and essence of parliamentary control, which is a prerequisite for improving mechanisms for its implementation. The author has shown that the concept of parliamentarism means the presence of a division of state power to the legislative, executive and judicial, and therefore means independence and simultaneous interconnection of all branches of power. Such interconnectivity makes it possible to restrain branch branches due to mutual influence, pressure and control. The article determines that the state policy develops in a way that makes it possible to synchronously and in this case it is symmetrically involved in various branches of power to its formation, implementation and adjustment, depending on manifestations of legal reality, socio-economic reality and public-political processes in the state. The author revealed that, in democratic countries, the Parliament acts as a state policy that is responsible for state policy: taking on the legislative level of basic principles, the principles and mechanisms for implementing the state policy that rely on all the basis of all without exception social relations with the basis of public relations with the legislative level. its realization. Parliamentary control covers spheres much wider than a purely process of realization by the state executive authorities of their own powers. It is about the possibility of introducing separate forms of parliamentary control as an element of political legal personality, when the appointment of parliament officials that is part of its competence entails direct responsibility of such persons in the form of possible release due to the unsatisfactory results of the implementation of its powers or violations of legislation in the process of their the realization. In general, it can be noted that the unique combination of legislative and control functions in a representative body of state power increases the effectiveness of state regulation as a whole, since the adoption of the law means only the implementation of the establishment function by the state, and already its direct realization and enforcement of state power bodies - will provide the dynamics of the process of regulating public relationship. Instead, such an enforcement requires control not so much by the completion of the state authorities of its powers, but for the correctness of understanding the essence of the norms that are determined by the mechanisms of state regulation in the field of environmental activity.Key words: parliamentary control, execution of parliamentary control, lawmaking, state policy, central executive authorities.

scholarly journals BORDERS ARE GALAXIES: INTERPRETING CONTESTATIONS OVER LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES IN SOUTH SUDAN

Africa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Cormack
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
State Power ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Local People ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Pastoralist Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Moral Claims

ABSTRACTThis article explores conflicts over local administrative boundaries in South Sudan and what these reveal about relationships between pastoralist communities and the state. Drawing on research in the Gogrial region of South Sudan, it argues that conflicts over local boundaries are rooted in the existence of different border paradigms and in subsequent attempts to resolve, sometimes violently, competing moral claims on the landscape. It draws a contrast between a Dinka concept of the border as a point that is owned and the state's concept of the border as a neutral dividing line. These concepts are based on different cultural logics, but there has been a century of interpenetration as well as conflict between them. The state has tried to lay its lines over Dinka points and local people have sought to tap the power of the state by claiming authority at administrative boundaries. These complex processes of interpenetration show how rural populations negotiate with violent state power: both in the past and in the process of forming the new state of South Sudan. They also reveal how some pastoralist populations have played an active role in shaping the geography of the state.

scholarly journals CONFLICT AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE STATE AND RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS IN CONTEMPORARY EGYPT

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamir Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Population Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Conflict And Cooperation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Anwar Sadat ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
And Control

Al-Azhar, traditionally Egypt's most respected and influential center for Islamic study, adopted an increasingly bold platform opposing Egyptian government policy throughout the mid-1990s. Al-Azhar defied government policy on a variety of sensitive issues, including population control, the practice of clitoridectomy, and censorship rights. Moreover, al-Azhar directly challenged the government in high-profile forums such as the United Nations International Conference on Population and Development, held in Cairo in September of 1994. This open opposition was remarkable in light of the tremendous capacity that the Egyptian government has shown in the past to manipulate and control al-Azhar. Over the past century, and particularly since the 1952 Free Officers' coup, the Egyptian government virtually incorporated al-Azhar as an arm of the state through purges and control over Azhar finances, and by gaining the power to appoint al-Azhar's key leadership. Presidents Gamal Abdel Nasser, Anwar Sadat, and Husni Mubarak all benefited from this dominance over al-Azhar by securing fatwas legitimating their policies. Given this overwhelming leverage, what can explain al-Azhar's increased opposition to the government throughout the mid-1990s?

Democracy and the State

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Warren
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

This article examines the logic that connects democracy to the state and argues that the functions of the state in enabling democracy are as important now and in the future as they have been in the past. It identifies the animating ideas and values of democracy and describes the ways in which these ideas are entwined with state power and the ways in which state institutions can become generative in ways that exceed the inherent limitations of the state's media of organization.

scholarly journals Lingocultural concept “Kyiv” in Mykola Zerovʼs poetic language

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Alyona Palash
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City

The article deals with the linguocultural analysis of the Kyiv concept in M. Zerovʼs linguistic thinking; formation of signs of poetic concept is traced; the reproduction of the description of Kyiv, the princes who ruled in the times of Kyivska Rusʼ, the individualization of the language style of M. Zerov in expressive and imaginative means; the contribution of neoclassics to the development and enrichment of the Ukrainian language is analyzed. The focus is on the contextual-semantic structure of Kyiv tokens in the language of the writer; the lexical-semantic variants (LSW) are considered: 1) the city; 2) the state; 3) state power; 4) residents of the city; given examples and analyzed LSV tokens Kyiv. The peripheral zones of the semantic-conceptual field in which there are microfields (cognitive codes) are investigated; special features of the conceptual sphere of M. Zerov; the chronotype of Kyiv, which is defined by real time intervals, is characterized; the juxtaposition of Kyiv in the two temporal planes of the past and the present is due to the fact that the present is conceived by Zerov not as a total renewal of the old, which was widespread in Soviet poetry, but as destruction, and the past – as the need to preserve the spiritual and moral potential of man and through him – as a prospect into the future.

scholarly journals Information Technology and Control in the DPRK

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Duffley
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Information Risk ◽  
Current Regime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communications Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

In the Hermit Kingdom, information is a crucial resource. Its possession represents access to resource and weapons development techniques, but more importantly, information is what separates North Korean society from the rest of the world. Since the state’s inception, meager rations of information combined with hearty doses of propaganda have kept the populace starved with respect to knowledge of the rest of the world’s progress, which has quickly surpassed their own in the past two decades. Why, then, has the current regime dared implement 21st century communications systems such as internet technology if such a move would increase the possibility of an information risk?

State Regulation, Church Growth, and Textual Profusion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloë Starr
Keyword(s):  
Church Growth ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Church ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Great Growth ◽  
Theology Proper

The great growth in the Chinese church and what this might mean for a future China has been the source of much recent media debate as the world has begun to catch up with the development of Chinese Christianities over the past three decades. Chapter 8 assesses how state regulation has attempted to channel and control that growth and analyzes the three broad categories of writing that have emerged out of that attempt, in the form of official church, unofficial church, and academic writings. While “theology” proper designates the output of the state seminaries in an official Chinese construct of categories, the chapter also addresses the burgeoning theological writings in academia and outside the state church.

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