scholarly journals The Referendum that Wasn't: Constitutional Recognition of Local Government and the Australian Federal Reform Dilemma

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Brown ◽  
Paul Kildea
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
Commonwealth Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Deliberative Processes

In 2010, the Commonwealth government proposed Australia's third attempt to give federal constitutional recognition to local government. In 2013, the government secured the passage through Parliament of a Constitution Alteration but, due to political events, and amid much controversy, the proposed amendment was not put to the people. This paper examines the merits and prospects for success of the proposed reform, with an eye to lessons for the future of local government's place in the federal system. It argues that the legal and constitutional cases for the alteration were strong, but limited, and poorly contextualised, theorised and articulated. We use public opinion evidence to conclude that had it proceeded, the referendum result would probably have been a third failure. These lessons are important for ongoing debate over sub-constitutional and constitutional reform to Australian intergovernmental relations, including questions of federal financial redistribution at the core of the proposal. Overall, the events of 2013 reinforce arguments that reforms to the position of local government, while important, should only be pursued as part of a holistic package of federal reform and renovation; and that more robust deliberative processes and principles must be adhered to before again attempting any constitutional reform.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

Local Multiparty Democracy in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-116
Author(s):  
Nico Steytler
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
The Government ◽  
Winner Takes All

This chapter argues that democratic local government embeds the culture of democracy at grassroots: as the government closest to the people, it establishes a culture of responsiveness, transparency, and accountability more readily and effectively than by holding national leaders to account. Local democracy can also be used strategically when a country seeks to move from an authoritarian or military regime to democracy. Furthermore, it provides space for political inclusivity—an argument with particular relevance in ethnically diverse societies, where a winner-takes-all paradigm of competition at the national level typically results in the marginalization of geographically concentrated losers. Finally, local government allows for experimentation in different forms of inclusive politics, be they representative or participatory. However, although most African countries have adopted decentralization policies, the dividends are meagre. Local government is but feebly equipped to play a democracy-constituting role: operating in a constrained constitutional environment, central governments have generally not allowed local governments the opportunity to hold regular free and fair elections and thereby play a role in democratization. Despite these findings, there is also some evidence that on occasion local democracy has indeed played such a role and thus enhanced democratic participation.

scholarly journals Mechanisms to improve citizen participation in government and its administration

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
The People ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Government

Citizen participation on any level of government is timeless. The dynamics and the relationships of citizen participation on all levels are unique, due to the fact that many problems and solutions have their roots in the activities of local government and its administration. Furthermore the extension of democracy to all spheres of society and to all tiers of the administrative hierarchy, have been a central theme of the democratisation process in South Africa. The notion of "bringing the government to the people" is important, not only in strengthening civil society, but also in mobilising the population to implement the programmes of reconstruction and development necessary to transform the civil society.

The Separation of Powers in Local Government in Nigeria

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. A. Ebeku
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Democratic Nation

In a democratic nation, local government is the government of the people, by the people and for the people at the grassroots levels. That is, the government nearest or closest to the people. It is at the level of local government that community action in respect of community development programmes is most effective; it is also the level where democratic processes and decision-making by consensus are traditionally entrenched; where rivalries and tensions are reduced to a minimum; where local resources and patriotism are easily called to the service of the community; and, very importantly, where the people are normally confident of effective control of their own government.

scholarly journals PERAN PEMIMPIN DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KANTOR CAMAT XIII KOTA KAMPAR KABUPATEN KAMPAR

Jurnal Niara ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Hernimawati Hernimawati ◽  
Sudaryanto Sudaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
District Administration ◽  
District Leader ◽  
Government Development

District XIII Kampar City is one of the districts in Kampar regency. The number of sub-districts in Kabupaten Kampar reaches 21 districts. District XIII Koto Kampar consists of 13 villages that have various potentials that can be developed and economic value. Like Muara Takus temple located in Muara Takus village, Salai Patin processing in Desa Mosque and Pulo Simo Waterfall in Tanjung Alai Village.All these potentials are very proud for the Government and the people of District XIII Kampar City. It's just that this has not been managed with the maximum. This is evidenced by inadequate road access to reach the site.Therefore, the role of leaders needed to overcome them. According Sinambela (2014), the role of leaders in public services is to provide motivation, create a pleasant atmosphere, coordinate and implement the policy.               From the results of the research, the District Leader XIII Koto Kampar has performed its role well. Where Sub District as a Local Government Apparatus District is the spearhead of the implementation of government. Whereas the sub-district with the number of apparatus that has not been complete and supported with the existing agency. The Camat office is a government, development and community administrator supported by the agency office, the sub-district administration is led by a subdistrict head who is in charge of the government with the help of the staff of the Kecamatan Office and the existing department in the sub-district and the village administration.

7. Central government

Public Law ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stanton ◽  
Craig Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

This chapter examines the structure and role of central government, with the latter part focusing on the key constitutional requirement that the government is accountable to the people through Parliament, reflecting the democratic nature of the constitution. The phrase ‘central government’ refers to the Prime Minister, Cabinet, ministers, government departments, and civil servants. Informally, these parts of central government are often referred to as ‘Whitehall’, reflecting how most government departments and the Prime Minister are based around that area of central London close to Westminster. A more constitutionally appropriate phrase is the ‘executive’. However, this term can also be taken to mean other elements which include the governments of Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales, as well as local government and organisations such as the police.

scholarly journals The Legal Framework Limitations for the Effective Intergovernmental Relations in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Rukia Mohamed Pazi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Favorable Environment ◽  
The Government

Legal framework is very critical for the effective intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. It is through the legal framework where the spheres of the government derive their legitimacy and the manner of interaction. The study finds essential to have a glimpse on legal framework that provides for the existence of Intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. The intention is to have an assessment to see whether the legal framework in place provide a favorable environment for the central government and the local government authorities to work effectively. The study found out that the legal frame is ineffective to enhance central and local relations as it impinges the functionality of local government authorities. The study recommends that policy makers should consider enacting legal framework that clearly spell out the duties and demarcates the rights and responsibility of each party.

scholarly journals Citizen’s Trust on Local Government: A Study on Sylhet Sadar Upazila and Kanaighat Upazila

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aklima Akter ◽  
Farhana Ahmed ◽  
Tanzim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function

Bangladesh is one of the most governance deficit countries of the world. In this reality, Upazila system, as an intermediate tier local government unit, is reestablished under the Upazila Parishad Act 2009. This Act is the basis of the formation and function of the Upazila Parishad. In this study, survey method has been applied to primary data collection from two upazila (Sylhet Sadar Upazila and Kanaighat Upazila) in Sylhet district. The study finds that the existing upazila parishad activities do not meet the demand of the people. Citizen’s trust on the Upazila Parishad is very low. The study also finds some other challenges, including unskilled manpower, proper planning and a lack of financial resouces. Moreover, the officials are not professional and their behaviors are not good while performing their duties. Most of the service receiver did not get best service from upazila officials. However this study suggests some recommendation for improving the service of upazila parishad. Officials should be highly trained and professional on their service delivery. By ensuring the best services, they can achieve the trust of general people.And the Government should take additional steps with regards to improving the upazila parishad service.

scholarly journals Strengthen The Indonesian Economic Society Through Sport Tourism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardyansyah Arief Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Good Chance ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Sports Culture ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Additional Income

To face the challenges of the global economy especially in the field of sports, Indonesia has a good chance. Every region of Indonesia has a great beauty, but the people of Indonesia have not been able to utilize, manage and preserve properly. Sport Tourism is one of the strategies that is quite effective in improving the tourism industry in Indonesia. Therefore, the need for cooperation between the society, local government and the Ministry of Tourism to be able to develop and provide excellent tourist destinations. One of the policy breakthroughs that can be done is to combine tourism and sports culture. In addition to additional income, it is expected that the people and the government of Indonesia are able to manage well, preserve the natural surroundings, able to cultivate the community and promote sports.

scholarly journals Water and Sanitation Situation in Selected Villages in Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-522
Author(s):  
O.O. Rotowa ◽  
O. Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
The People ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
People First ◽  
The Government

Water is essential for life, while sanitation is for dignity. Worldwide, Nigeria is second to India in term of open defecation, with an estimated population of 109 million open defecators. The rural areas currently lagged behind the urban areas in term of water and sanitation. A survey of two villages in the Ifedore Local Government of Ondo State, Nigeria was conducted, using 88 respondents selected through purposive sampling technique from Ikota and Aaye village cluster. Findings from the study revealed that sources of water are boreholes, wells and streams. On the other hand, most of the indigenes still practice open defecation, though some of them use water closet, pour flush toilet and variances of pit latrine as toilet. Most of them still expect the government to install and maintain facilities provided. It is suggested that demand driven and the bottom-top approach where the people first believe that water and sanitation prevent diseases and provide longevity be explored. It is believed that reinventing the services of sanitary officers (Wole Wole), will help in disseminating and enforcing proper hygienic practices.

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