Orienting to Otherness: Intellectual Humility, Moral Foundations, and Mature Alterity Outcomes

Scholars and practitioners have increasingly called for the development of social justice commitment, intercultural competence, and appreciation of diversity among ministers and helping professionals. In religious contexts, individual factors may contribute to differences in the degree to which spiritual leaders emphasize intercultural and social justice initiatives. Personality factors, such as virtues and specific moral commitments, predict the degree to which people report positive attitudes and demonstrate mature alterity. In this study, we explored the degree to which intellectual humility predicted mature alterity outcomes after controlling for the effects of five moral foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, purity) in a sample of Christian seminary students in the United States. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed for ministry and the helping professions.

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White Supremacy and Counseling Psychology: A Critical–Conceptual Framework

The Counseling Psychologist ◽

10.1177/0011000019880843 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 478-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrick R. Grzanka ◽

Kirsten A. Gonzalez ◽

Lisa B. Spanierman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Social Justice ◽

Counseling Psychology ◽

White Supremacy ◽

Theoretical Perspective ◽

The United States ◽

Helping Professions ◽

White Clients ◽

Racial Progress ◽

Counseling Psychologists

The mainstreaming of White nationalism in the United States and worldwide suggests an urgent need for counseling psychologists to take stock of what tools they have (and do not have) to combat White supremacy. We review the rise of social justice issues in the field of counseling psychology and allied helping professions and point to the limits of existing paradigms to address the challenge of White supremacy. We introduce transnationalism as an important theoretical perspective with which to conceptualize global racisms, and identify White racial affect, intersectionality, and allyship as three key domains of antiracist action research. Finally, we suggest three steps for sharpening counseling psychologists’ approaches to social justice: rejecting racial progress narratives, engaging in social justice-oriented practice with White clients, and centering White supremacy as a key problem for the field of counseling psychology and allied helping professions.

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Men’s Vasectomy Knowledge, Attitudes, and Information-Seeking Behaviors in the Southern United States: Results From an Exploratory Survey

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988320949368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 155798832094936

Author(s):

Ashley L. White ◽

Rachel E. Davis ◽

Deborah L. Billings ◽

Emily S. Mann

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Information Seeking ◽

The United States ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Southern United States ◽

Future Research ◽

Southern States ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Exploratory Survey ◽

Information Seeking Behaviors

Vasectomy is one of the few options men have to manage their reproductive capacity and take on a more equitable role in pregnancy prevention. While the method is underused throughout the United States, the southern states have a lower prevalence rate compared to the rest of the country. Existing survey research does not assess what men know or think about the procedure as a means of understanding why this is the case. We created and conducted an exploratory survey to assess men’s knowledge, attitudes, and information-seeking behaviors about vasectomy in the Southern United States. We used targeted Facebook advertising to recruit men ages 25–70 years living in 7 southern states to complete an online survey ( n = 397). Using regression analyses, we identify that participants who had a vasectomy knew more about the procedure than participants who had not. Participants who had not had a vasectomy had less positive attitudes about the procedure across all six attitude subscales compared to participants with vasectomies. We highlight potential avenues for future research to understand why this may be the case. Finally, the majority of participants knew someone who had had a vasectomy. This suggests that men disclose having a vasectomy to others. The interpersonal dynamics around vasectomy decision-making and disclosure remain unknown and a viable area for future research. Findings from this exploratory survey may be used by public health officials interested in implementing campaigns to increase knowledge about vasectomy and reduce stigma, which may encourage more positive attitudes about the procedure.

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Prejudicial and Welcoming Attitudes toward Syrian Refugees: The Roles of Cultural Humility and Moral Foundations

Journal of Psychology and Theology ◽

10.1177/0091647119837013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 123-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura E. Captari ◽

Laura Shannonhouse ◽

Joshua N. Hook ◽

Jamie D. Aten ◽

Edward B. Davis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Religious Commitment ◽

The United States ◽

Political Orientation ◽

Cultural Humility ◽

Moral Foundations ◽

Syrian Refugees ◽

Psychological Burden ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Church And Community ◽

Prejudice And Discrimination

Debates about immigration policy have sparked increasingly negative attitudes toward refugees, particularly those of Muslim identification. Research to date has found that post-immigration prejudice and discrimination, often reinforced at a systemic level, pose an additional psychological burden to refugees. The present study explored associations between cultural humility, moral foundations, political orientation, religious commitment, and xenophobia toward Syrian refugees. Data were collected from adults ( N = 996) in the United States during the 2016 presidential election cycle. Cultural humility was positively correlated with openness to immigration and moral foundations of care and fairness, and inversely related to prejudicial attitudes, perceived real and symbolic threat, and moral foundations of loyalty, authority, and purity. Over and above political identification and religiosity, cultural humility was found to be uniquely associated with more positive attitudes toward Syrian refugees. Additionally, the relationship between the moral foundations of care and fairness and positive attitudes toward refugees was mediated by cultural humility. Findings are discussed in light of the biblical mandate within Christianity to welcome foreigners and advocate for the vulnerable, while balancing compassion with wisdom. In addition to approaching psychological care with refugees through the lens of cultural humility, psychologists have a unique opportunity to advocate for this population through systems-level intervention. We discuss ways to cultivate the moral foundations of care and fairness at church and community levels, which may facilitate greater cultural humility.

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The Relationship between Empathy and Personality in Undergraduate Students’ Attitudes toward Nonhuman Animals

Society and Animals ◽

10.1163/156853012x614341 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 21-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Ann C. Eckardt Erlanger ◽

Sergei V. Tsytsarev

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Animal Rights ◽

Future Research ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Negative Beliefs ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Attitudes Toward Animals ◽

Nonhuman Animals ◽

Students Attitudes

Abstract The majority of research investigating beliefs toward nonhuman animals has focused on vivisection or utilized populations with clear views on animal issues (e.g., animal rights activists). Minimal research has been conducted on what personality factors influence a nonclinical or nonadjudicated population’s beliefs about the treatment of animals. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of empathy and personality traits in attitudes about the treatment of animals in 241 undergraduate students. Results indicated that those with high levels of empathy held more positive attitudes toward animals and more negative beliefs about animal cruelty than those with low levels of empathy. Some differences in participants’ specific attitudes toward animals were found. Limitations and implications for future research are reviewed.

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“My Story Is My Activism!”: (Re-)Definitions of Social Justice Activism Among Collegiate Athlete Activists

Communication & Sport ◽

10.1177/2167479519897288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4-5) ◽

pp. 566-590

Author(s):

Yannick Kluch

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Social Power ◽

Strategic Change ◽

The United States ◽

Division I ◽

Future Research ◽

Collegiate Athlete ◽

The Social ◽

Public Consciousness

Despite the recent re-emergence of the athlete activist into public consciousness, activism among athletes continues to be viewed as nonnormative behavior. Drawing from interviews with 31 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athlete activists from across the United States, this study examined contemporary definitions of collegiate athlete activism for advancing social justice efforts. Five different conceptualizations of social justice activism emerged during the interviews: activism as social justice action, mentorship, authenticity, intervention, and public acts of resistance. Findings document changing notions of athlete activism and reveal nuanced forms of situational activism that do not rely on public expressions of resistance but rather are woven carefully into the fabric that makes up the athletes’ everyday lives. For these athletes, the image of an activist is not so much that of one walking in the streets but rather that of one using the social power they have as an athlete to promote strategic change in everyday situations. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for praxis are discussed.

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Examining the effects of an intergroup dialogue-based diversity and social justice course on students' multicultural competencies

10.32469/10355/76146 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Reuben-Thomas Faloughi

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Social Justice ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Critical Consciousness ◽

The United States ◽

Course Evaluation ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Future Research ◽

Intergroup Dialogue ◽

Positive Effects

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Given the rapidly changing racial/ethnic demographics of the United States (U.S.), U.S. public institutions, including institutions of higher education, will have to address historical and contemporary monocultural practices that have created hostile campus climates and learning environments for students from diverse backgrounds. Intergroup Dialogue (IGD) has shown promise with addressing intergroup conflict and relationships with students in various settings; however, few studies have conducted quantitative evaluation of IGD practices in a standardized, multi-topic, dialogue-based, diversity and social justice course for undergraduate students. Thus, the current study evaluated the effectiveness of ESCP 2000: Experiencing Cultural Diversity in the United States, an IGD-based Diversity and Social Justice Course offered to undergraduate students at a large, Midwestern University. Students enrolled in ESCP 2000 sections offered during Fall 2016 and Spring 2017 semesters completed pre- and post- course evaluation surveys measures of: Critical Consciousness, Appreciation for Diversity, Grit, Preference for Inequality, and week-to-week ratings of Openness, Connectedness, and Participation in the course. Results suggest the course intervention had positive effects on students' Critical Consciousness and Appreciation of Diversity. Additionally, growth profiles indicate increased week-to-week engagement (participation, openness, and connectedness) for the majority of students in the intervention. Findings will be discussed in relationship to IGD theory and practice and implications for future research and implementation of IGD-based coursework.

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Personality Traits and Hedonic, Sociability, and Compulsive Use of Facebook: A Study of College Students [Abstract]

10.28945/4049 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Technology Use ◽

New Technologies ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

The United States ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Future Research ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Facebook Use ◽

Compulsive Use

Aim/Purpose: This study intends to find out how the ‘Big Five’ personality factors (openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism) impact on college students’ Facebook use (hedonic, sociability, and compulsive use) and whether GPA has a moderating effect on such use. Background: For college students, their favorite way of Facebook use may turn out to be predetermined by who they are in terms of personality. Methodology: Data was collected from college students in a large southeastern university in the United States. The final sample consisted of 429 responses. PLS-SEM was selected to analyze the sample. Contribution: It will contribute and add new knowledge about the factors towards the outcomes of information technology use. Findings: The analyzed results indicate that two traits, agreeableness and extraversion, have significant relationships with all three types use of the Facebook. Agreeableness and conscientiousness have negative relationships with compulsive use of the Facebook; neuroticism has a negative relationship with their sociability experience in Facebook. In addition, student GPA has a moderating effect on the relationships between agreeableness and sociability experience, as well as conscientiousness and compulsive use of the Facebook. The study suggests that Facebook users need to be aware of our own personality defaults and strengths when approaches the new technologies. Recommendations for Practitioners: The study suggests that for Facebook users, we need to be aware of our own personality defaults and strengths when approaches new technologies. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers may find ways to mitigate defaults and enhance strengths for different personalities. An awareness and solutions around personality and technology use outcomes may make the best use of our personality and bring the best of the new technologies. Impact on Society: An awareness and solutions around personality and technology use outcomes may make the best use of our personality and bring the best of the new technologies. Future Research: Future research should focus on call for such awareness and finding solutions.

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Refining Evidence-Based Treatments for Late-Life Depression

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000127 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 67-76

Author(s):

Grace C. Niu ◽

Patricia A. Arean

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Brain Plasticity ◽

Late Life ◽

Aging Population ◽

The United States ◽

Future Research ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Evidence Based Treatments

The recent increase in the aging population, specifically in the United States, has raised concerns regarding treatment for mental illness among older adults. Late-life depression (LLD) is a complex condition that has become widespread among the aging population. Despite the availability of behavioral interventions and psychotherapies, few depressed older adults actually receive treatment. In this paper we review the research on refining treatments for LLD. We first identify evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for LLD and the problems associated with efficacy and dissemination, then review approaches to conceptualizing mental illness, specifically concepts related to brain plasticity and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). Finally, we introduce ENGAGE as a streamlined treatment for LLD and discuss implications for future research.

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Suicide-Bereaved Individuals’ Attitudes Toward Therapists

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000290 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 135-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erin F. Ward-Ciesielski ◽

Madeline D. Wielgus ◽

Connor B. Jones

Keyword(s):

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Limited Attention ◽

Time Of Death ◽

Loved One ◽

Important Group ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Suicide Bereaved ◽

Research Domain

Background: Suicide-bereaved individuals represent an important group impacted by suicide. Understanding their experiences following the suicide of a loved one is an important research domain, despite receiving limited attention. Although suicide-bereaved individuals may benefit from mental health treatment, their attitudes toward therapy and therapists are poorly understood. Aims: The present study aimed to understand the extent to which bereaved individuals’ attitudes toward therapy and therapists are impacted by whether their loved one was in therapy at the time of death. Method: Suicide-bereaved individuals (N = 243) from the United States were recruited to complete an online survey about their experience with and attitudes toward therapy and therapists following the suicide of a loved one. Results: Bereaved individuals whose loved one was in therapy at the time of death (N = 48, 19.8%) reported more negative and less positive attitudes toward the treating therapist than those whose loved one was not in therapy at the time of death (N = 81, 33.3%) or whose loved one was never in therapy/the deceased’s therapy status was unknown (N = 114, 46.9%). Conclusion: The deceased’s involvement with a therapist appears to be an important factor impacting the experience of bereaved individuals and should be considered when attempting to engage these individuals in postvention.

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A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000470 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 433-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kim Gryglewicz ◽

Melanie Bozzay ◽

Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽

Gabriela D. Romero ◽

Melissa Witmeier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

The United States ◽

Future Research ◽

At Risk Youth ◽

Peer Relationship ◽

Student Records ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

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