Sexual Assault

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Skelton ◽  
Barry R. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
The Social ◽  
Victim Responsibility ◽  
Willingness To Report ◽  
Social Stereotype ◽  
Prior Relationship

This study was designed to assess the social and attitudinal determinants of victim willingness to define and / or report a sexual assault as a rape to various groups. It was hypothesized that those incidents most closely resembling the social stereotype of rape would be most readily defined as a rape and, therefore, most likely to be reported. One hundred and twelve female undergraduate students were randomly assigned within a 2 x 2 x 2 factoral design to read a one-paragraph description of a situation involving a sexual assault and respond to a questionnaire assessing their belief that the situation was a rape and their willingness to report the event to a friend, a doctor, and/or the police. The situations were varied by having two levels of each of the three factors involved in the social stereotype of rape (prior relationship, degree of violence, and degree of victim responsibility for placing herself in the assault situation). The degree of force used was the most powerful determinant of an assault being defined as rape and of reporting the event to others. Having no prior acquaintance with the assailant also produced more willingness to report the assault to police.

Gender Differences in Undergraduate Holland Personality Types: Vocational and Cocurricular Implications

NASPA Journal ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Murray ◽  
Page M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Vocational Interests ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Career Services ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Campus Activities ◽  
Practical Implications

Patterns of interest among male and female undergraduate students were compared, using two instruments based on Holland's (1997) theory of occupational choice. One of these instruments assessed vocational interests while the other assessed cocurricular interests. Males were found to score higher than females on the realistic scale of the vocational instrument, while females were found to score higher than males on the social and enterprising scales of the same inventory. On the cocurricular inventory, males obtained higher realistic and investigative scores than did females, while females obtained higher artistic and social scores than did males. No significant differences were found on the remaining scales of either instrument. In this article, the authors discuss the practical implications of the findings, with reference to career services and campus activities, and offer recommendations for further research.

Sexual Assault Experienced by Deaf Female Undergraduates: Prevalence and Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Elliott Smith ◽  
Lawrence H. Pick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
States Experience ◽  
Deaf Women

Approximately 25% of hearing women in the United States experience rape in their lifetime, whereas deaf women have been found to experience increased rates of assault consistent with other marginalized populations. This study explored sexual assault prevalence and characteristics of assault in deaf female undergraduate students. Results revealed that more than two-thirds of the participants (69%) endorsed experiencing at least one assault and more than half (56%) experienced multiple types of assault. Most assaults were committed by a man known to the survivor. Characteristics (e.g., hearing status, primary language, and ethnicity) of the survivors and the assailants are explored. The implications of this data are discussed as well as the development of culturally and linguistically sensitive outreach and educational programs.

Trauma-Related Shame, Sexual Assault Severity, Thwarted Belongingness, and Perceived Burdensomeness Among Female Undergraduate Survivors of Sexual Assault

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Stephanie P. Kaplan ◽  
Julie Spencer ◽  
Shannon M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract. Background and Aim: This study evaluated trauma-related shame as a mediator of the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Method: A total of 164 female undergraduates who reported attempted or completed sexual assault completed self-report measures of sexual assault, trauma-related shame, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. Results: Using path analysis, trauma-related shame mediated the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness, and between sexual assault severity and thwarted belongingness. Limitations: The findings of this study are limited by the retrospective, self-report, and cross-sectional nature of these data, and do not allow for causal inference. Conclusion: Trauma-related shame warrants additional investigation as a mechanism that explains the association between sexual assault and psychosocial risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.

Ethnographic Service Learning: An Approach for Transformational Learning

Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A. Medeiros ◽  
Jennifer Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Transformational Learning ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Learning Projects ◽  
Transformational Experiences ◽  
Learning Projects

Trends in higher education pedagogy increasingly point to the importance of transformational experiences as the capstone of liberal arts education. Practitioners of ethnography, the quintessential transformational experience of the social sciences, are well-positioned to take the lead in designing courses and term projects that afford undergraduate students opportunities to fundamentally reshape their understanding of the social world and their own involvement within it. Furthermore, in the United States, colleges and universities have become proponents of service learning as a critical component of a holistic educational experience. In this article, we describe how service learning can be incorporated into training students in ethnographic field methods as a means to transformational learning and to give them skills they can use beyond the classroom in a longer trajectory of civic participation. We discuss strategies, opportunities, and challenges associated with incorporating service learning into courses and programs training students in ethnographic field methods and propose five key components for successful ethnographic service learning projects. We share student insights about the transformational value of their experiences as well as introduce some ethical concerns that arise in ethnographic service-learning projects.

Making the Call: College Students’ Legal Consciousness and Hypothetical Activation of Police for Sexual Assaults

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110211
Author(s):  
Trish Oberweis ◽  
Dayna Henry ◽  
Stacey Griner ◽  
Ekaterina Gorislavsky
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Sexual Assault Prevention ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Willingness To Report ◽  
Assault Prevention

Research has identified the necessity of sexual assault victims to label their experience as criminal to initiate reporting. However, barriers exist in labeling uninvited sexual contact as criminal. This study examined college students’ assessments of whether eight nonconsensual behaviors met the legal definition of sexual assault, and whether such behaviors should be reported to police. Results indicated students acknowledged the nonconsensual behaviors as criminal; however, gaps were identified between awareness that the acts were criminal and willingness to report to police. Findings demonstrate a need for continued efforts for sexual assault prevention among college students.

Satisfaction with the Social Work Profession: A Ten-Year Analysis of Undergraduate Students' Perceptions

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Hanson ◽  
James G. McCullagh
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
High Satisfaction ◽  
The Social

A 10-yr. study of 746 social work undergraduates' perceived satisfaction with seven factors related to their career choice suggested high satisfaction with social work as a career; with the purposes and functions of social work, and the students' initial volunteer experience. There were no significant changes in satisfaction over the 10-yr. period, which findings parallel those of other studies in which similar methods have been used with practicing social workers.

On the Hypothesized Physiological Correspondence between Perceptual and Imagery Processes

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vezio Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

This research examined some aspects of the interaction between imagery and perception of 16 male and 84 female undergraduate students in psychology. The data indicate that, when a subject is imagining with open eyes, a modification in the external stimulation of the retina, produced by covering the eyes, strongly modifies the imaginative activity. The majority of the subjects observed a loss of mental image. In 54% of the subjects the loss of image was provoked by covering only one of the two eyes. Other subjects presented interesting alterations of the mental image. The observed differences among subjects are interpreted by hypothesizing a correspondence between perceptual and imaginative styles that could employ common neurophysiological structures at central and perhaps peripheral levels.

scholarly journals A Short Measure of Social Reactions to Sexual Assault: The Social Reactions Questionnaire-Shortened

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1096-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Ullman ◽  
Mark Relyea ◽  
Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir ◽  
Sidney Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Women Survivors ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Social Reactions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Social reactions to disclosures of sexual assault have significant effects on women’s postassault recovery. However, being the most widely used measure of these reactions, the 48-item Social Reactions Questionnaire (SRQ; Ullman, 2000) is too long for some research and evaluation efforts. Thus, we developed a 16-item short version, the Social Reactions Questionnaire-Shortened (SRQ-S). Three preexisting college and community samples of women survivors (N = 1,012; 1,084; and 344) were used to determine which SRQ items were most related to psychological symptoms and could form reliable subscales. The brief version was then administered in a college and community sample of 447 women survivors. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) and supporting psychometrics showed the SRQ-S reliably measures three general scales of the SRQ (Turning Against, Unsupportive Acknowledgment, Positive Reactions) as well as eight 2-item subscales (e.g., Blame). The SRQ-S provides researchers and interventionists with a brief alternative measure to the original SRQ.

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