Concurrent and longitudinal associations of peers’ acceptance with emotion and effortful control in kindergarten

The purpose of the study was to evaluate bidirectional associations between peer acceptance and both emotion and effortful control during kindergarten ( N = 301). In both the fall and spring semesters, we obtained peer nominations of acceptance, measures of positive and negative emotion based on naturalistic observations in school (i.e., classroom, lunch/recess), and observers’ reports of effortful control (i.e., inhibitory control, attention focusing) and emotions (i.e., positive, negative). In structural equation panel models, peer acceptance in fall predicted higher effortful control in spring. Effortful control in fall did not predict peer acceptance in spring. Negative emotion predicted lower peer acceptance across time for girls but not for boys. Peer acceptance did not predict negative or positive emotion over time. In addition, we tested interactions between positive or negative emotion and effortful control predicting peer acceptance. Positive emotion predicted higher peer acceptance for children low in effortful control.

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How Do Emotions during Goal Pursuit in Weight Change over Time? Retrospective Computational Text Analysis of Goal Setting and Striving Conversations with a Coach during a Mobile Weight Loss Program

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6600

Author(s):

Heather Behr ◽

Annabell Suh Ho ◽

Ellen Siobhan Mitchell ◽

Qiuchen Yang ◽

Laura DeLuca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Goal Setting ◽

Text Analysis ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Goal Pursuit ◽

Weight Loss Program ◽

Self Report ◽

Emotion Words ◽

Over Time

During behavioral weight management, individuals reflect on their progress and barriers through goal pursuit (goal setting and goal striving). Emotions during goal pursuit are largely unknown, and previous investigations of emotions in weight management have primarily relied on self-report. In this retrospective study, we used a well-validated computational text analysis approach to explore how emotion words changed over time during goal setting and striving conversations with a coach in a mobile weight loss program. Linear mixed models examined changes in emotion words each month from baseline to program end and compared emotion words between individuals who set an overall concrete goal for the program (concrete goal setters) and those who set an overall abstract goal (abstract goal setters). Contrary to findings using self-report, positive emotion words were stable and negative emotion words significantly increased over time. There was a marginal trend towards greater negative emotion word use being associated with greater weight loss. Concrete goal setters used more positive words than abstract goal setters, with no differences in negative emotion words and weight loss. Implications include the possibility that individuals may need increasing support over time for negative emotions expressed during goal setting and striving, and concrete goals could boost positive emotion. Future research should investigate these possibilities.

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Role of the perceived justice of service recovery: A comparison of first-time and repeat visitors

Tourism and Hospitality Research ◽

10.1177/1467358417704885 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 98-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peng Chen ◽

Yeong Gug Kim

Keyword(s):

Procedural Justice ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Service Recovery ◽

Interactional Justice ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Perceived Justice ◽

First Time

The objectives of this study are to determine the effects of perceived justice on customers’ emotional response, which influences customer behavior, and to identify any distinction between first-time and repeat visitors’ perspectives of service recovery. After 550 self-administered questionnaires were distributed, 477 usable questionnaires were obtained. The relationships among seven constructs (distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice, positive emotion, negative emotion, overall satisfaction, and word-of-mouth intention) were measured using structural equation modeling, and the moderating role of first-time and repeat visitors in the relationships among constructs was determined. Although there are no significant relationships between procedural justice or interactional justice and negative emotion, other paths were significant. In addition, the moderating function of first-time and repeat visitors had significant impact on the relationships of positive emotion and negative emotion with overall satisfaction.

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The Effect of Mind-Body Exercise on Sustainable Psychological Wellbeing Focusing on Pilates

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11071977 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1977 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Suk-Kyu Kim ◽

Jae-Lan Shim ◽

Gun-Soo Han

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Service Quality ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Valuable Data ◽

Significant Direct Effect

The purpose of this study was to analyze the theoretical model of mind–body exercise and to examine its effect on psychological wellbeing focusing on Pilates. A total of 219 surveys from Pilates participants were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The result of this study indicated service quality has a significant direct effect on participation satisfaction (+). Service quality does not have a significant direct effect on sustainable participation intention. Participation satisfaction has a significant direct effect on positive emotion (+). Participation satisfaction has a significant direct effect on negative emotion (−). Participation satisfaction has a significant direct effect on sustainable participation intention (+). Service quality has a significant indirect effect on sustainable participation intention mediated by participation satisfaction (+). The findings of this study will be valuable data for healthcare experts to establish more effective mental health strategies concerning mind–body exercise.

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Happiness Singled Out: Bidirectional Associations Between Singlehood and Life Satisfaction

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ◽

10.1177/01461672211049049 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014616722110490

Author(s):

Jeewon Oh ◽

William J. Chopik ◽

Richard E. Lucas

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Change Over Time ◽

Panel Models ◽

Highly Educated ◽

Random Intercept ◽

Bidirectional Associations ◽

Over Time ◽

Bidirectional Influences

Despite constituting a large portion of society, single people—and their satisfaction with singlehood and life—are rarely examined in their own right. How happy are single people and does their happiness change over time? In 3,439 people followed over 10 years, we found that people reported being more satisfied than not, but both singlehood satisfaction and life satisfaction declined over time. Older adults, men, and highly educated people, and people with worse health reported lower singlehood satisfaction. Constrained random-intercept cross-lagged panel models suggested that singlehood and life satisfaction had lagged bidirectional influences with each other. Results are discussed in the context of the origins of singlehood satisfaction and life satisfaction.

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The impact of positive reappraisal on positive (and negative) emotion among older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610215002057 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 681-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jamie S. Nowlan ◽

Viviana M. Wuthrich ◽

Ronald M. Rapee

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Positive Reappraisal ◽

Life Event ◽

Adverse Life Event ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

ABSTRACTBackground:Positive reappraisal is an important cognitive strategy for older adults associated with wide-ranging improvements in psychological well-being. However, little is known about the relationship between positive reappraisal and positive and negative emotion, anxiety and depression, and whether positive reappraisal is associated with continued increases in positive emotion over time.Methods:In the first study, 61 participants aged 62 to 88 years (M = 72, SD = 5.8) completed current measures of cognitive emotion regulation, positive emotion, negative emotion, anxiety and depression regarding their most distressing aging-related adverse life event, and rated (retrospectively) positive reappraisal use at the time of the stressor. Utilizing a longitudinal design, in a second study 60 participants aged 62 to 88 years (M = 71.2, SD = 5.7) completed the same measures for a recent adverse life event and repeated the measures 3 and 6 months later.Results:In the first study, positive reappraisal reported for both time periods was significantly correlated with current positive emotion, but not negative emotion with mixed findings for anxiety and depression, and positive reappraisal use increased with time since stressor onset. In the second study, positive reappraisal was significantly correlated with positive emotion and significantly predicted positive emotion from 3-month to 6-month follow-up, and was related to anxiety and depression but not general negative emotion.Conclusions:These findings indicate that positive reappraisal is related to positive emotion but not consistently with negative emotion, and continues to be beneficial over time in older adults who have experienced a stressor.

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Dynamics of Multimorbidity Resilience and Health Outcomes Over Time in Community-Residing Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 890-891

Author(s):

Yingzhi Xu ◽

Zahra Rahmaty ◽

Eleanor McConnell ◽

Tingzhong (Michelle) Xue ◽

Bada Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Physical Health ◽

Social Life ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Pain Level ◽

Reciprocal Relationships ◽

Over Time

Abstract Multimorbidity resilience may mitigate the adverse effects of multiple chronic diseases on older adults’ health. Wister et al.’s (2018) multimorbidity resilience index was developed and tested in a cross-sectional sample of older adults in Canada. Building on these findings, we examined the reciprocal relationships of resilience on outcomes to test these potentially mitigating effects in a community-based, U.S. sample of older adults over time. The study sample includes 1,054 older adults from waves 2 and 3 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) study (Waite et al 2020). Wister et al.’s (2018) index was mapped to NSHAP measures, and reciprocal relationships of multimorbidity resilience and health outcomes over a 5-year period was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicated significant effects of multimorbidity resilience on self-rated physical health and pain. Interestingly, a better functional resilience at baseline conferred better self-rated physical health at follow-up, while better psychological resilience predicted lower pain level. By contrast, the influence of health outcomes on any domain of multimorbidity resilience was not detectable at all, supporting the direction of these associations from resilience to outcomes. The study systematically investigated the dynamic hypotheses between multimorbidity resilience and health outcomes. That is, whether they are determinants or consequences, or both. Our findings suggest multimorbidity resilience predicts subsequent 5-year change in health outcomes, especially self-rated physical health and pain level, but not vice versa, strengthening the evidence of the importance of resilience in the health of older adults.

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Associations between mental wellbeing and fMRI neural bases underlying responses to positive emotion in a twin sample

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721002695 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Haeme R.P. Park ◽

Miranda R. Chilver ◽

Arthur Montalto ◽

Javad Jamshidi ◽

Peter R. Schofield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Activity ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Neural Activation ◽

Positive Health ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right

Abstract Background Although mental wellbeing has been linked with positive health outcomes, including longevity and improved emotional and cognitive functioning, studies examining the underlying neural mechanisms of both subjective and psychological wellbeing have been sparse. We assessed whether both forms of wellbeing are associated with neural activity engaged during positive and negative emotion processing and the extent to which this association is driven by genetics or environment. Methods We assessed mental wellbeing in 230 healthy adult monozygotic and dizygotic twins using a previously validated questionnaire (COMPAS-W) and undertook functional magnetic resonance imaging during a facial emotion viewing task. We used linear mixed models to analyse the association between COMPAS-W scores and emotion-elicited neural activation. Univariate twin modelling was used to evaluate heritability of each brain region. Multivariate twin modelling was used to compare twin pairs to assess the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to this association. Results Higher levels of wellbeing were associated with greater neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, localised in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), in response to positive emotional expressions of happiness. Univariate twin modelling showed activity in the IFG to have 20% heritability. Multivariate twin modelling suggested that the association between wellbeing and positive emotion-elicited neural activity was driven by common variance from unique environment (r = 0.208) rather than shared genetics. Conclusions Higher mental wellbeing may have a basis in greater engagement of prefrontal neural regions in response to positive emotion, and this association may be modifiable by unique life experiences.

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Treatment alliance and needs of care concerning religiousness and spirituality: A follow-up study among psychiatric inpatients

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00207640211023065 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402110230

Author(s):

Joke C van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse ◽

Arjan W Braam ◽

Christa Anbeek ◽

Jos WR Twisk ◽

Hanneke Schaap-Jonker

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Treatment Compliance ◽

Health Clinic ◽

Care Needs ◽

Service Engagement ◽

Treatment Alliance ◽

Over Time

Background: Patient satisfaction with religious/spiritual (R/S) care during mental health treatment has been associated with a better treatment alliance. Aims: To investigate the longitudinal relations between (un)met R/S care needs and treatment alliance/compliance over a 6-month period. Method: 201 patients in a Christian (CC) and a secular mental health clinic completed a questionnaire (T0) containing an R/S care needs questionnaire, the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) and the Service Engagement Scale (SES). After 6 months 136 of them took part in a follow-up (T1). Associations were analysed using hybrid linear mixed models and structural equation modelling. Results: R/S care needs decreased over time, but a similar percentage remained unanswered (e.g. 67% of the needs on R/S conversations in a secular setting). Over a 6-month period, met R/S care needs were associated with a higher WAI score (β = .25; p < .001), and unmet R/S care needs with lower WAI score (β = −.36; p < .001), which were mainly between subjects effects. Patients reporting a high score of unmet R/S care at baseline, reported a decrease in SES over time (β = −.13; p < .05). Conclusions: Satisfaction with R/S care among mental health patients is related to a better treatment alliance. When unmet R/S care needs persist, they precede a decrease in treatment compliance. Mental health professionals are recommended to assess the presence of R/S care needs and consider possibilities of R/S care especially in the first weeks of treatment.

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Higher Education in Times of COVID-19: University Students’ Basic Need Satisfaction, Self-Regulated Learning, and Well-Being

AERA Open ◽

10.1177/23328584211003164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 233285842110031

Author(s):

Julia Holzer ◽

Marko Lüftenegger ◽

Selma Korlat ◽

Elisabeth Pelikan ◽

Katariina Salmela-Aro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Well Being ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Learning Motivation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Minor Effect ◽

Self Regulated Learning ◽

Regulated Learning

In the wake of COVID-19, university students have experienced fundamental changes of their learning and their lives as a whole. The present research identifies psychological characteristics associated with students’ well-being in this situation. We investigated relations of basic psychological need satisfaction (experienced competence, autonomy, and relatedness) with positive emotion and intrinsic learning motivation, considering self-regulated learning as a moderator. Self-reports were collected from 6,071 students in Austria (Study 1) and 1,653 students in Finland (Study 2). Structural equation modeling revealed competence as the strongest predictor for positive emotion. Intrinsic learning motivation was predicted by competence and autonomy in both countries and by relatedness in Finland. Moderation effects of self-regulated learning were inconsistent, but main effects on intrinsic learning motivation were identified. Surprisingly, relatedness exerted only a minor effect on positive emotion. The results inform strategies to promote students’ well-being through distance learning, mitigating the negative effects of the situation.

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Palestinian children living amidst political and military violence deploy active protection strategies against psychological trauma: How agency can mitigate traumatic stress via life satisfaction

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/13674935211017727 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136749352110177

Author(s):

Guido Veronese ◽

Federica Cavazzoni ◽

Alaa Jaradah ◽

Shaher Yaghi ◽

Hania Obaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Trauma Symptoms ◽

Event Scale ◽

Military Violence ◽

Palestinian Children

This exploratory study assessed the association between agency and life satisfaction, as well as the potential for life satisfaction, in its turn, to alleviate trauma symptoms and reduce negative emotion in a group of children exposed to war and military violence in Palestine. Two hundred and fifty Palestinian children, who had been recruited at primary schools in urban and rural areas, and refugee camps, completed the Multilevel Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale, Children’s Hope Scale (CHS), Children’s Impact of Event Scale (CRIES) and Positive and Negative Affect Scales. We performed structural equation modelling to evaluate the effects of agency on negative emotions and trauma symptoms via life satisfaction. The participants appeared to play an agentic role in mobilizing their own life satisfaction, and the more satisfied they were with their lives, the less they suffered from trauma symptoms. In terms of clinical practice, we advocate more active and participatory approaches to fostering children’s agency, a complex construct in need of further investigation via mixed-method quanti-qualitative and ethnographic studies.

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