Violence between Different Members in the Family System: A Household Survey in a Brazilian City

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1257
Author(s):  
Carla Ferreira de Paula Gebara ◽  
Cleusa Pinheiro Ferri ◽  
Fernanda Monteiro de Castro Bhona ◽  
Marcel de Toledo Vieira ◽  
Lelio Moura Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family System ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Conflict Tactics

Objective: To investigate the associations between different types of violence within the family. Method: A household survey of a representative sample of adult women in two neighborhoods with different social–economic profiles in a Brazilian city. Data in respect of intimate partner violence (using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales) and violence against children (using the Parent–Child Conflict Tactics Scales) were collected. Results: We interviewed 905 women, 532 of whom were in an intimate relationship and 446 had children. Bivariate logistic regression models indicated that women victims of some type of violence had higher odds (OR:62.5 CI:27.3–143.2) of abusing their partners. Moreover, both women being violent toward their partners and being victims of violence were associated with a greater chance of them abusing their children. Conclusion: The data highlight the circularity of violent relationships and, therefore, the importance of preventive and therapeutic strategies targeted toward the whole family rather than toward individuals.

Abstract MP048: Partner Violence is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cari J Clark ◽  
Susan A Everson-Rose ◽  
Resnick Michael ◽  
Iris Borowsky ◽  
Sonya S Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Introduction: Women are more likely to experience distress and injury from intimate partner violence (IPV), and may also be at greater risk of higher blood pressure than male victims. However, most prior epidemiologic research has not included men and has not examined perpetation, despite the predominance of mutually violent relationships. Therefore, this study investigates sex differences in the relationship between exposure to IPV victimization and perpetration and systolic blood pressure (SB). Methods: The study included 3447 (52% female; mean(sd) age=22(3)) participants of Waves 3 (2001–2002) and 4 (2007) of the publically-available subset of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Frequency of psychological, physical, sexual IPV and IPV-related injury were ascertained with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales at Wave 3. Exposure to IPV was categorized as no IPV victimization or perpetration (ref), only low victimization and / or perpetration, high victimization and low/no perpetration, high perpetration and low/no victimization, and both high victimization and perpetration. SBP was measured at Wave 4 using standard procedures. Potential confounders (age, educational attainment, race, history of child abuse) and mediators (depressive symptoms, breakfast consumption, moderate physical exercise, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption) were recorded at Wave 3. Multivariable weighted linear regression was used to test the relationship between SBP and IPV by adjusting for confounders then by adjusting for the proposed mediators. Analyses were stratified by sex and a multiplicative term was tested. Results: Approximately 30% of the sample reported IPV exposure (n=2050), of which 23% (n=831) experienced low victimization and or perpetration, 5% (n=157) high victimization, 6% (N=203) high perpetration, 6% (n=206) both high victimization and perpetration. Women were slightly more likely to report high perpetration and both high victimization and high perpetration (p<0.01). In separate models controlling for confounders, experiencing both high victimization and perpetration was associated with 4.02 mmHg SBP higher in men (95% CI: 0.32, 7.72) and 2.51 mmHg SBP higher in women (95% CI: 0.18, 4.84) compared to those with no IPV. In addition, reporting high perpetration was associated with 3.83 mmHg higher SBP in men (95% CI: –0.72, 8.38), while high victimization was associated with 2.94 mmHg higher SBP for women (95% CI: –0.61, 6.49). Further adjustment for the hypothesized mediators slightly attenuated the findings. The multiplicative term (IPV X sex) was marginally significant (p=0.09). Conclusions: Exposure to high levels of victimization and perpetration is associated with higher levels of SBP for men and women. High victimization alone is related to higher SBP for women while high perpetration is related to higher SBP for men.

Childhood Exposure to Partner Violence as a Moderator of Current Partner Violence and Negative Parenting

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 851-869
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Hasselle ◽  
Kathryn H. Howell ◽  
Idia B. Thurston ◽  
Rebecca C. Kamody ◽  
Candice B. Crossnine
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Family System ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Childhood Exposure ◽  
Negative Parenting ◽  
The Family ◽  
Current Partner ◽  
Intergenerational Effect ◽  
A Current

This study examined the interactive effect of mothers’ exposure to caregiver intimate partner violence (IPV) during childhood and the amount of violence experienced with a current partner on negative parenting practices. Mothers ( N = 119) were recruited from community sites serving individuals experiencing IPV. Findings indicated that the following childhood IPV exposure variables moderated the association between current IPV severity and negative parenting practices: total types of IPV witnessed ( B = 0.01, t = 2.65, p < .01), witnessing sexual IPV ( B = 0.02, t = 2.16, p < .05), and witnessing psychological IPV ( B = 0.03, t = 2.79, p < .01). Results highlight the intergenerational effect of violence and the importance of addressing trauma across the family system.

scholarly journals Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Family Environment: The Perceptions of Same Reality?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaskun Ibabe
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Harsh Discipline ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Family Discipline

The use of several sources of information (parents and children) is scarce in family studies. Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is still considered the most hidden and stigmatized form of family violence. One objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of child-to-parent violence and perceptions of family environment as a function of the informant (parent or child), child’s sex, and parents’ sex in a community population. The study also aimed to analyze the predictive power of family conflict and aggressive family discipline in child-to-parent violence depending on the informant. A sample of 586 adolescents (49% boys, aged between 12 and 18) and their parents (40%) participated in the study. The Family Environment Scale and the Conflict Tactics Scales were administered. Results showed good consistency between adolescent reports and parent reports for physical CPV, but adolescents perceived worse family environments than their parents. Multiple regression models revealed that aggressive family discipline and family are important risk factors for CPV. Early intervention to prevent CPV is recommended, focused on promoting family relationships and avoiding harsh discipline practices. It is important that parents are able to ask for help when they need it.

scholarly journals Profile of intimate partner violence in Family Health Units

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo de Mattos Russo Rafael ◽  
Anna Tereza Miranda Soares de Moura ◽  
Jeane Marques Cunha Tavares ◽  
Renata Evelin Moreno Ferreira ◽  
Glauce Gomes da Silva Camilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the profile of intimate partner violence involving women in a scenario of Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu (Rio de Janeiro). Method: A transversal study was conducted in four units with a sample of 640 women between the ages of 25 to 64. The phenomena of violence was determined using the tool Revised Conflict Tactics Scales, validated for Brazil. Statistical analysis took into consideration an estimation of prevalence in the calculation of the p values. Results: The situations of violence and the sociodemographic profiles demonstrated a statistically significant relationship with the variables of educational level and housing conditions. Age, ethnicity and economic class demonstrated an association with certain types of violence, varying in type and severity. Conclusion: The study investigated the profile of these situations of violence and enabled reflection regarding the approaches adopted by the Family Health Strategy teams.

Instruments to Assess Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Costa ◽  
Henrique Barros
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Administration Methods

A scoping review was conducted to map existing evidence on strategies to measure male and female intimate partner violence (IPV). PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to 2014. There were 1,098 studies analyzed. To assess IPV, the most commonly followed strategy was the creation of study-specific questions (30.3%). The Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS) were the most frequent choice among generic instruments, whereas for clinical samples, the preferred tool was the Abuse Assessment Screen. Prevalence estimates were generally higher when the original versions of the CTS were used. This review provides a guiding frame of what exists in the IPV measurement literature, showing trends in the choice for a particular instrument according to administration methods and settings.

scholarly journals КОНТРОЛА ВАТРЕНОГ ОРУЖЈА И РОДНО ЗАСНОВАНО НАСИЉЕ: ЛИНК КОЈИ НЕДОСТАЈЕ?

TEME ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1515
Author(s):  
Danijela V Spasic
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Law ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Istanbul Convention

In the early 2000s, estimates indicated the presence of over a million pieces of firearms and a large amount of ammunition in the possession of Serbian citizens. At the same time, the demographics of domestic violence pointed to the consequences of the misuse of firearms in the context of family and partner violence. A large number of women’s killings (annually between 30 and 40) also raised the issue of possession of (non) legal weapons, as well as the adequate response of institutions in preventing fatal outbreaks. On the basis of the fact that Serbia passed the Law on Weapons and Ammunition in 2015, in 2013 it ratified the Istanbul Convention and adopted the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence in 2016, and the statistics on the death by murder of women in the context of domestic violence, the analytical approach in the paper focuses on seeking the answer to the question: whether the existing legislative framework provides for the protection of victims of violence against the misuse of firearms? The findings of study indicate the need to enhance the coherence of the legislative response to the risks posed by the presence of firearms in the family context, as well as establishing stronger links between the legislative framework for the control of firearms and the laws governing the response to domestic violence and partner violence.

Characteristics of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Experienced by a Sample of Portuguese Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Machado ◽  
Denise Hines ◽  
Marlene Matos
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence Victimization ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

International research has established that men can be victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). In Portugal, this phenomenon has not yet received scientific or social attention, although since the 1990s, IPV has been acknowledged as a notable problem. An online cross-sectional study was conducted with 89 heterosexual men who, after completing the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales, identified themselves as victims of IPV. We examined the prevalence of IPV, its context, its perceived impact, men’s reactions after an episode of violence, men’s perceived motives for the partner’s aggressive behavior, and reasons that prevented men from leaving the abusive relationship. The results revealed many similarities to the findings in the literature on female victims and are discussed in terms of their practical implications. Increased knowledge of this underreported phenomenon is vital to the development of suitable policies and support services.

Does Questionnaire Format Impact Reported Partner Violence Rates?: An Experimental Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Hamby ◽  
David B. Sugarman ◽  
Sue Boney-McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Researchers assess partner violence using numerous formats, but whether questionnaire format affects obtained rates has rarely been examined. We compared paper-and-pencil versus computer administrations, and standard Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) categories versus dichotomous (yes/no) response categories, in a 2 &times 2 experiment with 160 undergraduate students. Differential validity was also examined for gender. Results provide some support for the use of all formats, although sexual coercion rates showed more measurement variability than reports of psychological aggression, physical assault, or injury. Sexual coercion effects also differed by gender. The standard CTS2 categories resulted in more disclosures than dichotomous categories for some variables. Differences between computer and paper-and-pencil formats were generally minimal. More attention to the effects of questionnaire design on disclosures of violence is urgently needed.

Intergenerational Transmission of Abuse of Incarcerated Fathers

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Total Frequency ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Conflict Tactics

Research on the intergenerational transmission of abuse hypothesis often only examined the existence of abuse. The current study utilizes retrospective recalls of incarcerated male defendants ( N = 414), using questions formulated from the modified Conflict Tactics Scales. Five logistic regression models are run, representing a different physical abuse measure, including incidence of physical abuse; severity of physical abuse; and three composite measures: total frequency, total severity, and total frequency/severity. Although social desirability is a limitation in any study relying on self-report data, the comparison of the chi-square values of each model may give indication that the simpler abuse measures (“incidence of physical abuse” and “severity of physical abuse”) are more predictive of later abusive behaviors than the more complex, composite measures.

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