Marital Quality as a Mechanism Linking Childhood Abuse to Mental Health

2022 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110598
Author(s):  
Michael Fitzgerald ◽  
Jacob A. Esplin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Midlife Development ◽  
Using Data

Childhood abuse has been widely associated with mental health problems in adulthood and marital quality may be one possible mediator. We examine marital quality as a mediator linking childhood abuse to positive affect, negative affect, emotionally reactivity, and aggression. Using data from Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), results of structural equation modeling indicate that the indirect effects from childhood abuse to each of the mental health outcomes were significant. Marital quality may be a source of resilience among adults who were abused in childhood and could be a point of intervention for clinicians.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Negative and Positive Mental Health Among Nursing Students in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryon C. McDermott ◽  
Sharon M. Fruh ◽  
Susan Williams ◽  
Caitlyn Hauff ◽  
Scott Sittig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Multigroup Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Strengths

BACKGROUND: Researchers have documented significant psychological problems among nursing students, but findings have been inconclusive as to whether nursing students are “at-risk” for mental health problems compared with their non-nursing peers. AIMS: This study examined whether nursing students have unique mental health characteristics compared with students from other professions. METHOD: Undergraduates ( N = 18,312; nursing n = 1,399) were selected from the 2016-2017 National Healthy Minds Study. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (anxiety), and the Flourishing Scale (positive psychology). RESULTS: Nursing students were equally likely to screen positive for depression and anxiety compared with their non-nursing peers. However, when controlling for gender, age, and year in school, multigroup structural equation modeling analyses revealed that female (but not male) nursing students reported significantly higher levels of specific anxiety symptoms and certain psychological strengths than female students from other professions. Nursing students are equally likely to screen positive for depression or anxiety as their non-nursing peers; however, anxiety disorders may reflect symptom profiles unique to nursing students. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a need for tailored screening and interventions to reduce mental health problems and harness psychological strengths unique to nursing students.

scholarly journals Migration Status, Internet Use, and Social Participation among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: Consequences for Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 6007
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Haimin Pan ◽  
Yuanyuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Migration Status

This study aimed to examine the underlying relationship between migration status and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China. Data were derived from three waves of panel data (2011, 2013, and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Two-level regression models and generalized structural equation modeling were run to fit the data. The results showed that migration status of the respondents could ameliorate their depression (β = −0.02, p < 0.01), so did internet use (β = −0.02, p < 0.001), and social participation (β = −0.06, p < 0.001). The indirect effects of migration status on depression through internet use and of internet use on depression through social participation existed. The effects of migration status, internet use, and social participation in decreasing depression were discussed. Provided the associations among migration status, internet use, social participation, and depression, attention should be paid on increasing protective aspects of migration among middle-aged and older adults, such as internet use and social participation, to enhance their mental health.

Police Body-Worn Cameras: Effects on Officers’ Burnout and Perceived Organizational Support

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Adams ◽  
Sharon Mastracci
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Using Data

Police departments in the United States are rapidly adopting body-worn cameras (BWCs). To date, no study has investigated the effects of BWCs on police officers themselves, despite evidence suggesting negative effects of electronic performance monitoring on employee well-being. Police officers already experience higher levels of burnout than other professions. We hypothesize that the intense surveillance of BWCs will manifest in how police officers perceive the organizational support of their departments and will increase burnout. We test these hypotheses using data from patrol officers ( n = 271) and structural equation modeling. We find BWCs increase police officer burnout, and this effect is statistically different from zero. We also find that BWCs decrease officers’ perceived organizational support, which mediates the relationship between BWCs and burnout. Greater perceived organizational support can blunt the negative effects of BWCs. Our study is the first to situate effects on officers at the center of BWC literature.

Structural Equation Modeling Supports a Moderating Role of Personality in the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in College Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Wilson ◽  
Bhibha M. Das ◽  
Ellen M. Evans ◽  
Rodney K. Dishman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Competing Models

Background:A positive association between physical activity and mental health is well established, particularly for lower symptoms of depression and anxiety among active adults. However, it is unclear whether the association is influenced by personality, which might moderate or otherwise explain the association. In addition, past studies have not confirmed the association using an objective measure of physical activity.Objective:Our objective was to examine whether Extraversion and Neuroticism influence the association between mental health and physical activity measured by convergent self-reports and an accelerometer.Methods:Structural equation modeling was used to test competing models of the relationships between personality, physical activity, and mental health in a sample of female undergraduates.Results:In bivariate analysis, mental health was negatively related to Neuroticism and positively related to Extraversion, self-reported physical activity (which was related only to Extraversion, positively), and objective physical activity (which was related only to Neuroticism, negatively). In structural equation modeling, a 3-way interaction indicated that objective physical activity and mental health were unrelated in extraverts, but related positively in neurotic-introverts and negatively in stable-introverts.Conclusions:Higher levels of physical activity were associated with better mental health only in neurotic-introverts, who are at higher risk for mental health problems.

The Costs of Policing: Psychosocial Capital and Mental Health Outcomes in a Nigeria Police Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluyinka Ojedokun ◽  
Shyngle K. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

AbstractThis study examined the influence of psychosocial capital (psychological and workplace social capital) on mental health outcomes among 340 police personnel in Nigeria. Data were collected via anonymously completed questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling, and the results revealed that in the context of stress and traumatic stress, resilience p < .05, optimism p < .05, self-efficacy p < .05, hope p < .05, and workplace social capital p < .05 can influence the development of mental health problems or adaptation. The findings imply that it is important that both researchers and police organization pay attention to how psychological capital influence the development of psychopathology or resilience and how such issues can be addressed through psychological training in the workplace.

Test, Revision, and Cross-Validation of the Physical Activity Self-Definition Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Kendzierski ◽  
Mara S. Morganstein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Partial Invariance ◽  
Using Data

Structural equation modeling was used to test an extended version of the Kendzierski, Furr, and Schiavoni (1998) Physical Activity Self-Definition Model. A revised model using data from 622 runners fit the data well. Cross-validation indices supported the revised model, and this model also provided a good fit to data from 397 cyclists. Partial invariance was found across activities. In both samples, perceived commitment and perceived ability had direct effects on self-definition, and perceived wanting, perceived trying, and enjoyment had indirect effects. The contribution of perceived ability to self-definition did not differ across activities. Implications concerning the original model, indirect effects, skill salience, and the role of context in self-definition are discussed.

scholarly journals The Association between Loneliness, Mental Well-Being, and Self-Esteem among Adolescents in Four Nordic Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7405
Author(s):  
Nelli Lyyra ◽  
Einar Baldvin Thorsteinsson ◽  
Charli Eriksson ◽  
Katrine Rich Madsen ◽  
Asko Tolvanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mental Well Being

Positive mental health is central to adolescent well-being. The present study examines the prevalence of loneliness and positive mental health indicators (mental well-being and self-esteem) in four Nordic countries and associations between loneliness, mental well-being, and high self-esteem. This study is based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study which was conducted in 2018 in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. Participants were 5883 15-year-old boys and girls. To examine the associations between loneliness, mental well-being, and self-esteem, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied. In the comparison of Nordic countries, the prevalence of loneliness was highest among Finnish and Icelandic adolescents. High mental well-being and high self-esteem were most prevalent in Denmark and Sweden. In general, boys scored higher on positive mental health indicators and girls on loneliness. Loneliness was also a strong indicator of low mental well-being and low self-esteem in all Nordic countries. Loneliness is not only associated with mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, but it is also a risk factor for adolescents’ positive mental health. Positive mental health is important for healthy maturation and there is a need to develop initiatives to reduce adolescent loneliness and so support positive development.

scholarly journals A Structural Equation Modeling of Mental Health Literacy in Healthcare Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13264
Author(s):  
Chia-Min Lu ◽  
Yin-Ju Lien ◽  
Hsing-Jung Chao ◽  
Hui-Shin Lin ◽  
I-Chuan Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Help Seeking Attitudes ◽  
Healthcare Students

Background: There is a high prevalence of mental illness among healthcare students, and most students with mental health problems are reluctant to seek help from mental health professionals. Help-seeking is a component of mental health literacy (MHL). Although MHL is conceptualized as multi-dimensional, a theory-based multi-construct of MHL is still lacking. We aimed to build a theory-based multi-construct of MHL to explore the pathways of help-seeking. Methods: The data were obtained from a survey on MHL among healthcare students in 2018 (n = 1294). The Mental Health Literacy Scale for Healthcare Students was used to measure the maintenance of positive mental health, recognition of mental illness, mental illness stigma attitudes, help-seeking efficacy, and help-seeking attitudes. Descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted. Results: The findings of the SEM model indicated recognition of mental illness had a positive direct effect on both help-seeking efficacy and maintenance of positive mental health. Additionally, help-seeking efficacy fully mediated the relationship between recognition of mental illness and help-seeking attitudes. Conclusions: Help-seeking efficacy plays a significant role in healthcare students’ willingness to seek professional help when mental health care is needed. Accordingly, improving help-seeking efficacy strategies would increase the use of mental health services and contribute to the prevention of mental health problems.

Financial Hardship, Social Support, and Perceived Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narang Park ◽  
Wookjae Heo ◽  
Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar ◽  
John E. Grable
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Midlife Development ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Positive Effect

This study examines the associations among financial hardship, perception of situation, social support, and perceived stress using data from the second wave of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. Both financial hardship and perception of situation were hypothesized to be positively associated with perceived stress, whereas social support was hypothesized to act as an intervening variable between perception of situation and perceived stress. The results from a structural equation model showed that (a) financial hardship was a precursor of perception of situation, (b) perception of situation exhibited a positive effect on perceived stress, and (c) social support was negatively related to the level of perceived stress.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Fatigue Between Mental Health and Its Associated Factors: Evidence From Chinese Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Peng ◽  
Wensu Zhou ◽  
Dexin Zhou ◽  
Muyang Chu ◽  
Li Ling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role

The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of fatigue between mental health and its associated factors, including workload, social support, and occupational protection, among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. A national cross-sectional survey was performed to collect data from healthcare workers who have attended to patients with COVID-19. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the mediating effect of fatigue. The results indicated that fatigue was a significant mediator of mental health. The proportion of indirect effect with regards to the total effect of workload on mental health was 54.2%, significantly greater than other factors such as social support (19.7%) and occupational protection (23.4%). The findings confirmed that workload, social support, and occupational protection both had indirect and direct effects on mental health status through fatigue. To some extent, potential interventions designed to alleviate fatigue would reduce mental health problems among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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