Evaluation of Factors Concerning the Olfaction Using the Sniffin’ Sticks Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Serkan Orhan ◽  
Burak Karabulut ◽  
Nesil Keleş ◽  
Kemal Değer
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. This study aimed to research the normative values of olfactory function in the Turkish population using the Sniffin’ Sticks test and to relate olfactory performance to age, sex, smoking, educational level, and the side examined. It also aimed to compare the results with other countries’ normative values, especially Europe, using the same test and procedure. Study Design. Prospective clinical study. Setting. Tertiary referral center. Subjects and Methods. This study was a prospective clinical trial conducted in a tertiary clinic. A total of 100 healthy subjects were included in the study. Of these, 50 were men and 50 were women. The mean (SD) age of the subjects was 37.7 (14.8) years (range, 18-77 years). Results. Odor scores were lower than the scores of other countries, and the scores decreased significantly with age. There was no relationship between olfaction and sex or smoking. Subjects with a lower educational status had lower scores compared with the scores of median and highly educated subjects. Conclusion. This is the first study that evaluated the relationship between education level and olfaction. According to the results, the cultural differences, education level, and age seemed to influence odor scores. The Sniffin’ Sticks test can be used to assess olfactory performance in a Turkish population, but identification of odors in this test battery may show variability because of local and cultural factors.

Amniotic Band Syndrome: A Single-Institutional Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey W. Iqbal ◽  
S. Christopher Derderian ◽  
Yvonne Cheng ◽  
Hanmin Lee ◽  
Shinjiro Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Membrane Disruption ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Fetal Intervention ◽  
Amniotic Band ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Amniotic Band Syndrome ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is uncommon. We review our single-institutional experience to define its natural history and outcomes. Materials andMethods: We conducted a retrospective analysis from a single, tertiary referral center of patients evaluated for and confirmed to have ABS from 1997 to 2012. Results: Twenty-eight patients had confirmed ABS. The mean ± SD maternal age was 27.9 ± 5.9 years, and the mean gestational age at diagnosis was 20.7 ± 3.8 months. Oligohydramnios was reported in 4 patients. Eleven patients had membrane disruption, of whom 4 had undergone a prior percutaneous intervention. Extremities were the most common site affected (n = 20), followed by the umbilical cord (n = 7), abdomen (n = 5), limb-body wall complex (n = 5), head (n = 1), and chest (n = 1). Nine patients were felt to be candidates for fetal intervention; 5 underwent fetoscopic amniotic band lysis with 4 survivors. Overall survival, excluding 3 terminations, was 74%. There were 5 fetal demises and one neonatal death. Cord involvement was higher in nonsurvivors (67%) compared to survivors (19%, p = 0.05). Discussion: ABS most commonly involves the extremities. Membrane disruption is not always present. Fetoscopic lysis is appropriate for select patients, and special consideration should be given for cord involvement, which is associated with a worse outcome.

scholarly journals Tinnitus and Headache

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
Verena Hund ◽  
Volker Busch ◽  
Tim P. Jürgens ◽  
Jose-Miguel Lainez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Tinnitus Severity ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Estimate Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Background. Tinnitus and headache are frequent disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the occurrence of headache among tinnitus patients is purely coincidental or whether tinnitus and headache are pathophysiologically linked. We investigated a large sample of patients with tinnitus and headache to estimate prevalence rates of different headache forms, to determine the relationship between tinnitus laterality and headache laterality, and to explore the relationship between tinnitus and headache over time.Method. Patients who presented at a tertiary referral center because of tinnitus and reported comorbid headache were asked to complete validated questionnaires to determine the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache and to assess tinnitus severity. In addition, several questions about the relationship between headache and tinnitus were asked.Results. Datasets of 193 patients with tinnitus and headache were analysed. 44.6% suffered from migraine, 13% from tension-type headache, and 5.7% from both. Headache laterality was significantly related to tinnitus laterality and in the majority of patients fluctuations in symptom severity of tinnitus and headache were interrelated.Conclusion. These findings suggest a significant relationship between tinnitus and headache laterality and symptom interaction over time and argue against a purely coincidental cooccurrence of tinnitus and headache. Both disorders may be linked by common pathophysiological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Middle Ear Packing and External Ear Packing with Fibrin Glue Enhances the Success of Fat Myringoplasty without Hyaluronic Acid Disc

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongmin Kim ◽  
Chul Ho Jang
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Closure Rate ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: To date, FM using middle ear packing has rarely reported. In this study, we hypothesized that middle ear packing with dexamethasone soaked gelfoam and fibrin glue over the fat graft could promote the success rate of TMP closure regardless of perforation size. Methods: Between January 2005 and July 2020, a total of 209 patients who underwent fat myringoplasty due to chronic TMP at tertiary referral center were encountered and analyzed. The success rate and audiologic outcome was analyzed. Results: The mean successful TM closure rate was 88.0 %. The success rate by different age generation was not significant difference. The size of the perforation grade showed no significant difference. The perforation site by anterior or posterior was not significant. The preoperative mean threshold of AC, BC and ABG were 55.71, 12.98 and 42.73 dB respectively. The postoperative mean threshold of AC, BC and ABG were 23.67, 12.98 and 10.69 dB. The change of preoperative and postoperative hearing showed statistically significant. Conclusion: From our results, the simple trimming of the perforation edge and middle ear packing with external ear canal packing using fibrin glue induced the stable adhesion between the remnant TM and the fat graft.

The effect of migraine and motion sickness on symptoms evoked by the caloric vestibular test

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ozlem Gedik Soyuyuce ◽  
Pinar Yalinay Dikmen ◽  
Nazim Korkut
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The caloric vestibular test (CVT) may evoke headache and vestibular symptoms in susceptible people. Patients with migraines have higher susceptibility to motion sickness. In migraines, impaired habituation to repetitive stimuli is a well-known interictal abnormality. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at evaluating CVT-evoked headache, nausea, vomiting, and imbalance in patients with and without migraine and/or motion sickness. METHODS: A retrospective data analysis was performed on 554 patients with a complaint of dizziness who underwent bithermal CVT at a tertiary referral center. The occurrences of CVT-evoked headache, nausea, vomiting, and imbalance were observed in four groups: patients with only migraine (MG; n = 94), those with only motion sickness (MSG; n = 89), those with migraine and motion sickness (MMSG; n = 122), and those without migraine and motion sickness (non-MMSG; n = 146). The differences between the groups were assessed. RESULTS: The mean ages of groups were similar (p = 0.534). The proportions of females were higher in the MG, MSG, and MMSG (p = 0.001). The severity of nausea and headache for each gender was higher in the MG, MSG, and MMSG (p <  0.001). Vomiting was more common in MMSG among males (p = 0.003), while there was no difference between groups among females (p = 0.099). Imbalance was more common in MMSG among females (p <  0.001). A relationship was detected between age and imbalance (p <  0.001), where an increased risk for imbalance was evident with greater age. Three patients in the MMSG needed hospitalization after CVT. CONCLUSIONS: Special caution is needed when performing caloric testing for patients with migraines or MS since CVT-evoked symptoms may occur with higher incidence and intensity, which might be related to a lack of habituation in neuronal information processing after robust sensory stimuli like CVT.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Corruption and Economic Growth as a Social Issue: A Case Study on Turkey

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe Algan ◽  
Başak Gül Aktakas ◽  
İpek Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
High School ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Education Level ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between corruption and economic growth by taking the driving force of education into account. A significant contribution of the education level to the reduction process of corruption is expected to occur. For this reason, the number of those who are convicted of corruption offenses depending on their educational status for Turkey are to be taken into account, whereas the effect of education being a separate variable on growth and corruption will not be considered. In this regard, Vector Error Correction (VECM) model will be used as a method for the years between 1980-2011 and the relationship between corruption and economic growth will be analyzed. The contribution of the study to the literature is to reveal the impact of those who cause corruption depending on their education level on growth by undertaking the education levels separately. According to the empirical findings, considering corruption convicts who are literate but not graduated from a school and those having graduated from primary and secondary education, it was observed that corruption affects growth in a negative way. In contrast, given the corruption crimes which were committed by the graduates of both high school and vocational school at high school level and higher education, it was determined that there is a positive relationship between corruption and economic growth.

scholarly journals Is systematic screening for thyroid disorders indicated in subfertile men?

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Poppe ◽  
D Glinoer ◽  
H Tournaye ◽  
U Maniewski ◽  
P Haentjens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Group 1

Context: Data on the prevalence of thyroid disorders in male subfertility remain scarce. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity in men with normal and abnormal semen characteristics. Setting: Tertiary referral center for reproductive medicine of the University Hospital AZ-VUB, Brussels, Belgium. Patients and design: Two hundred and ninety-two men were stratified according to the presence of normal (group 1; n = 39) or abnormal (group 2; n = 253) semen characteristics. Thyroid function was assessed by serum thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) for thyroid autoimmunity (TAI or TPO-Ab > 34 kU/l); both were correlated with semen characteristics. Main outcome measures: Semen characteristics were determined by World Health Organisation criteria (rapid + slow motility ≥ 50% and concentration ≥ 20 × 106) and Kruger criteria (morphology ≥ 14% normal cells). Results: In group 1, the mean (± s.d.) age was 33 ± 4 years; serum TSH was 1.6 (0.3–29.6) mU/l (median (range)) and FT4 was 12.2 (8.8–15.6) ng/l. In group 2, the mean age was 33 ± 5 years, serum TSH was 1.3 (0.3–5.2) mU/l and FT4 was 12.5 (8.4–17.5) ng/l; (compared with group 1 P = 0.008 for TSH and P = 0.037 for FT4). In both groups, one patient had increased TSH (2.6% and 0.4%; P = not significant (ns)). In group 1, one patient had TAI and in group 2 twelve patients had TAI (2.6% compared with 4.7%; P = ns). FT4 was an independent determinant for semen characteristics. Conclusions: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity is comparable between men with normal and abnormal semen characteristics. On the basis of these data, we do not advise systematic screening for thyroid disorders in subfertile men consulting a tertiary referral center for reproductive medicine.

Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherian K Kandathil ◽  
Mikhail Saltychev ◽  
Mohamed Abdelwahab ◽  
Emily A Spataro ◽  
Sami P Moubayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Minimal Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
O 18 ◽  
Preoperative Score

AbstractBackgroundThe minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) has not been determined.ObjectivesThe authors sought to define the MCID for both domains of the SCHNOS questionnaire.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included patients who underwent functional, cosmetic, or combined rhinoplasty operation from June 2017 to June 2018 at a tertiary referral center. The average preoperative, postoperative, and change in scores were calculated for the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation scale (NOSE) and SCHNOS. Anchor-based MCIDs were estimated for both SCHNOS subscales to define change in obstruction and cosmesis perceived after the rhinoplasty.ResultsEighty-seven patients (69% women, 31% males) with a mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of 38 years (14.7) at the time of surgery were included. The mean postoperative follow-up period (SD) was 145 days (117). The mean preoperative score (SD) for the NOSE was 52 (32), SCHNOS for nasal obstruction (SCHNOS-O) score was 55 (33), and SCHNOS for nasal cosmesis (SCHNOS-C) score was 50 (26) points. Postoperatively, the NOSE score was 23 (22), SCHNOS-O score was 24 (23), and SCHNOS-C score was 13 (18) points. The mean change in scores (SD) for NOSE, SCHNOS-O, and SCHNOS-C was −29 (37), −31 (38), and −37 (28), respectively. The calculated MCID for SCHNOS-O was 26 (16) and for SCHNOS-C was 22 (15) points. The MCID for NOSE was 24 (13) points. A sensitivity test for the patients with a follow-up ≥3 months showed only slightly different MCID estimates: 28 (17) for SCHNOS-O, 18 (13) for SCHNOS-C, and 24 (15) points for NOSE.ConclusionsFor the obstruction domain SCHNOS-O, the MCID was 28 points. For the cosmetic domain SCHNOS-C, the MCID was 18 points.

scholarly journals Ocular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a paradigm shift based on the experience of a tertiary referral center

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Dias-Santos ◽  
J Tavares Ferreira ◽  
S Pinheiro ◽  
J P Cunha ◽  
M Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
The Mean

Objective To evaluate ocular involvement in a cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients of a tertiary referral center and to compare the results with the existing literature. Methods Patients underwent a complete ophthalmological evaluation, including visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fluorescein staining, Schirmer-I test, Goldmann applanation tonometry, fundoscopy, 10-2 automated threshold visual fields, fundus autofluorescence and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography to screen for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) macular toxicity. Results A total of 161 patients (16 men and 145 women) were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 47.6 years and the mean disease duration was 11.5 years. Fifty patients (31.1%) had at least one ocular manifestation of SLE. The most frequent manifestation was dry eye syndrome (12.4%), immediately followed by cataracts (11.2%) and HCQ macular toxicity (11.2%). Among patients with HCQ maculopathy, two presented with an atypical spectral-domain optical coherence tomography pattern. Five patients (3.1%) presented with glaucoma, two patients (1.2%) presented with SLE retinopathy while only one presented with lupus choroidopathy (0.6%). Conclusions Compared with previous studies, we conclude there has been a significant reduction in disease-related ocular complications, particularly those associated with poor systemic disease control. On the other hand, drug and age-related complications are assuming a prominent role in the ophthalmic care of these patients.

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Causes of Vision Loss in Patients with Ocular Toxoplasmosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas J.S. London ◽  
Anna Hovakimyan ◽  
Leo D.P. Cubillan ◽  
Carlos D. Siverio ◽  
Emmett T. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Active Disease

Purpose. To describe the prevalence, demographics, clinical features, and contributors to vision loss at presentation in a large cohort of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis seen at a tertiary referral center in northern California. Methods. A retrospective review of the charts of 233 patients with ocular toxoplasmosis examined over 24 years. Results. Ocular toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in 233 (8.4%) of 2761 patients with uveitis. The mean age at presentation was 27.2 years. Patients with ocular toxoplasmosis were more likely to be young (p<0.01), male (p<0.001), and Latino (p<0.001) as compared with patients in the entire uveitis cohort. At presentation, 159 patients (68.2%) had active disease, which was unilateral in all but one. Among the 160 eyes with active disease, 145 (90.6%) presented with a focal retinochoroiditis, 57.2% of which had an adjacent retinochoroidal scar. Atypical presentations occurred in 11 patients (6.9%). Of eyes with active disease, the main contributors to vision loss at presentation were intraocular inflammation (74.8%) and macular involvement (24.3%), whereas in eyes with inactive lesions the main contributors to vision loss were macular scar formation (67.9%) and amblyopia (11.3%). Younger age was the single significant predictor of macular involvement. Conclusions. Ocular toxoplasmosis is a common cause of uveitis. Our patients were more likely than general uveitis patients to be young, male, and Latino, often having emigrated from Mexico or Central or South America. The most common contributors to decreased vision in eyes with active lesions were inflammation and macular involvement, whereas in eyes with inactive lesions they were macular scar formation and amblyopia.

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