Dimethyl Sulfoxide Increases the Survival of Primarily Ischemic Island Skin Flaps

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilsa Schwartz ◽  
Robert J. Carpenter ◽  
Michael F. Angel ◽  
Raymond F. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Flap Survival ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3

There is ample evidence of the involvement of free radicals in mediating skin flap necrosis. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a well-tolerated, safe drug that is a powerful scavenger of the hydroxyl free radical. The current study investigated the effect of DMSO on the survival of 9 × 4 cm skin flaps based on the epigastric vessels subjected to primary venous occlusion. Forty-seven skin flaps were elevated and the epigastric vein was occluded by a microvascular clamp for 8 hours. Group 1 received DMSO (1.5 gm/kg) intraperitoneally at reperfusion. Group 2 received saline solution, group 3 received DMSO at reperfusion and every day for 5 days, group 4 received DMSO preoperatively and then as in group 3, and group 5 was the saline solution control for groups 3 and 4. DMSO did not increase percent flap survival when given as a single dose at reperfusion (40.6% ± 42.7%) compared with saline solution (33.7% ± 41.2%). When DMSO was continued in the postoperative period, group 3 (86.2% ± 25.8%) and group 4 (78.0% ± 32.5%) had significantly better survival than the saline solution control group (32.6% ± 39.8%) ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.03, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups 3 and 4. DMSO administered at reperfusion and postoperatively for 5 days significantly increased flap survival. It is hypothesized that this occurs through scavenging deleterious free radical species. This effect may have clinical significance.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain intensity after single-visit and multiple-visit retreatment cases: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Miray Uyan ◽  
Keziban Olcay ◽  
Mutlu Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Multiple Visit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> This study was designed to evaluate postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Asymptomatic, multi-rooted molar &amp; premolar teeth requiring retreatment with 2–5 mm periapical lesions were included. Seventy-eight teeth were randomly placed in four groups (n=20): single-visit (control, group 1), Ledermix (group 2), metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, minocycline mixture (group 3), calcium hydroxide (group 4). The postoperative pain was recorded using a VAS at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after retreatment. Statistical evaluation was performed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey test. <strong>Results:</strong> Mild pain occurred in 67.5%, moderate in 30%, and flare-ups in 2.5%, and there was a significant difference between the groups (p&lt;0.01). Significantly lower postoperative pain was observed in TAP and CaOH<sub>2 </sub>groups(p&lt;0.05). In the 6, 12, and 24 h intervals, there was a significant difference in the pain levels (p&lt;0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> TAP and CaOH<sub>2</sub> are effective for reducing postoperative pain after retreatment.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Intracanal medicaments; Multiple-visit; Postoperative pain; Retreatment; Single-visit.</p>

Efficacy of Double Manual Cleaning Versus Automated Cleaning for Removal of Biofilm of Hinged Surgical Instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s518-s519
Author(s):  
Dayane Costa ◽  
Roel Castillo ◽  
Lillian Kelly Lopes ◽  
Anaclara Tipple ◽  
Honghua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Level ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of double manual cleaning (DMC) with enzymatic followed by alkaline detergent for removing biofilm on hinged surgical instruments compared to automated cleaning by the washer-disinfector. Methods: Biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was formed in vitro on hemostatic forceps (Fig. 1). Biofilm-covered forceps were rinsed in distilled water and subjected to one of the following cleaning regimes (n = 5 forceps each): Group 1 forceps were soaked in sterile water for 5 minutes. Group 2-DMC forceps were soaked in enzymatic detergent, brushed 5 times on each face, rinsed with filtrated water (0.2 µm), soaked in alkaline detergent, brushed 5 times each face, rinsed with filtrated water (0.2 µm), and dried with sterile cloth. For group 3-DMC plus hinge inner brushing (n = 5), the forceps were soaked in detergents and brushed as in group 2, including hinge inner brushing (2-mm lumen brush) (Fig. 1). In group 4 (automated cleaning in a washer/disinfector), forceps were prewashed, washed once, washed again, rinsed, thermally rinsed, and dried. After the treatments, forceps were evaluated for microbial load (counting of colony-forming units), residual protein (BCA protein assay kit), and biofilm (scanning electron microscopy). Results: There was no statistically significant differences between the microbial load and protein level contaminating the forceps subjected to DMC (group 2) and the positive control group. The DMC with hinge inner brushing group (group 3) and the automated cleaning group (group 4) demonstrated a significantly reduced microbial load: reduction averages of 2.8 log 10 (P = .038) and 7.6 log10 (P ≤ .001), respectively. The protein level remaining on the forceps also significantly decreased: 2.563 μg (P = .016) and 1,453 μg (P = .001), respectively, compared to the positive control group. There was no statistically significant difference between DMC with hinge inner brushing and automated cleaning (groups 3 and 4) for all of the tests performed. None of the cleaning methods completely removed biofilm and/or soil from the forceps hinge internal region (Fig. 1). Conclusions: Automated cleaning had the best efficacy for removing biofilm. However, DMC with hinge inner brushing was an acceptable alternative cleaning method for sterilizing service units with only manual cleaning available, as is the case in most low- and middle-income countries. Neither automated nor any manual cleaning regimes were able to completely remove biofilm and soil from the forceps hinged area, and the amount of protein left after automated and DMC plus hinge brushing was higher than the recommended. Cleaning is the most important step for the reprocessing of reusable medical devices; thus, efforts must be undertaken to improve cleaning in different social and economic realities and scenarios.Funding: This study was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES.Disclosures: None

scholarly journals Effect of Different Finishing and Polishing Methods for Color Stability of the E-Max Dental Ceramics: In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1508-1513
Author(s):  
Ibraheem F Alshiddi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In order to assess the influence of finishing and polishing on the surface brightness and color stability of the ceramic veneer, fifty specimens were fabricated with 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness using IPS E-Max Ceramic. After glazing, 10 specimens were untouched as control group, and the other 40 specimens were abraded using 125µm diamond bur to create surface roughness. Forty specimens were divided into four groups (n=10), in group 1: specimens were finished using diamond point, in group 2 specimens’ surface was polished with a polishing kit, Group 3: Each specimen surface was polished with the polishing kit as in protocol 2 and was polished a polishing past and group 4 Each specimen was glazed by heating at 621℃ for 3 minutes followed by a temperature increase of 83℃/min up to 918℃ for 30 seconds. Color measurement was performed using spectrophotometer. Color stability data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (α=0.05). For Ra values, paired-samples t-tests were used to analyze the data and compare groups. The change in L and E showed a significant difference among the study groups; (group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4) with respect to three variables L, a and b. A significant difference was noted when compared each group with the control; however, only group 2 showed a significant difference from group 4; the remaining groups demonstrated similar findings for all three variables. The study displayed a significant impact of the finishing and polishing technique on the surface brightness and color stability of ceramic restoration. However, it was evident that combination of two or three polishing techniques which includes polish kit and glaze enhances the surface finish and adds color stability by alternating the yellow – blue axis (increase in b) and red- green axis (decrease in a).

scholarly journals Protection of Renal Function ByHyperbaric OxygenDuring Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Prawesty Diah Utami ◽  
Herin Setianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
High Level

Background:Malaria cases have consistently increased and the number of deaths remains largely unchanged.Malaria associated renal injury has a high level of morbidity and mortality. High level of blood urea nitrogen / BUN and plasma creatinine is one of the major factors associated with mortality in humans infected with malaria, indicating that impairment of renal function. HBO is widely used as an adjunctive therapy for many diseases, it is known that HBO hasan action as antiplasmodium, antiinflammation and antioxidant effects. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HBO on BUN and creatinine levels in rats infected with P. berghei ANKA. Methods:This research was conducted experimentally post-test only control group on six groups of rats. The samples used were 24 male Rattus norvegicus wistar strain that have been infected by Plasmodium bergheiANKA and divided into 6 groups. Group 1 was given combination artesunate and 1, 5 ATA HBO, grup 2 was given combination artesunate and 3, 0 ATA HBO, group 3 was given 1, 5 ATA HBO, group 4 was given 3, 0 ATA HBO, group 5 was given artesunate and group 6 was given aquadest. HBO therapy is carried out for 10 days and the observation of the levels of BUN and creatinine in mice after treatment on tenth day. Results:Descriptive analysis and statistical analysis (Kruskal wallis snd Mann whitney U posthoc) showed a significant difference (p < α = 0.05) on mean levels of BUN and creatinine group receiving combination of artesunate and HBO 3,0 ATA compared to other groups.Hyperbaric oxygen has the effect of reducing the levels of BUN and creatinine in rats infected by P.berghei ANKA.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TRACHEAL DIVERTICULUM AND CHRONIC OSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE ON CHEST ANTHROPOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine ARGALI DENIZ ◽  
Hilal ER ULUBABA ◽  
M. Furkan ARPACI ◽  
Fatih CAVUS ◽  
Gokhan DEMIRTAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Tracheal Diverticulum ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: In this study, the effect of tracheal diverticula (TD) on chest anthropometry and its relation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was evaluated. Method: Between January 2019 and March 2020, 995 patients who underwent chest CT were retrospectively analyzed and TD was detected in 31 cases. Group 1 is only TD, Group 2 is TD + COPD, Group 3 is only COPD, Group 4 is defined as control group. We measured the localization, size, the distance to carina and vocal cord of TDs. In all groups chest diameters at T4 and T9 levels were measured as transverse and vertical plans. Results: TDs detected mostly at the T2 and T3 levels. In Group 1 and Group 2, there was a statistically significant difference the distance to TD of vocal chords. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 3 only in the vertical diameter at the T4 and T9 levels. Conclusion: We observed that COPD effect TD location and also TD had opposite effect on anteroposteriorly increasing chest parameters in COPD. Precence of TD is essential on COPD patients about thorax anthropometry. Keywords: Tracheal diverticulum; antropometry; radiology; COPD; chest diameter

scholarly journals In vivo microbiological evaluation of the effect of biomechanical preparation of root canals using different irrigating solutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Tanomaru Filho ◽  
José Carlos Yamashita ◽  
Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽  
Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of biomechanical preparation using different irrigating solutions. Seventy-eight root canals from premolars of four dogs were used. After experimental induction of periapical lesions, the root canals were prepared using the following solutions for irrigation: Group 1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); Group 2) 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); Group 3) saline solution and Group 4) control group with no biomechanical preparation. The microbiological evaluation of the root canals was performed by counting the colony forming units (CFUs) using different culture mediums. Two absorbent paper cones were used in each root canal in order to collect the microbiological samples before, and thirty days after the biomechanical preparation. The culture plates were incubated in aerobic, anaerobic and microaerophilic environment. Statistical evaluation was carried out using analysis of variance, Tukey and Student tests. The results demonstrated that there was reduction in the number of microorganisms in the NaOCl and CHX groups (p<0.05). There was greater effectiveness in the chlorhexidine group. The group that used saline solution and the control group presented an increased number of microorganisms. It can be concluded that the use of antimicrobial irrigating solutions during biomechanical preparation promotes the reduction of endodontic microbiota. However, a considerable number of microorganisms were still observed.

scholarly journals Effect of en bloc ovariohysterectomy on Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and organ histopathology in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Ali Risvanli ◽  
Necati Timurkaan ◽  
Nevzat Saat ◽  
Halef Dogan ◽  
Ibrahim Seker
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Th2 Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of en bloc ovariohysterectomy on the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, as well as on visceral organ and brain histopathology in rats. A total of 28 Sprague Dawley female rats aged 3-4 months and weighing 200-250 grams were used in the study. Fourteen of them were pregnant. The 14 non-pregnant rats were divided into two groups: the control group (Group 1, n:7) and the ovariohysterectomized group (Group 2, n:7). All rats underwent en bloc ovariohysterectomy on gestational day 20-21. The 14 pregnant rats were divided into two groups: those with live infants were grouped as Group 3 and those with dead infants were grouped as Group 4. All the rats (n: 28) were decapitated at the end of one month, blood samples were obtained, and the organs were isolated. The Th1 [interleukin 2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)] and Th2 [interleukin 4 (IL-4), and interleukin 10 (IL-10)] levels in the blood sera were measured by the ELISA method, and histopathological analysis was performed on the isolated tissues. The differences between the groups were found to be insignificant with regard to IL–2, IL–4, and TNFα levels (p>0.05). However, a significant difference was observed for IL-10 levels between Groups 3 and 4 (p<0.05), and the highest IL-10 level (150.32 ±71.64 pg/ml) was determined in Group 4. No important pathological findings were observed in the cardiac and brain tissues of any of the animals in the histopathological examination. Inflammatory changes were observed in the pulmonary and renal tissues of the rats in Groups 2, 3, and 4, where the changes were commonly interstitial pneumonia in Groups 2 and 4, and interstitial nephritis in Group 3. According to the findings of this study, en bloc and standard ovariohysterectomies performed in rats had similar effects on the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and the histopathology of the brain and visceral organs

scholarly journals Effect of different post-cure polymerization treatment on composite resin hardness

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Ariani Rodrigues DIMER ◽  
Guilherme Anziliero AROSSI ◽  
Leonardo Haerter dos SANTOS ◽  
Diego Rafael KAPPAUN
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Vickers Hardness Test ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To evaluate the influence of different additional polymerization methods on the microhardness of two direct composite resins. Methods: Direct Composite resins samples (Fill Magic and Opallis) and a Laboratory Composite Resin (Ceramage) were lightcured according to manufacturer instructions. Then, the direct resins were submitted to additional polymerization. Experimental groups were divided into (n = 5): group 1: Conventional Polymerization; group 2: Extra Light (80s); group 3: Autoclave; group 4: Laboratory Resin Ceramage. Vickers hardness test was carried out after a week of light-free storage in water, and results were subjected to ANOVA / Tukey statistical analysis. Results: Resin Lab Ceramage showed higher astatistically significant microhardness within all other resins in this study (p £ 0.05); Fill Magic showed no statistically significant difference between the groups tested compared to its control (p> 0.05); Opallis resin submitted to autoclave was the only method that showed a higher statistically significant difference compared to the control group (p £ 0.05). Conclusion: It concludes that hardness of a direct composite resin tested - Opallis - was increased by Autoclave post-cure polymerization, however, not enough to achieve the hardness of a laboratory composite. Furthermore, increasing lightcuring time does not produce a harder surface.

scholarly journals Saliva Contamination Effect on Shear Bond Strength of Self-etching Primer with Different Debond Times

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Turk ◽  
Selma Elekdag-Turk ◽  
Devrim Isci ◽  
Fethiye Cakmak ◽  
Nurhat Ozkalayci
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Contamination Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Saliva Contamination ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: To evaluate shear bond strengths (SBSs) of a self-etching primer (SEP) following saliva contamination at different stages of bonding at debond times of 5, 15, and 30 minutes and 24 hours. Materials and Methods: Two-hundred forty human premolars were divided into four groups: group 1, uncontaminated; group 2, saliva contamination after priming; group 3, saliva contamination before priming; and group 4, saliva contamination before and after priming. Four subgroups according to debond times of 5, 15, 30 minutes and 24 hours were composed. Metal brackets were bonded with an SEP (Transbond Plus) and light-cure adhesives paste (Transbond XT). SBS values and the adhesive remnants were determined. Results: The highest SBS was obtained at a debond time of 24 hours for the control group. This was significantly different from the other groups. SBSs at 5, 15, and 30 minutes showed no significant difference from each other in the control group (P &gt; .05). Lowest SBSs were obtained at a debond time of 5 minutes for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 (8.38, 7.10, 7.06, and 6.26 MPa, respectively) and were not significantly different from each other (P &gt; .05). SBSs at 24 hours were not significantly different from each other for groups 2, 3, and 4 (P &gt; .05). Significant differences were found in the adhesive remnant (P &lt; .001). Conclusions: SEP (Transbond Plus) may produce clinically acceptable bracket bonding after 5, 15, and 30 minutes from time of placement on the teeth, even with light and heavy saliva contamination.

scholarly journals Influence of Storage Temperature on Orthodontic Elastics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Piradhiba ◽  
Evan A Clement ◽  
Navaneetha Nambi ◽  
S Veerasankar ◽  
S Madhumitra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximum Elongation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Orthodontic elastics are a very significant tool in orthodontics, as it is the most commonly used force delivering unit. Temperature plays a key role in the amount of force that elastics are able to produce. Hence, there is a need to evaluate the influence of storage temperature on the properties of orthodontic elastics before its clinical use. Aim: To evaluate the influence of different storage temperature of latex orthodontic elastics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, in November 2019. Sample of 40 latex orthodontic elastics (TP Orthodontics, medium force, standard size of 3/16′′) were divided into four groups with 10 elastics each, based on their storage temperature and stored in closed plastic packages. Group 1 was kept as a Control group and Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 were stored in three Incubators under the specified storage temperatures such as 26-28°C, 4-8°C, 37°C respectively. The elastics were stretched and their forces measured in six progressive increases of 100% of their inner diameter, starting at a level of 100% stretching, with the Universal Testing Machine, Instron. The samples were also tested for Maximum Stress (MPa), Maximum Force (N), Maximum Elongation (%) and Break Distance (mm). Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 16.0, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc test. Results: On evaluating the stress at 100%, 200%, 300%, 400%, 500%, 600% of strain, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Maximum Stress MPa was found to be 24.12±3.32, 25.12±3.42, 23.3±3.41, 23.97±3.50 for group1, group 2, group 3 and group 4 respectively. Maximum Elongation (%) was found to be 1369.0±25.108, 1364.0±23.190, 1359.0±35.103, 1363.0±34.657 for group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4, respectively. Break Distance (mm) was found to be 68.48±1.267, 68.28±1.267, 67.87±1.77 and 68.19±1.727 for group1, group 2, group 3 and group 4, respectively. And none of the parameters tested showed statistical significance between the four groups. Conclusion: Latex elastics may be stored under any of the conditions tested in the present study over a period of one month, since different storage temperatures over a period of one month did not interfere in their mechanical properties.

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