Revisiting Conceptual Issues in the Measurement of Aggressive Behavior

Primary among the issues in the study of school-age children with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) is the prediction and control of aggressive behavior. Definitional and conceptual problems in measurement have limited our ability to identify and describe classroom conditions that predict occurrences of aggression. In this paper, we revisit briefly a number of issues in the direct measurement of classroom aggression including low base rates, interactional sequences, and reliability.

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The effect of task complexity on handwriting kinetics

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/0008417419832327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 158-168

Author(s):

Yu-Chen Lin ◽

Yen-Li Chao ◽

Chieh-Hsiang Hsu ◽

Hsiao-Man Hsu ◽

Po-Tsun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Task Complexity ◽

Age Groups ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Writing Performance ◽

Force Ratio ◽

The Difference ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

And Control

Background. Knowledge regarding the relationship between writing kinetics and the difference among writing tasks is limited. Purpose. This study examined the differences in handwriting performance when doing tasks with different levels of challenge from both temporal and kinetic perspectives among children in four different age groups. Method. The cross-sectional design introduced a force-acquisition pen to detect differences of pen grip and writing kinetics among 170 school-age children doing writing tasks at different difficulty levels. Data were obtained on the force information of the digits and pen tip and the kinetic parameters to examine the coordination-and-control mechanism between the digits and pen. Statistical analyzes were carried out to indicate the differences in writing performance among groups and tasks. Findings. Statistical differences in the pen-grip forces, force fluctuation, and force ratio between grip and pen-tip forces were found when performing different writing tasks and among different age groups. Implications. The study provides an alternative method to explore how writing performance among school-age children can vary according to the difficulty of the writing tasks.

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Influence of Therapeutic Play on the anxiety of hospitalized school-age children: Clinical trial

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0353 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 1244-1249 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sabrina Gisele Tobias da Silva ◽

Maiara Aurichio Santos ◽

Claudia Maria de Freitas Floriano ◽

Elaine Buchhorn Cintra Damião ◽

Fernanda Vieira de Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

School Age Children ◽

Control Group ◽

School Age ◽

Chi Square ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Therapeutic Play ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of Dramatic Therapeutic Play (DTP) technique on the degree of anxiety in hospitalized school-age children. Method: Randomized clinical trial performed in two hospitals ofSão Paulo, between May and October 2015. The intervention consisted of the application of DTP and the outcome was evaluated through the Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) instrument. The Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney, Corrected t, Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests were used in the analysis. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: In all, 28 children participated in the study. The majority of children (75%) had a low anxiety score, with a mean CD: H score of 73.9 and 69.4 in the intervention and control groups respectively, and with no significant difference. Conclusion: Children submitted to DTP had the same degree of anxiety as those in the control group. However, it is suggested that new studies be performed with a larger number of children in different hospitalization scenarios.

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A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminthes Infection and Stunting Among School-aged Children in Ibadan

10.1101/2020.01.16.908848 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A. G. Ibrahim ◽

M.K. Tijani ◽

R. I. Nwuba

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

And Control

AbstractBackgroundIn developing countries, infections caused by soil-transmitted helminthes (STH), such as Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm, pose major public health problems among the school-age children, resulting in impaired physical growth such as stunting and thinness, and cognitive development. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of STH infections, stunting and thinness, and risk factors among school-age-children in Ibadan. This becomes highly imperative in order to serve as a guide on the prevention and control.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria, between May and November 2018. All the school-age-children between the ages 5 and 18 years old (mean 10.4 ± 1.7 years), from primary one to six took part in the study. Demographic data were obtained and STH infections was analysed in single-stool samples by Kato-Katz. Anthropometric parameters were taken to calculate Height for-age Z score (HAZ) and Body-Mass-Index (BMI) for-age Z score (BAZ), in order to determine among school-aged-children stunting and thinness respectively.ResultsIn overall, 458 school-age-children partook in the study. The prevalence of STH was 9.0%, out of which 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively. The overall prevalence obtained revealed that the results of stunting and thinness (HAZ < -2SD, BAZ < -2SD) were 24.7% and 27.3% respectively based on the WHO Child Growth Standards (2007). Notably, ages of the children (P< 0.01), their classes (P=0.05), different schools (P=0.003), washing of hands after toileting (P = 0.05) were important risk factors determining STH infection, HAZ and BAZ.ConclusionThe study showed that specific risk factors among school children in the studied area will make them vulnerable with high risk of STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. Effective prevention and control strategies can be well planned when risk factors and dynamics of transmission in vulnerable groups have been painstakingly identified.SummaryAscaris, Trichuris and hookworm are responsible for major public health problems among the school-age children (SAC); this has led to stunting and thinness, and impaired cognitive development. With the aim to determine prevalence of STH infections, stunting, thinness and associated risk factors, a cross-sectional study of STH infection in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria was conducted in 2018. School-aged children between the ages of 5 and 18 were enrolled, demographic data, stool samples and anthropometric parameters were obtained in order to determine STH infection and nutritional status. 9.0% was the prevalence of STH, the prevalence of 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively, while 24.7% and 27.3% were obtained for stunting and thinness respectively. The children’s age, hand washing after toileting and locations of the different schools were significantly correlated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. This study is highly imperative because its shows some risk factors associated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ among SAC, this can serve as a guide on the prevention and control among SAC.

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Handling Physical Problems among Students with Behavioral Disorders

Behavioral Disorders ◽

10.1177/019874298200700303 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 157-162

Author(s):

Dennis R. Knapczyk

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Disorders ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Instructional Efficiency ◽

Behaviorally Disordered ◽

Physical Problems

Some students exhibit behavioral disorders because of physical problems and not because of instructional problems. When this occurs, instructional efficiency can be reduced until the student receives the treatment he needs. Because physical problems among school-age children often go undetected, teachers working in programs for the behaviorally disordered must be prepared to identify and handle any physical problems which interfere with the instruction of their students.

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Infant Breastfeeding and Behavioral Disorders in School-Age Children

Breastfeeding Medicine ◽

10.1089/bfm.2018.0151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 115-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tingting Huang ◽

Yihuan Yue ◽

Hui Wang ◽

Jianshan Zheng ◽

Zhijian Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Disorders ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age

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English Pedagogy for Student with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders In An Inclusive School

Jurnal Perempuan dan Anak ◽

10.22219/jpa.v1i1.17507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 15-24

Author(s):

Laela Hikmah Nurbatra ◽

Desty Meidina Andhini

Keyword(s):

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Teaching Strategies ◽

Learning Process ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Emotional And Behavioral Disorders ◽

Negative Influence ◽

English Teacher ◽

Inclusive School ◽

Alternative Activities

Inclusive school is a public school that the student with special needs can be educated together with normal students. Expanding the potential that they have through the appropriate teaching strategies is crucial to implement, especially for the student with EBD. The student with EBD is a student that has aggressive behavior and substantial negative influence in the learning process. In accordance to that, the researcher wants to investigate (1) the teaching strategies used by the English teacher for the student with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD), (2) the implementation of teaching strategies used by the English teacher for the student with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD). Using qualitative method, the research involves one English teacher of SD Satu Atap Sumbersari 1 Malang Inclusive School. The instruments used were observation and interview. The current research revealed that there were three strategies used by the English teacher at SD Satu Atap Sumbersari 1 Malang Inclusive School. First, the teacher shows the interest towards students’ progress through communication to the student with EBD. Second, giving the student an understanding to have control for everything occurring in their life by giving the student with EBD punishment when break the rules. Third, conducting class activities relevant to students’ interest with alternative activities made by the English teacher.

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Low prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking pfhrp2/3 genes among asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1052497/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sabin Nundu ◽

Hiroaki Arima ◽

Shirley Simpson ◽

Ben-Yeddy Abel Chitama ◽

Yannick Bazitama Munyeku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Democratic Republic ◽

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Republic Of Congo ◽

Gene Deletions ◽

Low Prevalence ◽

And Control

Abstract Background. Loss of efficacy of malaria diagnostic tests may lead to untreated or mistreated cases, compromising case management and control. There is an increasing reliance on rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), with the most widely used of these targeting the Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 gene. There are numerous reports of the deletion of this gene in P. falciparum parasites in some populations, rendering them undetectable by PfHRP2 RDTs. We aimed to identify P. falciparum parasites lacking the P. falciparum histidine rich protein 2 and 3 genes isolated from asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods. We assessed the performance of PfHRP2-based RDTs in comparison to microscopy and PCR. PCR was then used to identify parasite isolates lacking pfhrp2/3 genes. Results. Of 462 DNA samples analysed, deletions of the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes were found in only three (2%) samples and one (1%) sample in the RDT positive subgroup, respectively. No parasites lacking the pfhrp2/3 genes were found in the RDT negative subgroup. Conclusion. Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions are uncommon in the surveyed population, and do not result in diagnostic failure. We encourage the use of rigorous PCR methods to identify pfhrp2/3 gene deletions in order to minimize the overestimation of their prevalence.

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A Peer-Led Pulse-based Nutrition Education Intervention Improved School-Aged Children’s Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP) and Nutritional Status in Southern Ethiopia

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v7n3p38 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Felegush Dargie ◽

Carol Jean Henry ◽

Hailu Hailemariam ◽

Nigatu Regassa Geda

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

T Test ◽

World Health ◽

School Age Children ◽

Education Intervention ◽

School Age ◽

Two Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background: Peer-led nutrition education intervention on promoting locally available pulses among school-aged children could be one strategy to overcome child malnutrition in poor communities. Objectives: This study was aimed at assessing the effect of a peer-led pulse nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude, practice of pulse consumption and nutritional status among 202 school children.Methods: School based randomized controlled trial was conducted among 202 (101 control and 101 cases). School age children were selected from the two groups using simple random sampling technique. Baseline data were collected from 1st May to 15th May, 2016. Six month peer led nutrition intervention was provided for the study subjects. Pre-test, post-test and anthropometric measurements (weight and height) were conducted at baseline and end of the intervention. Statistical tests such as independent two samples t-test were employed. World Health Organization (WHO) Anthrop Plus software version 1.0.4 was used to calculate anthropometric indices. Results: The mean diet diversity score was significantly (P<0.001) improved from 2.78 (0.96) to 3.60 (1.10) after a six month intervention in the intervention group. The independent two samples t-test showed significant differences (p<0.001) in knowledge, attitude and practice mean scores of school age children about pulse preparation and consumption. There was no significant difference in nutritional status: BAZ (p=0.774) and HAZ (p=0.516) of school age children between the intervention and control groups at baseline. Post-intervention showed significant (p=0.01) differences between intervention and control schools in BAZ mean score of the children which was reflected in significantly (P<0.001) decreased prevalence of thinnessConclusion: The study concluded that peer led education strategy provides an opportunity to reduce malnutrition and its impacts if properly designed, including the use of behavioural change mode.

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