Enterprise autonomy: Myths and realities

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sectoral Differences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Enterprises

Decision-making autonomy may be an important determinant of a business organization's performance. Yet, discussion on the subject has been very limited. Besides, the factors underlying variation in autonomy from one organization to another have not been identified. Lack of empirical studies has led to several stereotypes and myths about autonomy of business enterprises in various economic sectors. Based on questionnaire data and information from interviewing top level executives of enterprises in the public, the multinational and the private sectors in India, the paper identifies sectoral differences in autonomy, the multidimensionality of the concept of autonomy, and the situational determinants of autonomy.

scholarly journals Policing through the community in Nigeria: The missing link in security architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
Chris Ifeanyi Adebowale Oke ◽  
◽  
Frederick Braimah ◽  
Florence U. Masajuma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

This study examined policing through the community as a strategy of strengthening the security architecture of Nigeria. The study adopted a variety of theories such as citizen participation and the broken window to interrogate the subject matter. The study x-rayed some empirical studies on the perception of the Nigeria police by the public and also contextualized citizens’ participation on community policing to situate the effectiveness of policing through the community. The study found out that policing through the community will improve intelligence gathering capacity of the security agencies in its fight against criminality and insurgencies in Nigeria. The study recommends that the present structure of the police should be decentralized and also take measures to reinvent itself to change the negative perception of the public towards it.

scholarly journals Sustainability Indicators: Relevance, Public Policy Support and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Andre C. S. Batalhao ◽  
Denilson Teixeira ◽  
Maria de Fatima Martins ◽  
Hans Michael van Bellen ◽  
Adriana Cristina Ferreira Caldana
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Sustainability is a topic that has gained importance in several fields of knowledge, including the public, private and society spheres, based on the discussions that involve the definition of several public policies. Sustainability Indicators (SI) are metrics that seek to measure the level of sustainability and compile information for better decision-making concerning policies, programs, projects and actions related to sustainability. Demonstrated their relevance to public policies the SI appears as an essential tool for evaluating development goals as a sustainable proposal. In this way, this research aimed to discuss the main challenges and methodological limitations found in the use of SI, emphasizing the main fragilities identified in the literature. In methodological terms, the research has exploratory characteristics, supported by the mixed methods approach using a theoretical-empirical analysis, from the available literature on the subject and the methodologies used and the experience of researchers about the topic addressed. The main results demonstrated that Sustainability Indicators are tools that should be used to define, implement, evaluate and monitor public policies at all levels, considering the potentialities/weaknesses and priorities of each context.

scholarly journals Public agents of front line: the creator of administrative law

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Bonacorsi de Palma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Street Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats

<span>Abstract: The role of the front-line public agents in the implementation of the public policies created by the first-tier is the subject addressed by the author. From the notion of street-level bureaucrats, it seeks to identify the difficulties encountered by such public agents in decision-making and the need for standards that provide for institutes and administrative dynamics that in fact lead to more efficient, impersonal and guaranteeing public action to protect the well-intentioned front-line public agent to fully exercise the discretion he needs in case-by-case action.</span>

Prosecutorial supervision of certain types of criminal procedural activities carried out by employees of the penal system in pre-trial proceedings

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Марина Сергеевна Красильникова
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

Статья посвящена исследованию вопросов прокурорского надзора за деятельностью сотрудников подразделений исправительных учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы, осуществляющих прием, регистрацию сообщений о преступлениях, их проверку и принятие решения по результатам такой проверки. Установлен круг нормативно-правовых актов, регламентирующих порядок приема, регистрации, проверки и принятия решения по сообщениям о совершенном преступлении. Проанализированы правила, относящиеся к рассматриваемой деятельности прокурора, предмет прокурорского надзора в данной области. Подчеркивается необходимость соблюдения порядка обращения с сообщениями о преступлении со стороны сотрудников исправительных учреждений, а также важность размещения соответствующей информации в общем доступе для осужденных. Подробно рассмотрены этапы деятельности сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы, осуществляемой в связи с поступлением сообщения о преступлении, выделены проблемные аспекты, вызывающие сложности на практике, а также являющиеся предметами прокурорских проверок, результатом которых становятся акты прокурорского реагирования. The article is devoted to the study of issues of prosecutorial supervision over the activities of employees of correctional institutions of the penal system, carrying out reception, registration of reports of crimes, their verification and decision-making on the results of such an inspection. The article establishes a range of normative-legal acts regulating the procedure of reception, registration, verification and decision-making on reports of the committed crime. The rules relating to the activities of the Prosecutor, the subject of prosecutorial supervision in this area are analyzed. It emphasizes the need to respect the treatment of reports of crime by correctional officers, as well as the importance of placing relevant information in the public domain for convicts. The stages of the activities of the employees of the penal system carried out in connection with the receipt of a report on a crime are considered in detail, the problematic aspects causing difficulties in practice are highlighted, as well as being the subjects of Prosecutor's inspections, which result in acts of Prosecutor's response.

The Public and Decision-making Process: Who and Why Needs Citizen Participation?

2014 ◽  
pp. 63-80
Author(s):  
O. Bychkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
The Public ◽  
Time And Energy

The participation of the public in the decision-making and policy discussion is expected to allow the officials to re-valuate the proposed decisions, save money on their implementation and restore public trust in government. However, from the point of view of bureaucrats, direct participation is often unproductive: you are required to spend work time and energy on discussions with non-experts and have no means to predict the effectiveness and efficiency of these debates. The article considers theories and empirical studies that can explain a new fashion trend of openness and transparency in world’s public policy and problems with its implementation. The article also evaluates the applicability of republican tradition to modern policy-making and analyzes alternative mode of public involvement. Keywords : public policy, rule-making, open government, transparency, public participation.

scholarly journals Sources of financing the activities promoting sport and physical education on the basis of the example of Polish foundations and associations

Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-180
Author(s):  
Mariola Mamcarczyk ◽  
Paweł Zieniuk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
The Subject

SummaryAt present 177 thousand associations and 26 thousand foundations operate in Poland, which are involved in many different areas of public benefit activities and finance their activities from various sources. The paper presents the results of own studies carried out on a sample of 100 public benefit organisations conducting activity in the area of supporting and promoting physical education and sport. The main objective of the paper concerns presentation of the possibilities of acquiring funds by the organisations to carry out the statutory tasks associated with the development of sport and physical education and the structure of sources of financing this activity in practice of Polish foundations and associations. The paper analyses legal regulations and domestic and subject literature, presenting possible financing sources of activity of Polish organisations. The empirical studies were carried out based on analysis of the content of substantive reports of public benefit organisations. The verification of statistical hypotheses was carried out using the structure indicator test. The results of the conducted studies confirm the main hypothesis, according to which the public benefit organisations finance the activity promoting sport and physical education mainly from public sources, with the funds originating from the local government budgets playing the most important role. The paper also presents the results regarding the structure of the funds originating from private sources and the mechanism of 1% of personal income tax. The paper tackles the subject seldom discussed in the literature and can play a role in the discussion on the system of financing the public benefit activities given the dynamic development of non-government organisations sector.

RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN NIGERIA PUBLIC SECTOR: LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-422
Author(s):  
Isaiah OBOH, Hieu Minh VU, Chijioke NWACHUKWU
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
External Interference ◽  
The Public ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance

Lack of objectivity in the recruitment process could hamper viability, trust, and ease of doing business with the Nigerian public sector. This paper reviews literature on recruitment process and performance, particularly in the public sector. While empirical studies have revealed that, proper recruitment process can lead to the hiring of skilled employees and increase the performance of both employee and the organization. We observe that there are few empirically studies on the subject in the Nigerian public sector. The authors recommend that politicians, business leaders, religious and other elites, should allow, departments, agencies saddle with the responsibility of recruitment to do their job without internal or external interference.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

The Priority of Democracy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Knight ◽  
James Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Institutional Choice ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Pragmatism and its consequences are central issues in American politics today, yet scholars rarely examine in detail the relationship between pragmatism and politics. This book systematically explores the subject and makes a strong case for adopting a pragmatist approach to democratic politics—and for giving priority to democracy in the process of selecting and reforming political institutions. What is the primary value of democracy? When should we make decisions democratically and when should we rely on markets? And when should we accept the decisions of unelected officials, such as judges or bureaucrats? This book explores how a commitment to pragmatism should affect our answers to such important questions. It concludes that democracy is a good way of determining how these kinds of decisions should be made—even if what the democratic process determines is that not all decisions should be made democratically. So, for example, the democratically elected U.S. Congress may legitimately remove monetary policy from democratic decision-making by putting it under the control of the Federal Reserve. This book argues that pragmatism offers an original and compelling justification of democracy in terms of the unique contributions democratic institutions can make to processes of institutional choice. This focus highlights the important role that democracy plays, not in achieving consensus or commonality, but rather in addressing conflicts. Indeed, the book suggest that democratic politics is perhaps best seen less as a way of reaching consensus or agreement than as a way of structuring the terms of persistent disagreement.

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