scholarly journals Policing through the community in Nigeria: The missing link in security architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
Chris Ifeanyi Adebowale Oke ◽  
◽  
Frederick Braimah ◽  
Florence U. Masajuma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

This study examined policing through the community as a strategy of strengthening the security architecture of Nigeria. The study adopted a variety of theories such as citizen participation and the broken window to interrogate the subject matter. The study x-rayed some empirical studies on the perception of the Nigeria police by the public and also contextualized citizens’ participation on community policing to situate the effectiveness of policing through the community. The study found out that policing through the community will improve intelligence gathering capacity of the security agencies in its fight against criminality and insurgencies in Nigeria. The study recommends that the present structure of the police should be decentralized and also take measures to reinvent itself to change the negative perception of the public towards it.

scholarly journals Corruption Crime Eradication by Corruption Eradication Commission Through Red-handed Catch Operation on Bribery Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329
Author(s):  
Kamaluddin Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Action Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fundamental Consideration

The government has made many laws and regulations, but corruption issues cannot yet be controlled. Police and Prosecuting Attorney Institutions have not yet functioned effectively and efficiently in eradicating corruption. Therefore, the public hopes Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK)/the Corruption Eradication Commission eliminates the crime. KPK is considerably appreciated by the public due to Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT)/Red-handed Catch Operation to many government officials involved in bribery action, but the subject matter thereof is whether the OTT is in line with the fundamental consideration of KPK founding pursuant to Law Number 30 of 2002 as updated by the Law Number 19 of 2019 in order to increase the eradication of corruption crime causing the state's financial loss with respect to people welfare particularly KPK powers pursuant to the provision of Article 11 thereof, among others, specifying that KPK shall be authorized to conduct inquiry, investigation and prosecution on corruption crime related to the state financial loss of at least Rp 1,000,000,000 but in fact many OTTs performed by KPK have a value of hundred million Rupiah only and even there are any cases below Rp 100,000,000.-, and bribery action control through OTT being more dominant if compared to the state's financial corruption is not in line with the primary consideration of KPK founding, and similarly the OTT below 1 billion Rupiah doesn't conform to the provision of Article 11 thereof.

8. Patent Protection and Exploitation

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-198
Author(s):  
Justine Pila ◽  
Paul L.C. Torremans
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Patent Grant

Once a European patent has been granted the nature and scope of the protection it confers must be determined. In considering such protection this chapter focuses on four issues of central importance to that end. The first is the effects of a patent, namely, the territories in and term for which it is valid. The second is the object of protection, namely, the subject matter that the public is excluded from using during the term of its protection. The third is the nature of protection, namely, the uses of the subject matter from which the public is excluded. And the fourth is the limitations to protection, namely, the uses of an invention that the law permits notwithstanding its protection by patent grant.

How well are colleges preparing teachers for modern mathematics?

1965 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Ruth Melson
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
The Public ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Modern Mathematics

It is well known throughout most of the country that the public schools have had to make changes in the content of their courses, particularly offerings in mathematics, because of the vast increase in knowledge and changes in emphasis in various disciplines. The schools have been forced to retrain their teachers or make the teachers themselves responsible for securing additional education, so that the new content and the new approaches to teaching the new content, can be used successfully. Through in-service institutes and courses, teachers have, in many cases, been markedly helped in their desire to become up-to-date in the subject matter for which they are responsible. Unfortunately, it is necessary for schools to employ from 5 to 44 percent new staff members each year. The question arises, “Are the newcomers prepared in modern content to teach the up-dated courses now being offered in our schools?”

scholarly journals Between Consultation and Collaboration: Self-Reported Objectives for 25 Web-Based Geoparticipation Projects in Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Ian Babelon ◽  
Jiří Pánek ◽  
Enzo Falco ◽  
Reinout Kleinhans ◽  
James Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Survey Responses

Web-based participatory mapping technologies are being increasingly harnessed by local governments to crowdsource local knowledge and engage the public in urban planning policies as a means of increasing the transparency and legitimacy of planning processes and decisions. We refer to these technologies as “geoparticipation”. Current innovations are outpacing research into the use of geoparticipation in participatory planning practices. To address this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the objectives of web-based geoparticipation and uses empirical evidence from online survey responses related to 25 urban planning projects in nine countries across three continents (Europe, North America, and Australia). The survey adopts the objectives of the Spectrum for Public Participation that range from information empowerment, with each category specifying promises about how public input is expected to influence decision-making (IAP2, 2018). Our findings show that geoparticipation can leverage a ‘middle-ground’ of citizen participation by facilitating involvement alongside consultation and/or collaboration. This paper constitutes a pilot study as a step toward more robust and replicable empirical studies for cross-country comparisons. Empowerment (or citizen control) is not yet a normative goal or outcome for web-based geoparticipation. Our evidence also suggests that information is pursued alongside other objectives for citizen participation, and therefore functions not as a “low-hanging fruit” as portrayed in the literature, but rather as a core component of higher intensities of participation.

Enterprise autonomy: Myths and realities

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sectoral Differences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Enterprises

Decision-making autonomy may be an important determinant of a business organization's performance. Yet, discussion on the subject has been very limited. Besides, the factors underlying variation in autonomy from one organization to another have not been identified. Lack of empirical studies has led to several stereotypes and myths about autonomy of business enterprises in various economic sectors. Based on questionnaire data and information from interviewing top level executives of enterprises in the public, the multinational and the private sectors in India, the paper identifies sectoral differences in autonomy, the multidimensionality of the concept of autonomy, and the situational determinants of autonomy.

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-234
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Revolutions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

. . . Revolutions born in the laboratory are to be sharply distinguished from revolutions born in society. Social revolutions are usually born in the minds of millions, and are led up to by what the Declaration of Independence calls "a long train of abuses," visible to all; indeed, they usually cannot occur unless they are widely understood by and supported by the public. By contrast, scientific revolutions usually take shape quietly in the minds of a few men, under cover of the impenetrability to most laymen of scientific theory, and thus catch the world by surprise. . . . But more important by far than the world's unpreparedness for scientific revolutions are their universality and their permanence once they have occurred. Social revolutions are restricted to a particular time and place; they arise out of particular circumstances, last for a while, and then pass into history. Scientific revolutions, on the other hand, belong to all places and all times. . . . Works of thought and many works of art have a . . . chance of surviving, since new copies of a book or a symphony can be transcribed from old ones, and so can be preserved indefinitely; yet these works, too, can and do go out of existence, for if every copy is lost, then the work is also lost. The subject matter of these works is man, and they seem to be touched with his mortality. The results of scientific work, on the other hand, are largely immune to decay and disappearance.

Disability and the Practice of Public History: An Introduction

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Ott
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Public History ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability

Museums, exhibitions, and public history have long engaged with the subject matter of disability. Shared social conventions and exhibition traditions about people with disabilities--the common stereotypes of people as persevering heroes or objects of pity--have often led to skewed and inaccurate historical presentations. The medical model of disability, equally strong in framing disability, has also reduced the range of possibilities for including content for the public. More recently, greater understanding of diversity and of the importance of interpreting the history of all people has begun to push inclusion beyond simple access issues and into content.

Privacy Rights and Satellite Broadcasts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-414
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Broadcasts ◽  
Tv News ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Private Individual

The subject matter of this article is, at bottom, a practical problem. It accepts that people have a right to privacy and that this right should find proper protection in the law. It asks, simply, whether such protection is at all feasible given the particular technology of broadcast by satellite.For the purposes of investigating this problem several issues must be addressed. First is the nature of the violation of privacy involved. Our concern here is principally with TV news broadcasts. We begin from the point where the debate over “what is in the public interest versus what the public is interested in” has ended; there will be general consensus that the content of a certain broadcast represents a violation of an individual's privacy and one about which the law should do something. An example might be the filming in the public domain of a private individual caught in the shock of personal grief or tragedy. In such a case we would need to investigate the nature of the injury involved in any subsequent broadcast of these sounds and images, and to ask what dimension, if any, is added to this injury by their simultaneous broadcast across the globe.

scholarly journals Klauzula porządku publicznego a uznawanie zagranicznych orzeczeń, których przedmiotem jest uznanie wyroku lub stwierdzenie jego wykonalności

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
Maciej Zachariasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
European Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Domestic Law

The paper is devoted to the admissibility of recognition and enforcement of a judgment of a foreign court, the subject matter of which is recognition or declaration of enforcement of a judgment from yet another state (judgment on judgment). The issue is discussed in particular with reference to the public policy exception which constitutes a ground for refusal of recognition or enforcement of foreign judgments, both under Polish domestic law (the Code of civil procedure) and European law (Brussels I bis Regulation). It remains controversial whether the judgments on judgments should be recognized, thus benefiting from the so called “parallel entitlement”. The article takes a comparative approach, examining solutions adopted by various legal systems and analysing arguments for and against recognition of such decisions. The author takes the position that they should not be recognized (and that their enforceability should not be declared) in Poland, both under the Code of civil procedure (as with respect to judgments originating from non-EU states), as well as under EU legislation, in particular Brussels I bis Regulation. It is advocated that the concept of a “parallel entitlement” should be rejected.

scholarly journals Macabre Dimensions of Crimes and Insecurity in Nigeria and the Imperatives of Community Policing

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Oluwasolape O. ◽  
Temitope F.A. ◽  
Olanrewaju L.Y. ◽  
Marcus T.A.
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
African Region ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Current State ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Sub Saharan

The paper focuses on community policing, a recent concept taken to as additive to law enforcement which has become everyone’s allegorical remedy for policing problems in the global system. The concept as an agenda for policing reform, has received numerous attentions, having received scholarly debates in various. In Sub-Saharan African region, and most especially Nigerian state where issues of crimes and insecurity have taken different dimensions, there have been agitations and a need to get an alternative to security structure in the country. Officers of the Nigeria Police are conspicuously overwhelmed in the discharge of their fundamental duties, there is, therefore, the need for community policing to complement their efforts in the maintenance of internal security and protection of lives and property. Therefore, this study interrogates the factors aiding the surge of crimes and ineffective policing in Nigeria, and also examines the merits derivable in subscription to the community policing viewpoint. The study gathered its data from secondary sources. The study in its findings, reveal that: a disconnect between the people and government, interagency rivalry, absence of intelligence gathering on the part of the security agencies, non-prosecution of violence perpetrators, amongst others, aid the surge of crimes and ineffective policing in the state. It as well argues that community policing would definitely go a long way in reversing the current state of insecurity for good in Nigeria. The paper, in its recommendations, submits that both the police and the public should jettison the rigid notion of rivalries between them, and should cultivate the force of togetherness and become partners in the course of securing lives and property in the society.

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