Cytotoxicity of Cadmium, Selenium, Zinc and Copper to Mouse Myeloma Sp2/0 Cells as Measured by the MTT Assay

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inessa Remez ◽  
Leonid Rabkin ◽  
Hackel Veksler ◽  
Maija Baumane
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Cadmium Selenium ◽  
Mouse Myeloma

Efek Kadar Serum Estradiol Fase Bleeding Siklus Menstruasi Pada Aktivitas Fibroblas Dermis Manusia

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciella Regina ◽  
Sri Awalia Febriana ◽  
Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Sirius Red

Pembedahan elektif selama fase bleeding siklus menstruasi sering dihindari terkait gangguan koagulasi. Salah satu hormon yang berhubungan dengan proses penyembuhan luka adalah estrogen. Kadar estrogen berfluktuasi sepanjang siklus menstruasi dan berada pada kadar terendah selama fase bleeding. Penelitian eksperimental ex vivo dilakukan pada 16 perempuan berusia 18–40 tahun yang memiliki siklus menstruasi teratur. Darah vena subjek diambil sebanyak 5ml pada fase bleeding dan ovulasi. Kemampuan penyembuhan luka dari masing-masing serum dinilai dengan mengukur proliferasi fibroblas dan deposisi kolagen fibroblas kulit. Ovulasi ditentukan dengan uji pakis saliva, kadar estradiol serum diukur menggunakan Cobas Elecsys®, proliferasi fibroblas menggunakan MTT assay, dan deposisi kolagen dengan sirius red. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar serum estradiol pada fase bleeding dan ovulasi berturut-turut adalah 29,6±10,5pg/dl dan 180,1±164,5pg/dl. Rerata indeks proliferasi fibroblas yang dipajankan pada fase bleeding dan ovulasi adalah 1,09±0,63 dan 1,44±0,66. Rerata densitas optik kolagen fibroblas yang terpajan serum fase bleeding dan ovulasi adalah 0,47±0,2 dan 0,54±0,14. Seluruhnya menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Serum fase bleeding memiliki kemampuan penyembuhan luka yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan serum fase ovulasi. Kebijakan untuk tidak melakukan pembedahan elektif selama fase bleeding, selain terkait dengan gangguan pembekuan darah juga terkait dengan proses penyembuhan luka.Kata Kunci:  menstruasi, estradiol, ovulasi, proliferasi fibroblas, deposisi kolagen, penyembuhan luka

Efek Ekstrak Metanol dan Partisi dari Kulit Batang Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica Houtt. Merr.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Sel HeLa dan MCF-7

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadyah Haruna ◽  
Zakiah Anugerah Hamzah ◽  
Syamsuri Syakri ◽  
Isriany Ismail ◽  
Nursalam Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Lannea Coromandelica ◽  
Mcf 7

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan efek ekstrak metanol dan partisi kulit batang kayu jawa dalam menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker HeLa dan sel kanker MCF-7. Simplisia kulit kayu dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak kemudian dipartisi secara partisi cair padat menggunakan pelarut heksan. Pemisahan menghasilkan partisi larut heksan dan partisi tidak larut heksan. Pengukuran aktivitas inhibisi pertumbuhan sel dilakukan menggunakan metode MTT Assay terhadap sel HeLa, sel MCF-7 dan sel Vero. Senyawa yang dikandung diidentifikasi dengan beberapa pereaksi golongan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol, partisi tidak larut heksan dan partisi larut heksan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker Hela dengan nilai indeks selektivitas, berturut-turut, 2,04; 1,85 dam 4,19. Sedangkan untuk sel MCF-7, indeks selektivitas, berturut-turut, 1,91; 1,44 dan 2,13. Partisi larut heksan dapat memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker dengan selektivitas yang baik.

Artemisinin (ART) Drug Delivery Using Mixed Non-ionic Surfactants and Evaluation of Their Efficiency in Different Cancer Cell Lines

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Asgharkhani ◽  
Aazam Najmafshar ◽  
Mohsen Chiani
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent

This study aims to investigate the effects of different non-ionic surfactants on physicochemical properties of ART niosomes. ART is a natural compound that is used as an antimalarial and chemotherapy agent in medicine. ART has low bioavailability, stability and solubility. In order to solve these problems and enhancing the efficiency of the drug, nanotechnology was used. In the present study, several niosomal formulations of ART prepared using different molar ratios of Span 60 : Tween 60 : PEG-600: ART in PBS. These three formulations were FI (1:1:0.5:0.5), FII (2:1:0.5:0.5) and FIII (1:2:0.5:0.5), respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was measured by HPLC and the drug release was evaluated by dialysis method. The cytotoxicity test was determined by MTT assay. The size, zeta potential and polydispersity index of the vesicles was measured by Zeta Sizer. Stability study was performed within two months. The MTT assay results showed that cytotoxicity effect of these formulations on MCF-7 cell line is better than C6 cell line and the FIII had the best results for both of them. The entrapment efficiencies of the formulations I, II and III were obtained 82.2±1.88%, 75.5±0.92% and 95.5±1.23%, respectively. The results of size, zeta potential and polydispersity index indicated that the size of the vesicles is below 200 nm, their surface charge is about -35 mV and they were monodisperse. Stability and release study indicated that the formulation III has the best stability and release pattern. Therefore, the use of PEGylated niosomal ART can effectively improve its therapeutic index, stability and solubility.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amoxicillin Loaded Hybrid Material Composite Spheres Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arfat Yameen ◽  
Amir Zeb ◽  
Raza E Mustafa ◽  
Sana Mushtaq ◽  
Nargis Aman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies ◽  
Material Composite

Background: Incoherent use of antibiotics has led toward resistance in MRSA, which is becoming multidrugresistant with high rate of virulence in the community and hospital settings. Objective: Synergistic anti-MRSA activity was investigated in this study for hybrid material composite spheres of amoxicillin, Ag nanoparticles and chitosan which were prepared by one-step synthesis method and various characterizations were performed. Methods: Antimicrobial-susceptibility assay on MRSA was achieved by disc diffusion and agar dilution techniques while agar well diffusion was used for hybrid composite spheres. The in vitro and cytotoxicity studies was done by skin abrasion mouse model and MTT assay on RD cell respectively. Results: All isolates were resistant with the tested antibiotics except vancomycin. MIC against MRSA showed high resistance with amoxicillin from 4 to 128 mg L-1. The mean diameter of chitosan spheres and Ag nanoparticles was 02 mm and 277 nm respectively. Morphology of spheres was uneven, varied, porous and irregular in SEM and Ag nanoparticles presence and formation was also seen in micrograph. No substantial interface among drug, nanoparticles and polymer was found in XRD and IR showed characteristic peaks of all compound in the formulation. The in vitro assay showed augmented anti-MRSA activity with amoxicillin loaded hybrid composite spheres (22-29 mm). A significant reduction in microbial burden (~6.5 log10 CFU ml-1) was seen in vivo with loaded hybrid composite spheres formulation. The MTT assay indicated no potential cytotoxicity with hybrid composite spheres. Conclusion: Synergistic effect, amoxicillin, new hybrid formulation, anti-MRSA activity, composite spheres. nanoparticles.

Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of polyherbal formulations, Joint Pain Spl and Rumalaya Forte on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in IC-21 macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunagirinathan Koodalingam ◽  
Arumugam Rajalakshmi ◽  
Ezhumalai Parthiban
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Herbal Formulations ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds

Aim: To test the effectiveness of marketed polyherbal formulations on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory conditions in macrophages. Background: Usage of herbal compounds among patients suffered by arthritis and cancer is increasing every year. Many anti-inflammatory herbal products available in the market should be screened thoroughly for their possible mechanism of action. Objective: Joint Pain Spl (JPS) is a polyherbal dietary food supplement composed of 13 herbal plants and Rumalaya Forte (RF) is a polyherbal formulation comprising of 6 herbal plants were tested for its cytotoxicity, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in LPS treated IC-21 peritoneal macrophages. Methods: Commercially available JPS and RF powder was used to prepare the extract. The aqueous and methanol extracts were quantified for the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compound and confirmed with HPLC. In vitro DPPH free scavenging activity was performed. Cytotoxicity was tested by MTT assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested using lipopolysaccharide stimulated IC-21 peritoneal macrophage cells. Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in JPS and RF. The aqueous and methanol extracts of JPS and RF possesses significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity. MTT assay revealed that 90.64% (aqueous extract) and 92.21% (methanol extract) of exposed macrophages are viable even after 24h exposure of maximal tested concentrations of herbal formulations. Pre-treatment of JPS and RF on LPS induced IC-21 macrophages showed an reduction in nitric oxide production (maximal 79.95%) and high level of superoxide anion scavenging activity (maximal 82.5%) over control. Conclusion: The two tested poly herbal formulations such as JPS and RF possesses anti-inflammatory activity by modulating free radical generation in IC-21 macrophages. Thus the presence of the phenolic and flavonoid compounds may contribute to the antioxidant activity.

Inhibition of Migration and Invasion of Hepatocarcinoma HepG2 Cells by Dietary Saponins via Targeting HIF-1α

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031
Author(s):  
Cheng Luo ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Meiling Chen ◽  
Wenhua Miao ◽  
Changfeng Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Simulated Hypoxia

Background: Different saponins from herbs have been used as tonic or functional foods, and for treatment of various diseases including cancers. Although clinical data has supported the function of these saponins, their underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well defined. Methods: With the simulated hypoxia created by 8 hours of Cu++ exposure and following 24 hour incubation with different concentration of saponins in HepG2 cells for MTT assay, migration and invasion assays, and for RT-PCR, and with each group of cells for immunofluorescence observation by confocal microscopy. Results： ZC-4 had the highest rate of inhibition of cell proliferation by MTT assay, and the highest inhibition of migration rate by in vitro scratch assay, while ZC-3 had the highest inhibition of invasion ratio by transwell assay. Under the same simulated hypoxia, the molecular mechanism of saponin function was conducted by measuring the gene expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α through RT-PCR, in which ZC-3 showed a potent inhibition of gene HIF-1α. For the protein expression by immunofluorescence staining with confocal microscopy, HIF-1α was also inhibited by saponins, with the most potent one being ZC-4 after eight hours’ relatively hypoxia incubation. Conclusion: Saponins ZC-4 and ZC-3 have the potential to reduce HepG2 cell proliferation, migration and invasion caused by hypoxia through effectively inhibiting the gene and protein expression of HIF-1α directly and as antioxidant indirectly

Andrographolide Inhibits Proliferation of Colon Cancer SW-480 Cells via Downregulating Notch Signaling Pathway.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Sadaf Mahfooz ◽  
Mohd Saeed ◽  
Irfan Ahmad ◽  
Irfan A. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Notch Signaling Pathway ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Notch 1

Background: Recently Notch signaling pathway has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target for chemotherapeutic intervention. However, the efficacy of previously known Notch inhibitors in colon cancer is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of andrographolide on aberrantly activated Notch signaling in SW-480 cells in vitro. Methods: The cytostatic potential of andrographolide on SW-480 cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, morphology assessment and colony formation assay. The apoptotic activity was evaluated by FITC Annexin V assay, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), Hoechst, Rhodamine 123 and Mito Tracker CMXRos staining. Scratch assay for migratory potential assessment. 7’-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was used to evaluate the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation. Relative mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl2, NOTCH 1 and JAGGED 1 was estimated by Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell cycle phase distribution was evaluated Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Results: MTT assay demonstrated dose and time dependent cytoxicity of andrographolide on SW-480 cells. It also inhibited the migratory and colony forming potential of SW-480 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide also showed disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis through nuclear condensation. Flow cytometric evaluation showed andrographolide enhanced early and late apoptotic cells and induced upregulation of proapoptotic (Bax and Bad) and downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl2 in treated SW-480 cells. Andrographolide augmented intracellular ROS generation and induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in colon cancer SW480 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide repressed the Notch signaling by decreasing the expression of NOTCH 1 and JAGGED 1. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that andrographolide constraint the growth of SW-480 cells through the inhibition of Notch signaling pathway.

Assessment of Ploy Dopamine Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Melanoma (B16-F10 and A-375) Cells Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 1918-1926
Author(s):  
Fahimeh H. Beigi ◽  
Soheil Fatahian ◽  
Sogand Shahbazi-Gahrouei ◽  
Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei ◽  
Amin Farzadniya
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Melanoma B16 ◽  
Co Precipitation

Objective: Polydopamine coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PDA NPs) were synthesized, characterized, and their MR imaging contrast agents and photothermal potency were evaluated on melanoma (B16-F10 and A-375) cells and normal skin cells. To this end, MTT assay, Fe concentration, and MR imaging of both coated and uncoated NPs were assessed in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation, and coated with polydopamine. The cytotoxicity of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@PDA NPs on melanoma cells, with different concentrations, were obtained using MTT assay. MR images and Fe concentrations of nanoprobe and nanoparticles were evaluated under in vivo conditions. Results: Findings indicated that uncoated Fe3O4 showed the highest toxicity in animal (B16-F10) cells at 450μg/ml after 72h, while the highest toxicity in human (A-375) cells were observed at 350μg/ml. These nanoparticles did not reveal any cytotoxicity to normal skin cells, despite having some toxicity features in A-375 cells. MR image signals in the tumor were low compared with other tissues. The iron concentration in the tumor was higher than that of other organs. Conclusion: It is concluded that the cytotoxicity of Fe3O4@PDA was found to be significantly lower than uncoated nanoparticles (p <0.001), which allows some positive effects on reducing toxicity. The prepared nanoprobe may be used as a contrast agent in MR imaging.

Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Properties of Andrographolide Against Human Colon Cancer DLD1 Cell Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Sadaf Mahfooz ◽  
Irfan A. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Dld1 Cell ◽  
Activation Assay

Background: In recent years, natural products have received great attention for cancer prevention owing to their various health benefits, noticeable lack of toxicity and side effects, and the limitations of chemotherapeutic agents. Andrographolide, a labdane diterpenoid is a principal bioactive constituent of Andrographis paniculata Nees, exhibits significant anticancer activity. Objective: The efficacy of andrographolide on colon cancer cells is yet to be elucidated completely. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer efficiency of andrographolide in colon cancer DLD1 cell line. Methods: Antiproliferative activity of andrographolide on DLD1 cells was evaluated by MTT assay, LDH release assay, morphological analysis and colony formation assay. Induction of apoptosis was determined by DAPI staining, Annexin V-FITC staining assay, and caspase-3 activation assay. Role of andrographolide induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its association with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells was elucidated by DCFDA dye. Synergistic ability of andrographolide with 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel (PTX) was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: Results of the present study indicated that andrographolide declined cell viability of DLD1 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Andrographolide induced apoptosis via nuclear condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation. It also augmented cellular ROS levels which were in turn associated with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells. Moreover, andrographolide displayed synergistic activity with 5-FU and PTX against DLD1 cells. Conclusion: The present study showed that andrographolide demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic properties, moreover it also displayed synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic drugs in colon cancer DLD1 cells.

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