Presidential Profanity in Duterte's Philippines: How Swearing Discursively Constructs a Populist Regime

2021 ◽  
pp. 0261927X2110657
Author(s):  
Cristina Jayme Montiel ◽  
Joshua Uyheng ◽  
Nmanuel de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Text Analytics ◽  
Critical Text ◽  
Offensive Speech

Swearing in public discourse represents a contentious rhetorical feature of populist leaders’ transgressive politics. This paper argues that, beyond constituting merely “offensive” speech, swearing generatively accomplishes a host of discursive functions which contribute to the fortification of a populist regime. Taking populist President Duterte of the Philippines as a case in point, we utilize a critical text analytics approach to examine his use of profane language across a corpus of 746 of his public speeches. We find that Duterte discursively harnesses swear words to: (a) affirm vernacular identities with hostile humor, (b) claim outsider virtues against corrupt institutions, and (c) marshal insider force as the nation's sovereign leader. Swearing thus represents a rich discursive resource for populist leaders to navigate their contradictory positions as insiders and outsiders to political power, toward both public endearment and coercion of the nation's people. Our findings suggest the importance of critically examining language in relation to collective-level phenomena like populism and the utility of mixed methods approaches for enriching global psychologies of politics and language.

scholarly journals Empowerment in agricultural value chains: Mixed methods evidence from the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel J. Malapit ◽  
Catherine Ragasa ◽  
Elena M. Martinez ◽  
Deborah Rubin ◽  
Gregory Seymour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Value Chains

scholarly journals Factors affecting retention in the Philippine National Rural Physician Deployment Program from 2012 to 2019: a mixed methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Louise L. Flores ◽  
Edric Matthew R. Manahan ◽  
Miguel Paulo B. Lacanilao ◽  
Isabella Ma. Beatriz T. Ladaw ◽  
Mico Martin B. Mallillin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rural Physician

Abstract Background To address the maldistribution of healthcare providers and the shortage of physicians in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas of the Philippines, the Philippine National Rural Physician Deployment Program, or more commonly known as the Doctors to the Barrios (DTTB) program was established in 1993. However, as of 2011, only 18% of the DTTBs chose to stay in their assigned municipalities after their two-year deployment, termed retention. This study aims to identify the individual, local, work, national, and international factors affecting the retention of DTTBs in their assigned communities after their two-year deployment. Methods A descriptive, mixed-methods, explanatory design was used. For the quantitative part, the modified and updated Stayers Questionnaire was given to all current DTTBs present in a Continuing Medical Education session in the Development Academy of the Philippines. Descriptive statistics were then presented. For the qualitative part, individual, semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted in-person or via phone with current and alumni DTTBs from 2012 to 2019. Proceedings of the interviews were transcribed, translated, and analyzed thematically. Results 102 current DTTBs participated in the quantitative part of our study, while 10 current and former DTTBs participated in the interviews. Demographic factors and location, personal beliefs, well-being, friends and family dynamics, and perceptions about work were the individual factors identified to affect retention. Social working conditions, career development, and infrastructure, medical equipment, and supplies were among the work factors identified to affect retention. Geography, living conditions, local social needs, and technology were among the local factors identified to affect retention. Compensation, the recently signed Universal Healthcare Law, and Safety and Security were identified as national factors that could affect retention. International factors did not seem to discourage DTTBs from staying in their communities. Conclusions A host of individual, work-related, local, national, and international factors influence the DTTB’s decision to be retained in different, complex, interconnected, and dynamic ways. We also identified implementation issues in the DTTB program and suggested interventions to encourage retention.

scholarly journals Evidence-based intrapartum practice and its associated factors at a tertiary teaching hospital in the Philippines, a descriptive mixed-methods study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Masuda ◽  
Shirley Kristine Ferolin ◽  
Ken Masuda ◽  
Chris Smith ◽  
Mitsuaki Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Assisted Delivery ◽  
Fundal Pressure

Abstract Background Evidenced-based practice is a key component of quality care. However, studies in the Philippines have identified gaps between evidence and actual maternity practices. This study aims to describe the practice of evidence-based intrapartum care and its associated factors, as well as exploring the perceptions of healthcare providers in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Methods A mixed-methods study was conducted, which consisted of direct observation of intrapartum practices during the second and third stages, as well as semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with care providers to determine their perceptions and reasoning behind decisions to perform episiotomy or fundal pressure. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the relationship between observed practices and maternal, neonatal, and environmental factors. Qualitative data were parsed and categorised to identify themes related to the decision-making process. Results A total of 170 deliveries were included. Recommended care, such as prophylactic use of oxytocin and controlled cord traction in the third stage, were applied in almost all the cases. However, harmful practices were also observed, such as intramuscular or intravenous oxytocin use in the second stage (14%) and lack of foetal heart rate monitoring (57%). Of primiparae, 92% received episiotomy and 31% of all deliveries received fundal pressure. Factors associated with the implementation of episiotomy included primipara (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 62.3), duration of the second stage of more than 30 minutes (aOR 4.6), and assisted vaginal delivery (aOR 15.0). Factors associated with fundal pressure were primipara (aOR 3.0), augmentation with oxytocin (aOR 3.3), and assisted delivery (aOR 4.8). Healthcare providers believe that these practices can prevent laceration. The rate of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) was 17%. Associated with OASIS were assisted delivery (aOR 6.0), baby weights of more than 3.5 kg (aOR 7.8), episiotomy (aOR 26.4), and fundal pressure (aOR 6.2). Conclusions Our study found that potentially harmful practices are still conducted that contribute to the occurrence of OASIS. The perception of these practices is divergent with current evidence, and empirical knowledge has more influence. To improve practices the scientific evidence and its underlying basis should be understood among providers.

scholarly journals Rhetorical Discourse Analysis of State of the Nation Address of Select Philippine Presidents

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilibeth A. Calonge ◽  
Ismael N. Talili
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Rhetorical Discourse

The art of public speaking has been one of the commonly feared tasks for some people because they are not prepared and equipped with knowledge in rhetoric. The study was conducted to analyze the State of the Nation Address (SONA) delivered by the three presidents of the Philippines. Speech videos and speech manuscripts were analyzed using validated rubrics. A survey was also conducted to gather information on students’ perception on the study of rhetoric. Frequency, standard deviation, and weighted mean were used to analyze the rhetorical devices and canons of rhetoric employed in the speeches. It was found out that metaphor is a common rhetorical device used by the Presidents. The results show that the canons of rhetoric: invention, arrangement, style, memory and delivery were utilized in the speeches. Majority of the students of Rhetoric and Public Discourse, self-reported (or agreed) that the rhetorical discourse analysis of the SONA is beneficial to them as Rhetoric and Public Discourse students. The study concludes that the Presidents used the rhetorical elements and techniques to convince and influence the audience. It is recommended that the presidents (or their speech writers) should consider optimum use of the rhetorical elements and techniques to evoke the desired response from the audience.

scholarly journals Zones of political power: cell phones and group formation in Kenya and the Philippines.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Network Coverage

This thesis proposes a way to examine the form of connection between cell phone use and the formation of groups advocating political change and democratic reform in developing countries. It uses two political events - the People Power II demonstration in Manila, Philippines in 2001, and the national election in Kenya in 2002 - as case studies to test a framework, one that draws from articulation theory and actor-network theory, and is informed by a history of development communication. Cell phone technology has achieved a worldwide subscriber adoption rate like no other digital technology. People in so-called developing countries have been particularly fast adopters of cell phone technology, with Africa being the fastest growing market in the world since 2002, and the Philippines now the world's leader in the number of text messages sent each day. Popular media reports describe people's use of the cell phone as an instrument for the organization of potent political resistance in the digital age. This thesis strives to ground assumptions of the "power of texting" in a robust examination of the factors that lead to the formation of social groups that successfully and peacefully replace governments believed by popular opinion to be corrupt. The first part of the paper reviews the theoretical foundations used to triangulate an examination of the topic. The second part reviews details of the two case events, including socioeconomic and telecommunications conditions that may have contributed to the formation and organization of social groups and the political ideology conveyed during these events. The third part brings together various types of data - voting patterns, poverty, telecommunication policy, and cell phone network coverage - to expose possible correlations between those geographic areas in developing countries that are cell phone enabled and the potential political influence those with access to mobile handsets can exert. The thesis concludes by arguing that cell phone network coverage maps are useful tools in the study of social and cultural phenomenon for three reasons: cell phone networks are dedicated and singular, they track network penetration density in targeted regions with specific economic and demographic criteria, and they enable the tracking of network expansion over time, indicating emerging regions for wireless social communication and economic development. These maps may be read as zones of political power, enabling those with access to the technology to promote their political agenda, while those without access may be disadvantaged.

‘Globalist war against humanity shifts into high gear’: Online anti-vaccination websites and ‘anti-public’ discourse

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Davis
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Deliberation ◽  
Online Media ◽  
General Transformation ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach

Online media has provided unprecedented opportunities for anti-vaccination groups to spread their message. An extensive scholarly literature has consequently emerged to analyse such discourse and develop strategies for countering it. In this article, I take a different approach. My contention is that it is no longer appropriate to approach anti-vaccination discourse as a stand-alone formation. Such sites, I argue, building on work by McKenzie Wark and Bart Cammaerts, are increasingly part of a wider proliferation of ‘anti-public’ discourse that contests fundamental democratic conventions, rules of argumentation and so on. The article uses a mixed methods approach based on a systematic content survey supplemented by the presentation of qualitative examples from 56 anti-vaccination websites. By locating anti-vaccination discourse in these broader contexts, I argue, it is possible to understand it as related to a more general transformation in public deliberation.

Multiple Intelligences and Vocabulary Levels of the Teacher Education Students: Bases for Instructional Materials Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
May T. Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Multiple Intelligence ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teacher Education Students

With the diversity of learners, identifying their multiple intelligences and vocabulary levels has a significant contribution to the academe. The study, which employed mixed methods, aimed to determine the multiple intelligences and the vocabulary level of the teacher education students enrolled in a state university in the Philippines. The quantitative data were obtained using the MIDAS-24 and the validated vocabulary test; while the qualitative data were obtained from interviews and some documents. The numerical data were processed considering the percentage, mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA, using the SPSS software. The text data were subjected to qualitative analysis, such as documentation, and coding and categorization. The findings revealed the following: (a) considering the multiple intelligence(s) they possessed, the students were grouped into seven clusters, where the most number of them had interpersonal intelligence; (b) when considered as a whole and when classified according to their multiple intelligences, they had an “average” vocabulary level, or they had a limited vocabulary; and (c) no significant difference existed in their vocabulary levels when grouped according to multiple intelligence classification. The results then served as bases on the development of instructional materials designed to complement the students' multiple intelligences and to improve their vocabulary.   Keywords-Education, multiple intelligences, vocabulary level, teacher education students, mixed methods, Philippines  

scholarly journals Linguistic ridicule as a reflection of the confrontation between the political power and society

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Vladimirovna Kornienko
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
Word Play ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Current Trends

This paper presents the words, collocations, and expressions which have been announced as winners of the Word of the Year contest, held on an annual basis in Russia for the last 12 years. Taken together, all these lexical units allow us to draw conclusions about some current trends in the modern-day Russian public discourse, namely its explicit politicization, increased emotionality, and the use of word play in an indirect dialogue with the political authorities. The inner meaning of word play, which is particularly widespread in social networks, represents the users’ critical attitude, aiming to undermine conventional values through ridicule. Illustrative examples reflecting the views of the Facebook community (winners of the “Word of the Year”) are cited in the paper.

scholarly journals Socio-political Violence in Cambodia Between 1990 and 2008: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study of Social Coherence

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lee C. Fergusson ◽  
Kenneth L. Cavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Coherence

The relationship between individual and group practice of the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program andreductions in social stress, tension, and violence has been the topic of systematic exploration since the 1970s in Canada,India, Israel, Lebanon, New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, United Kingdom, and United States.Findings from these quantitative studies have been published in leading international conflict resolution and peacestudies journals. However, research in Cambodia has to date only been of a descriptive and qualitative nature with afocus on economic and social variables not violence or crime.The purpose of the present study is therefore to examine socio-political violence in Cambodia between January 1990and December 1992 (the baseline period) and the possible influence of group practice of the Transcendental Meditationand TM-Sidhi program at Maharishi Vedic University (MVU) by 550 undergraduate students beginning in January1993 through December 2008 (the impact-assessment period). This study uses an explanatory mixed methods designto examine socio-political violence using time series analysis of machine-coded news reports (quantitative data) anddocument analysis of national and international media reports, personal statements, and public documents (qualitativedata).Results indicate that beginning in January 1993, when meditating students at MVU began their group practice, amarked downward shift occurred in the trends of socio-political violence and other forms of violent crime in Cambodia,contrary to predicted baseline trends and contrary to widespread community and media expectations. Such aconclusion can be drawn from both the quantitative and qualitative evidence when comparing baseline andimpact-assessment periods, suggesting that the observed decline in socio-political violence during this time wasassociated with an increase in peace, order, and harmony—that is, a rise of social coherence—in the collectiveconsciousness of Cambodia generated by the group of meditating students at MVU.

scholarly journals A Digital Ethnography of Teach For America: Analysis of Counternarrative From the Truth For America Podcast

2020 ◽  
pp. 004208592095388
Author(s):  
Julian Vasquez Heilig ◽  
T. Jameson Brewer ◽  
Amber K. Kim ◽  
Miguel Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Teach For America ◽  
Digital Ethnography ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public

To analyze the counternarrative in the public discourse surrounding Teach For America (TFA), this paper represents the first digital ethnography in education policy. We conduct a qualitative analysis of Truth For America, an education policy podcast. We found four overarching themes that arose from conversations with respondents: (1) problematic practice, preparation, and pedagogy; (2) concerns linked to critiquing TFA and the organization’s responses to that critique; (3) issues related to race and diversity; and (4) disconcerting funding practices and political power. We conclude by discussing the implications of how individual-level stakeholder experiences inform the public discourse about TFA.

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