Significance of Informal Learning and Literacy in Health Promotion in Rural Kenya: Seeking Maasai Women’s Voices

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110046
Author(s):  
Taeko Takayanagi
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Rural Kenya ◽  
Narrative Case Studies ◽  
Village Women ◽  
The Village

Aiming to understand how Maasai women use informal learning and literacy to access to health information and improve well-being of their family at the village level, this qualitative study explores the significance of village based informal learning and literacy in maintain good health among village women and girls in the male-dominated community in rural Kenya. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and observations. 15 Village women, 12 women’s group leaders and 10 government officials were interviewed during an intensive six-month field study in Kenya. The information obtained from the interviews was analysed thematically and as narrative case studies. Results indicate that the village women initiate manageable health promotion activities to improve the well-being of their family and community via informal learning and literacy approaches. The study also concludes that the interviewed Maasai women developed their own effective communication mechanism to improve the situation of gender inequality in their community.

scholarly journals School nurses’ engagement and care ethics in promoting adolescent health

2021 ◽  
pp. 096973302098514
Author(s):  
Yvonne Hilli ◽  
Gunnel Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Care Ethics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Low Threshold

Background: The school is a key environment for establishing good health habits among pupils. School nurses play a prominent role in health promotion, since they meet with every single adolescent. Research aim: To describe care ethics in the context of school nurses’ health-promoting activities among adolescents in secondary schools. Research design: An explorative descriptive methodology in which semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and content analysis was performed. Participants and research context: Data were collected from eight school nurses in a municipality in Western Sweden. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted according to the ethical principles of the Swedish Research Council (2011), and the written informed consent of the participants was obtained. Findings/discussion: A caring relation, based on care ethics, is the basis for successful health-promoting activities among adolescents. The school nurses show strong engagement in and commitment to caring for and caring about adolescents by being attentive and listening to their expressed feelings and needs, both spoken and unspoken. Furthermore, the school nurses have a deep sense of responsibility in supporting and empowering adolescents to trust their own capabilities. To enhance health and well-being, school nurses emphasize low-threshold counselling, flexibility, openness, early intervention and continuity, as well as good collaboration with the health team at school and with parents. Conclusion: Strengthening person-centred healthcare can provide adolescents with the recognition and support they need to grow into healthy adults. For successful health promotion, all aspects of the ethics of care should be considered as part of an integrated whole based on the integrity of care.

The Importance of Religiosity to the Well-Being of African American Older Adults Living With Dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayron Epps ◽  
Ishan C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Structured Interviews

This study was a post hoc analysis of a larger qualitative descriptive study exploring family involvement in health promotion activities for African Americans living with dementia where participants identified religious practices as meaningful health promotion activities. The purpose of this study was to explore ways in which religiosity may influence the well-being of older adults living with dementia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among a sample of 22 family caregivers and 15 older adults living with dementia ( N = 37). Three themes emerged: Engagement, Promotion of Faith and Spiritual Connectedness, and Maintenance of Religious Practices. It is imperative for family caregivers to understand the important contributions of religious activities and beliefs to the well-being of their family member. This information might be of use for faith communities, policy makers, and health care providers in the provision of optimal person-centered care and the promotion of quality of life for persons living with dementia.

Online Opinion Leaders in the Health Promotion Digital Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-309
Author(s):  
Joyce Cheah Lynn-Sze ◽  
◽  
Azlina Kamaruddin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public

Health opinion leaders have widely embraced social media for health promotion and public health communication which can make a strong influence on the public decision making. However, despite the growing relevance of public health threats such as infectious diseases, pandemic influenza and natural disasters, research has paid little attention to the qualities of opinion leaders. Moreover, there is limited evidence that public health organisations use social media appropriately to engage in meaningful conversations with audiences. Thus, the aims of the study are to describe principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders to promote health issues, to discuss the strategies of social media used, to explain the opinion leaders’ influence attributes in health decision making and finally to develop a model of online opinion leader in the contemporary health promotion era. Content analysis was conducted on Facebook postings of five selected health opinion leaders. In addition, semi-structured interviews with 10 followers were conducted. The findings of the study revealed that there are three principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders, which are language, interaction and themes. There are three strategies opinion leaders use to influence the public: social connectivity, social support and social consultation. Furthermore, there are five opinion leaders’ attributes that influence the public’s decision making, namely personality, authenticity, trust/credibility, professional knowledge and social position. The model would be beneficial in educating and guiding the current public health opinion leaders in order to establish health and social well-being. Keywords: Online opinion leader, online health communication, public health, two-step flow theory, decision making.

Integrated learning in schools: an Icelandic case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Kolbrún Pálsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Day

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the integration of school and leisure activities and to inform professional practice by exploring the opportunities and challenges that arise when school-day teachers and leisure-care personnel set out to build a collaborative network. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a multiple case study of five Reykjavik elementary schools that participated in a project called “The Day of the Child.” Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with school leaders, leisure-time center coordinators, teachers, and leisure-care personnel, as well as using field notes and documentary analysis. Findings The participants in the study reported that increased integration supported the well-being of children by offering leisure activities within the school day. Emphasis on leisure reinforced children’s informal and social learning. Challenges identified were organizational barriers, such as professional boundaries between leisure and school, unclear roles of leisure-care personnel and lack of active collaboration. Drawing on the findings, the author explores possibilities for enhanced professional practice within schools. Practical implications Leisure and informal learning are marginalized in the educational discourse due to the global push in education toward outcomes-based education and standardized testing. This study underlines the need for leisure pedagogy in elementary schools. Originality/value This paper provides an understanding of the importance of informal learning within the formal school culture. The findings reflect the experiences and insights of those working with children and focuses on a much neglected part of education, informal learning.

scholarly journals Multisector prevention of childhood obesity in a Finnish municipality - factors perceived as crucial

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Koivusilta ◽  
S Alanne ◽  
T Mustila ◽  
M Kamila ◽  
T Ståhl
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Managerial Level

Abstract Background Obesity among children threatens health and life expectancy. Risk factors interact in complex ways on individual, household, and community levels. Interventions on lifestyle factors have been targeted at children. Although some have impacted weight gain positively, environment and policy approaches by multiple actors across the society, especially when integrated in everyday life could have longer lasting effects. In Finland, multisector collaboration is enabled by several institutional structures, such as child welfare clinics and student welfare services. We studied in a municipality how administrative sectors and some key NGOs contributed to the prevention of childhood obesity, and particularly, which were the factors seen as potentially crucial. Methods The informants were purposely selected, being those, who had operated in the process of health promotion in the City of Seinäjoki (Finland) in 2009-2016. They represented several administrative sectors, either as office holders at the managerial level or as working at the operational level or in NGOs. In total, 37 participated (1 refusal) the semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim (355 pages), anonymized, and analyzed with deductive content analysis. Results There emerged six entities of factors crucial for obesity prevention: strong and long-term commitment to health promotion both at the administrative and executive levels; activity aiming at well-being of all inhabitants; a shared view of the importance of preventive work and multiprofessional collaboration; competent and development minded personnel, appropriate administrative structure and the strong leadership role of the health promotion coordinator; the light administrative structure of the Finnish municipality; convenient size of the municipality. Conclusions There was a shared opinion among the interviewees about the crucial elements of multisectoral collaboration for obesity prevention. Key messages Multisectoral collaboration and strong commitment to long-term activity both at the administrative and executive levels form key elements in the prevention of childhood obesity. A supportive administrative structure in a municipality together with strong coordination of health promotion are important prerequisites for the prevention of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN USAHA TERNAK KAMBING DI KELOMPOK TANI SUMBER SARI DALAM ANALISIS EKONOMI PENDAPATAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
S. Rusdiana ◽  
Rijanto Hutasoit
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Village

This research was conducted at the District High King shavings District of North Sumatra Province. The purpose of the study was to determine the increase in goat  farming  goat  farmer  groups  in  the  analysis  of  pollen  sources  of  income.  The study was conducted in the village of Sumber High King and High King of Hope in District  District  shavings,  each  study  site  has  the  same  agro-ecosystems.  The  study was conducted by the method by filling  in a questionnaire survey using kuwesioner and  structured  interviews  with  15  respondents  farmers  and  15  farmer  groups koopertor  non-cooperators,  in  November-December  2012,  according  to  the information  from  the  Department  of  Agricultural  Extension  and  local  farming population  criteria  goats  and  primary  data  secondary  data  collected  was  analyzed using descriptive tabulation and analysis of the economy.The results of the research effort goat raising net income amounted Rp.8.411.168 Koopertor, 83/tahun, B/C ratio of 1.4, and goat enterprises are non Cooperators sebsar Rp. 1,644,051.24/year, B/C ratio of 1.2. This can increase the income of farmers in maintaining the well-being of families and the need for the application of technological innovations introduced  so that a more commercial farming goats and goats can be sustained presence in times to come.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Older men learning through religious and political affiliations: case studies from Malta

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Formosa ◽  
Roberta Chetcuti Galea ◽  
Rosette Farrugia Bonello
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
First Case ◽  
Immaculate Conception ◽  
The Village

This article examines two case studies from Malta that focus on older men learning through informal channels. The first case study investigated the role of a community-based organisation - namely, a religious confraternity dedicated to 'Our Lady of Immaculate Conception' of the village of Mqabba - as an avenue for informal learning activities for older men. The second case study investigated the connection between affiliation in the Labour Party Veterans' branch of the Labour Party (Malta) and informal learning. The case studies were carried out by employing a qualitative-methodological framework whereby data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The intent was to reveal the perceived interests and expectations regarding what would be considered a satisfying lifestyle in the context of membership of older men in both organisations. Findings reveal the benefits that older men enjoy through participation in such organisations, including increased levels of independence, improved social participation, and positive effects on participants' self-esteem and personal confidence. Informants report that membership also contributed to their mental and physical health and to increased activity. Many underlined how participation aided them in escaping boredom and keeping in touch with the outside world. Findings also reveal that only a few informants were simultaneously involved in organisations and activities not related to their religious and political affiliations, which highlights the importance of both informal learning channels in helping older men lead successful and active lives.

scholarly journals The Short-term Impact of Unconditional Cash Transfers to the Poor: Experimental Evidence from Kenya*

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 1973-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Haushofer ◽  
Jeremy Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Rural Kenya ◽  
Unconditional Cash Transfers ◽  
The Village ◽  
Improve Food Security

Abstract We use a randomized controlled trial to study the response of poor households in rural Kenya to unconditional cash transfers from the NGO GiveDirectly. The transfers differ from other programs in that they are explicitly unconditional, large, and concentrated in time. We randomized at both the village and household levels; furthermore, within the treatment group, we randomized recipient gender (wife versus husband), transfer timing (lump-sum transfer versus monthly installments), and transfer magnitude (US$404 PPP versus US$1,525 PPP). We find a strong consumption response to transfers, with an increase in household monthly consumption from $158 PPP to $193 PPP nine months after the transfer began. Transfer recipients experience large increases in psychological well-being. We find no overall effect on levels of the stress hormone cortisol, although there are differences across some subgroups. Monthly transfers are more likely than lump-sum transfers to improve food security, whereas lump-sum transfers are more likely to be spent on durables, suggesting that households face savings and credit constraints. Together, these results suggest that unconditional cash transfers have significant impacts on economic outcomes and psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Guidance on Healthy Eating Habits from the Medical Student’s Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
Talita Cardoso Rossi ◽  
Vânia Hercilia Talarico Bruno ◽  
Fernanda Martin Catarucci ◽  
Ivan da Silva Beteto ◽  
Pedro Henrique Leonetti Habimorad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

ABSTRACT Although nutrition is one of the most significant aspects of good health and well-being, preventing many diseases and reducing premature death and disability, most medical curricula still do not cover this topic in depth, devoting only a few hours to it. This leaves an important gap in the training of medical professionals, in a context of an increase in chronic diseases, where healthy eating is essential, not only for prevention but also to guarantee treatment success. The present study interviewed medical students from the first to the sixth years of graduation, in order to understand what they consider to be a healthy diet and whether they consider themselves capable of guiding their future patients in the adoption and practice healthy eating habits. This is a qualitative study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 undergraduate medical students of a public university in the state of São Paulo. The data were analyzed using the technique of Content Analysis, with a thematic representational approach. Two major themes emerged, showing possible gaps in the students’ knowledge about nutrition and the difficulty they have in helping their patients switch to healthier eating habits, given that they themselves have difficulty doing the same. There is a need for medical schools to promote students’ health, both physical and mental, in response to the high demands of the courses. This may include health promotion activities aimed at the students themselves, encouraging them to adopt healthier lifestyles, especially healthier eating habits, so that they can share their own experiences with future patients. This may benefit their professional practice, giving them greater confidence when giving nutrition guidance to their patients, as they will have already experienced and applied the principles in their own lives. Patient-centered care can be a way to address this system and help patients effectively switch to healthier habits, thereby reducing suffering and improving quality of life. Empowerment through activities that receive and support the student and the patient is an essential tool for behavioral change.

scholarly journals Assessing the Content Validity of the EQ-5D Questionnaire Among Asians in Singapore: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Geok Ling Lee ◽  
Rachel Lee-Yin Tan ◽  
Michael Herdman ◽  
Nan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Health Concepts ◽  
Axial Coding

Introduction: Although the EQ-5D questionnaire is widely used to measure health status internationally, there is little evidence of its content validity in Asian populations. This qualitative study aimed to explore the content validity of the EQ-5D in Singapore. Materials and Methods: Sixty Singaporeans (Chinese: 20; Malay: 20; Indian: 20) completed semi-structured interviews in which they were asked about health concepts which were important to them and the relevance and comprehensiveness of the EQ-5D descriptive system (DS). Thematic analysis employing open, focused and axial coding was used to identify the themes and subthemes from the interviews. Results: A total of 70 health concepts were identified which fall into the broad categories of ‘physical health’, ‘mental well-being’, ‘social relationships’, ‘medical conditions and treatment’, and ‘health promotion knowledge and behaviours’. The 5 dimensions in the EQ-5D DS were among the health concepts nominated by participants. Some participants suggested that content validity could be improved by adding social relationships, medical conditions and treatment, and health promotion knowledge and behaviours to the EQ-5D DS. Conclusions: This study confirmed that EQ-5D dimensions are important and relevant aspects of health to Asians in Singapore, although some dimensions that could be important to Singaporeans are absent. Keywords: Content validity, EQ-5D, Qualitative research, Singapore

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