scholarly journals Intestinal Plasmacytosis in Rabbits: A Histologic and Ultrastructural Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
J. G. Fox ◽  
S. E. Erdman ◽  
N. S. Lipman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Diffuse Infiltration ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Infiltrating Cells ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Well Differentiated

A retrospective study revealed intestinal plasmacytosis in 53 of 102 rabbits used in various experimental studies and as controls. The breeds affected included New Zealand white ( n = 46), Dutch-belted ( n = 6), and Watanabe ( n = 1) rabbits. Sex predisposition was not found in any breed. The mean (± SD) ages were 3.1 ± 1.4 years for New Zealand white rabbits, 1.3 ± 1.1 for Dutch-belted rabbits, and 2 years for the Watanabe rabbit. The severity increased with animal age. The incidence was higher ( P < 0.05) in rabbits used in antibody production and cholesterol studies. The lesions were characterized by multifocal to diffuse infiltration of well-differentiated plasma cells in the intestinal mucosa. Electron microscopic examination revealed typical plasma cell morphology of the infiltrating cells. Small intestine and cecum were the major sites affected. In severe cases, colon, rectum, trachea, esophagus, mesenteric lymph node, and spleen were also involved.

scholarly journals Histological Effects of Intravitreal Injection of Antifungal Agents in New Zealand White Rabbits: An Electron Microscopic and Immunohistochemical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Sofia Karachrysafi ◽  
Antonia Sioga ◽  
Anastasia Komnenou ◽  
Athanasios Karamitsos ◽  
Maria Xioteli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Group V ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Right

Fungal endophthalmitis is a serious and vision-threatening infection which requires an immediate and effective treatment approach. Our research aims to elucidate the histological effects of the intravitreal injection of the maximum safe dosage of voriconazole and micafungin on retina. Six albino New Zealand White Rabbits were used. In experimental animals, a solution of voriconazole (Group V) or micafungin (Group M) was intravitreally injected in the right eye, while in control animals, balanced salt solution was intravitreally injected in the left eye (Group C). Euthanasia was performed ten days post injection and the retina was removed and prepared for histological examination with a light and electron microscope. Eosin-hematoxylin staining did not reveal any pathological changes in any of the samples examined. The immunohistochemical staining for Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-a) marker was detected as negative in all samples, while Interleukin 6 (IL-6) marker was detected as mild only in the group injected with voriconazole. Electron microscopy revealed several ultrastructural alterations in retinal layers in both groups of experimental animals. Histological retinal lesions, revealed with electron microscopy in the present investigation, raises the question of the safe usage of these antifungal agents in the treatment of fungal intraocular infections in the future.

scholarly journals Sexual maturity in rabbits defined by the physical and chemical characteristics of the semen

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Macari ◽  
C. R. Machado
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Artificial Vagina

Semen was collected weekly from New Zealand white rabbits from the 1st positive mounting test to 43 weeks of age by means of an artificial vagina. The mean values of the results obtained in the 1st and 20th collection weeks were respectively: volume (ml) 0·61 ± 0·30 and 0·70 ± 0·19; pH 7·22 ± 0·50 and 7·19 ± 0±15; concentration (sperm/mm3 x 103) 750 ± 207 and 381 ± 90; fructose (mg/l00 ml) 117 ± 58 and 203 ± 121; citric acid (mg/l00 ml) 256 ± 90 and 200 ± 97; sodium ions (mEq/l) 133 ± 31 and 163 ± 46; potassium ions (mEq/l) 40 ± 21 and 29 ± 14. On the basis of these results, New Zealand white rabbits reach sexual maturity by 6 months of age.

scholarly journals Role of Helicobacter felis in Chronic Canine Gastritis

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lee ◽  
S. Krakowka ◽  
J. G. Fox ◽  
G. Otto ◽  
K. A. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Helicobacter Felis ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Histopathologic Changes ◽  
Gastric Parietal Cells

Five gnotobiotic Beagle dogs were orally inoculated with a pure culture of Helicobacter felis. The remaining two littermates served as contact controls. Thirty days after infection, all animals were euthanatized and specimens were collected for evaluation. In infected dogs, H. felis was recovered from all areas of the stomach. Colonization was heaviest in the fundus and antrum. H. felis was not cultured from any segment of the gastrointestinal tract distal to the duodenum. Two weeks after infection, all five infected dogs had detectable IgM and IgG serum antibody to H. felis, whereas control dogs had no measurable H. felis serum antibody throughout the study. Histopathologic changes in the stomachs of infected dogs included large numbers of lymphoid nodules throughout all regions of the gastric mucosa and were most numerous in the fundus and body. A mild, diffuse lymphocytic infiltrate with small numbers of plasma cells and eosinophils was also present in the subglandular region of all portions of the gastric mucosa. Electron microscopic examination revealed large numbers of spiral-shaped H. felis in gastric mucus adjacent to or superimposed over the areas of inflammation. Occasionally, however, H. felis was observed within the canaliculi of gastric parietal cells. Histopathologic changes in the stomachs of the contact control dogs were limited to focal infiltrates of eosinophils and small aggregates of lymphocytes in the subglandular portions of the gastric mucosa in one animal. Infection with H. felis is a likely cause of naturally occurring lymphofollicular gastritis.

Multiple supratentorial hemangioblastomas

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakuntla Ishwar ◽  
Raymond M. Taniguchi ◽  
F. Stephen Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parietal Area ◽  
Erythropoietin Production ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mass Lesions

✓ Multiple hemangioblastomas were found above the tentorium in a 62-year-old woman who first had a discrete 2.5 cm tumor removed from the superior aspect of the tentorium adjacent to the falx, and 2 years later developed two more intracranial mass lesions, one in the right parietal area, the other attached to the dura of the right frontal fossa. Histological examination of all three tumors showed precisely the same well-differentiated morphology of hemangioblastoma. Foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis were present within them. Electron microscopic examination of the last two lesions disclosed secretory granules within the tumor cells, indicative of erythropoietin production, as described previously in a hemangioblastoma. Collagen and endothelial cells were not present in quantities consistent with an angioblastic meningioma. The genesis of hemangioblastomas is discussed.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELLS

1971 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred G. Gudat ◽  
T. N. Harris ◽  
Susanna Harris ◽  
Klaus Hummeler
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Lymphoid Cell Population ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Tritium Labeling

A study of the kinetics of antibody-producing cells has been carried out by the use of rosette formation for detection of individual antibody-producing cells, and labeling with tritiated thymidine, in cells obtained from mouse spleens at intervals after injection of SRBC. Following a primary injection of the antigen, the number of RFC per million cells was found to increase to a peak at 5 days, then, after a decrease, to a second peak at about the 10th day. The curve of tritium labeling of RFC was also biphasic, with peaks on the 3rd and 7th day. The second increase in rosette-forming cells could be shown to involve, especially between the 7th and 9th day, a second increase in lymphoid cell RFC and, among these, 7S antibody-producing cells. When the population examined was restricted to large lymphocytes, two peaks of RFC per million cells and two peaks of labeling were again found. In this case, however, the peaks of RFC and of labeling were reached on the same day in each instance, rather than with the 2 day difference found in the entire spleen cell suspension or the entire lymphoid cell population. Electron microscopic examination of labeled rosette-forming cells showed these to be largely lymphocytes, but to include rather well differentiated plasmablasts as well. No macrophages were found among labeled RFC in the primary response. A substantial number of labeled lymphocytes were found in close contiguity with rosette-forming macrophages. The percentage of labeling in such lymphocytes was as high, on the respective days, as the percentage of labeled cells among the RFC of the entire suspension.

scholarly journals Clinical Studies and Pre-clinical Animal Models on Facial Nerve Preservation, Reconstruction, and Regeneration Following Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Surgery–A Systematic Review and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel C. Hostettler ◽  
Narayan Jayashankar ◽  
Christos Bikis ◽  
Stefan Wanderer ◽  
Edin Nevzati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Tumor Surgery ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

Background and purpose: Tumorous lesions developing in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) get into close contact with the 1st (cisternal) and 2nd (meatal) intra-arachnoidal portion of the facial nerve (FN). When surgical damage occurs, commonly known reconstruction strategies are often associated with poor functional recovery. This article aims to provide a systematic overview for translational research by establishing the current evidence on available clinical studies and experimental models reporting on intracranial FN injury.Methods: A systematic literature search of several databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Medline) was performed prior to July 2020. Suitable articles were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included clinical studies were reviewed and categorized according to the pathology and surgical resection strategy, and experimental studies according to the animal. For anatomical study purposes, perfusion-fixed adult New Zealand white rabbits were used for radiological high-resolution imaging and anatomical dissection of the CPA and periotic skull base.Results: One hundred forty four out of 166 included publications were clinical studies reporting on FN outcomes after CPA-tumor surgery in 19,136 patients. During CPA-tumor surgery, the specific vulnerability of the intracranial FN to stretching and compression more likely leads to neurapraxia or axonotmesis than neurotmesis. Severe FN palsy was reported in 7 to 15 % after vestibular schwannoma surgery, and 6% following the resection of CPA-meningioma. Twenty-two papers reported on experimental studies, out of which only 6 specifically used intracranial FN injury in a rodent (n = 4) or non-rodent model (n = 2). Rats and rabbits offer a feasible model for manipulation of the FN in the CPA, the latter was further confirmed in our study covering the radiological and anatomical analysis of perfusion fixed periotic bones.Conclusion: The particular anatomical and physiological features of the intracranial FN warrant a distinguishment of experimental models for intracranial FN injuries. New Zealand White rabbits might be a very cost-effective and valuable option to test new experimental approaches for intracranial FN regeneration. Flexible and bioactive biomaterials, commonly used in skull base surgery, endowed with trophic and topographical functions, should address the specific needs of intracranial FN injuries.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural study of eosinophils from patients with the hypereosinophilic syndrome: a morphological basis of hypodense eosinophils

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Peters ◽  
GJ Gleich ◽  
SL Dunnette ◽  
T Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Basic Protein ◽  
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Individual Granule ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Percent Area

We investigated the ultrastructural characteristics and the granule major basic protein (MBP) content of hypodense eosinophils from patients with the hypereosinophilic syndrome who had at least 90% hypodense eosinophils in their peripheral blood and compared these cells to normodense eosinophils from normal persons. The hypodense cells (density less than 1.082) contained significantly less MBP than normodense (density greater than 1.082) eosinophils (P less than .001) as measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Electron microscopic examination demonstrated a mean of 25.0 +/- 4.4 (X +/- 1 SD) granules per hypodense cell, compared to 30.6 +/- 8.4 granules per cell in the normodense group (P less than .1). The most striking difference between the hypodense and normodense eosinophils was the small individual granule size (X = .14 +/- .05 v .26 +/- .05 micron 2, respectively, P less than .001), and the smaller total granule area (3.2 +/- 1.8 vs 7.7 +/- 3.1 micron 2, respectively, P less than .001). Because the cytoplasmic areas were similar in the two groups, the mean percent area of cytoplasm occupied by granules was significantly lower in the hypodense group (P less than .001). The finding of consistently smaller granules in the presence of equal or fewer granules per cell in the hypodense eosinophils may explain the lower MBP content and thus provide a morphologic basis for the low density of eosinophils in patients with the hypereosinophilic syndrome.

A light and electron microscopic examination of novel features of fish granulomas

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 862-863
Author(s):  
M.J. Dykstra ◽  
E.J. Noga
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Electron Microscopic

A typical mammalian granuloma resulting from chronic inflammation is primarily composed of plasma cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes and giant cells. So-called epithelioid cells are usually found in granulomas of immunological origin and are derived from the mononuclear phagocyte series. Epithelioid cell granulomas are associated with a number of infectious diseases of man such as tuberculosis, schistosomiasis and fungal infections such as coccidioidomycosis.Tissues from Atlantic menhaden and Tilapia fish were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for light microscopy. Replicate samples were fixed with McDowell's and Trump's fixative, embedded in Spurr's resin, sectioned, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined with a transmission electron microscope.Three fish granulomas were examined: 1) A granuloma of unknown origin in a menhaden spleen (Figs. 1,2); 2) A granuloma induced by fungal hyphae in a menhaden with ulcerative mycosis (Figs. 3,4); and 3) A granuloma due to mycobacteriosis in Tilapia (Figs. 5,6).

Computed tomographic study of safe implantation corridors in rabbit lumbar vertebrae

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tisha Harper ◽  
Stephen Joslyn ◽  
Julia Whittington ◽  
Devon Hague ◽  
Mark Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Bone Stock ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Mean

Summary Objectives: A study was performed to evaluate the lumbar vertebrae of domestic rabbits using computed tomography (CT) in order to identify safe corridors for implant insertion. Methods: Computed tomography imaging of 20 adult New Zealand white rabbits was evaluated using three-dimensional multi -planar reconstruction, and safe corridors were determined. Following corridor determination, implant placement was performed, and imaging was repeated. Results: The cranial and caudal endplates contained the majority of the vertebral bone stock, and were an average of 3.14 and 3.30 mm in length, respectively. The mean safe corridor angle was 62.9 degrees (range: 58.8–66.7), and the mean width of the corridor was 2.03 mm (range: 1.60– 2.07). Post-placement imaging revealed that 35% of the pins demonstrated errors of placement, most commonly canal impingement. Conclusions: The results of the corridor evaluation indicate that an insertion angle of approximately 60 degrees relative to the sagittal midline is appropriate for implant insertion in the lumbar vertebrae of New Zealand white rabbits. Additionally, due to the hourglass shape of rabbit vertebrae, the endplates provide maximal bone stock for implant purchase, so insertion should be attempted in these regions. However, the high percentage of errors in placement indicate the need to more clearly define entry points to access the canal, and highlight the challenges of appropriate placement in the small bones of rabbits.

scholarly journals Chorion Structure of Diapause and Subitaneous Eggs of Four Diaptomid Copepods (Calanoida, Diaptomidae): SEM Observations

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. e-26-e-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Samchyshyna ◽  
B. Santer
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Patterned Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diaptomid Copepods ◽  
Scanning Electron

Chorion Structure of Diapause and Subitaneous Eggs of Four Diaptomid Copepods (Calanoida, Diaptomidae): SEM ObservationsScanning electron microscopic examination of diapause eggs of freshwater CalanoidaHemidiaptomus amblyodonMarenzeller,Eudiaptomus vulgaris(Schmeil),E. graciloides(Lilljeborg) and subitaneous one s ofE. gracilis(Sars) is described. The chorion surface ornamentation and number of coated layers are revealed. Diapause eggs have a thick (0.6-4.8 μ), at least two-layered chorion with patterned surface, whereas subitaneous eggs have a thin (0.13-0.25 μ), single-layered chorion with smooth surface. The mean number of eggs in egg sac, diameter of eggs and thickness of chorion were measured. The significance of the egg chorion thickness for diaptomid species inhabited temporary and/or permanent water-bodies is discussed.

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