Examining Developmental Patterns of Prison Misconduct: An Integrated Model Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (14) ◽  
pp. 2406-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Cihan ◽  
Jon R. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Prison Misconduct ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Model Approach

Recent prison scholarship has employed an integrated model of the developmental/life-course perspectives and importation model to examine prison misconduct. Using longitudinal data from a large sample of inmates incarcerated in a U.S. prison system, this study attempts to validate and expand recent prison research by systematically examining the relationship among inmate characteristics and misconduct trajectories, particularly for the higher/chronic pattern of misconduct relative to other identified clusters. The results show that smaller groups of inmates have persistent criminal careers and continually engaged in high level of misconduct. In addition, several inmate characteristics associated with prison misconduct can also be useful to distinguishing high-risk inmates/persistent offenders from groups that offend at low rates over time. These findings could provide vital information to prison officials in developing and designing alternative prison services, assistance, and rehabilitation programs based on the misconduct trajectories.

Measuring Situation Awareness in an Attack Helicopter Domain: An Exploratory Investigation

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
Eileen B. Entin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

We contrasted two methods for assessing situation awareness (SA) in a dynamic, fast-paced military domain, a high-level measure based on subjects' responses to global questions about a tactical situation and a detailed measure based on their answers to questions about specific elements of the situation. We hypothesized that the two measures would be correlated, and while they were initially, as a dynamic simulation progressed, the relationship between the two measures decreased. We also hypothesized that level of SA would be correlated over time, but the two approaches to the assessment of SA lead to different conclusions, with the high-level measure showing a significant correlation while the detailed measure was not correlated across the measurement periods. The internal consistency of the detailed measure also decreased over time, suggesting that SA becomes more fragmented as a dynamic situation develops, and calling into question the appropriateness of measuring SA as a unified concept.

scholarly journals The Relationship of the Components of the "I"-Image with the Mental States of Students in the Process of Studying over Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Evgen'evna Valiullina ◽  
Irina Sergeevna Reshetnikova
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Continuum ◽  
Over Time

The study is devoted to the study of the structure of the interconnections of the components of the "I" -image of students with the various mental states they experience in the context of studying at a university. Students determined the severity of the components of the "I" -image in three time continua - in the past (1st year), in the present (3rd year), in the future (4th year). They also determined the frequency of occurrence of mental states during the first two years of study using a special questionnaire. Then a correlation analysis was carried out, which made it possible to find relationships with a high level of reliability between the components of the "I" -image of students and some mental states experienced in two educational situations, which differ qualitatively depending on the time continuum. Based on the results obtained, conclusions were drawn about the presence of relationships, thanks to which it is possible to exert a certain influence on the experienced mental sta

The Relationship Between Cocaine Use, Drug Sales, and Other Delinquency Among a Cohort of High-Risk Youths Over Time

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Dembo ◽  
◽  
Linda Williams ◽  
Werner Wothke ◽  
James Schmeidler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Drug Sales ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Persistent BK Polyomavirus Viruria Is Associated with Accumulation of VP1 Mutations and Neutralization Escape

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorian McIlroy ◽  
Mario Hönemann ◽  
Ngoc-Khanh Nguyen ◽  
Paul Barbier ◽  
Cécile Peltier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Virus Population ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Bk Polyomavirus ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Over Time

To investigate the relationship between neutralization escape and persistent high-level BK polyomavirus replication after kidney transplant (KTx), VP1 sequences were determined by Sanger and next-generation sequencing in longitudinal samples from KTx recipients with persistent high-level viruria (non-controllers) compared to patients who suppressed viruria (controllers). The infectivity and neutralization resistance of representative VP1 mutants were investigated using pseudotype viruses. In all patients, the virus population was initially dominated by wild-type VP1 sequences, then non-synonymous VP1 mutations accumulated over time in non-controllers. BC-loop mutations resulted in reduced infectivity in 293TT cells and conferred neutralization escape from cognate serum in five out of six non-controller patients studied. When taken as a group, non-controller sera were not more susceptible to neutralization escape than controller sera, so serological profiling cannot predict subsequent control of virus replication. However, at an individual level, in three non-controller patients the VP1 variants that emerged exploited specific “holes” in the patient’s humoral response. Persistent high-level BK polyomavirus replication in KTx recipients is therefore associated with the accumulation of VP1 mutations that can confer resistance to neutralization, implying that future BKPyV therapies involving IVIG or monoclonal antibodies may be more effective when used as preventive or pre-emptive, rather than curative, strategies.

The relationship between orchard crowding, light interception, and productivity in macadamia

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. McFadyen ◽  
S. G. Morris ◽  
M. A. Oldham ◽  
D. O. Huett ◽  
N. M. Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Yield Decline ◽  
Yield Change ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Orchard crowding in the macadamia industry is common and there has been concern that it reduces yield and quality. To investigate this we monitored yield, nut quality, tree volume, and light interception in macadamia orchards (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche) that represented a range in crowding. The predicted rate of change in yield/ha with time remained positive, i.e. yield increased over time, for orchards with crowding levels up to a tree volume of 43 500 m3/ha and light interception of 94%. There was a trend for the rate of yield change to decrease with increasing tree volume/ha. For orchards with tree volume >43 500 m3/ha the rate was negative, indicating a slight decline in yield over time. There was no evidence of a detrimental effect of orchard crowding on percentage kernel recovery, unsound kernel, or grade 1 kernel. It appears that macadamia, unlike many other orchard crops, can maintain yield and quality up to a high level of orchard crowding. The implication of this is that timing of canopy management and optimum canopy dimensions will be dictated by management requirements for machinery access and effective spray coverage before yield decline becomes an issue.

High-Risk Youth Behaviors Decreasing Over Time

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
MARY ELLEN SCHNEIDER
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
High Risk Youth ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Youth Behaviors

Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie von Stumm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

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