Let’s get rich: Multilevel marketing and the moral economy in Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Schiffauer
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Multilevel Marketing ◽  
Rural Part

Multinational multilevel marketing companies like Amway advertise the opportunity to get rich by selling their products and by recruiting further salespeople into their schemes. Multilevel marketing is a highly contested industry worldwide because of its predatory marketing strategies, exaggerated promises and the fact that only few participants are successful in their attempt to make money. This paper examines the moral logics of multilevel marketing in a rural part of Southeast Siberia, exploring how Amway manages to thrive on the basis of intimate social relationships. I argue that it is not only individual aspirations and the dream of great wealth which makes people join multilevel marketing schemes, but that feelings of obligation, expectations of support and intimate pressure are crucial for pushing people towards such economic activity.

Moral economy: What’s in a name

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G Carrier
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Empty Symbol ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Moral Economic

The idea of moral economy has been increasingly popular in the social sciences over the past decade, given a confusing variety of meanings and sometimes invoked as an empty symbol. This paper begins by describing this state of affairs and some of its undesirable corollaries, which include unthinking invocations of the moral and simplistic views of some sorts of economic activity. Then, referring especially to the work of EP Thompson and James C Scott, this paper proposes a more precise definition of moral economy that roots moral economic activity in the mutual obligations that arise when people transact with each other over the course of time. It thus distinguishes between the moral values that are the context of economic activity and those that arise from the activity itself. The solution that the paper proposes to the confused state of ‘moral economy’ can, therefore, be seen as terminological, as the sub-title suggests, but it is intended to have the substantive benefits of a better approach to economic activity and circulation and a more explicit and thoughtful attention to moral value.

scholarly journals ‘If you are having a go at me, I am going to have a go at you’: the changing nature of social relationships of bank work under performance management

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1000-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Performance Management Systems ◽  
Labour Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Work And Employment

Over the last three decades work and employment in the private and public sector are increasingly subject to marketization processes. A defining feature of marketized employment is the rise of performance management systems (PMS). This article utilizes a novel framework of Sayer’s moral economy approach and labour process theory to explore the changing nature of bank work and social relationships between branch managers and branch workers before and after the implementation of PMS in UK banks. This article illustrates how the social and moral texture of the social relationships between branch workers and their managers deteriorated after the implementation of PMS, resulting in the rise of hostile forms of engagement.

scholarly journals Ouasel village in western Anbar plateau as a model of desert villages in Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-84
Author(s):  
Assist. Prof. Dr. Latif M.H. Al-Dulaimy
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Euphrates Valley

         Ouasel village had been originated in western Anbar plateau before one century ago. It is located at 3km north of al-wafaa town. Its community combined from some Arabic tribes that applied agricultural practices as in Euphrates valley of Anbar province. Sheep grazing was motivator to be first establishment where some immigrants were stabilized there. Later, they were applying cultivation activity with determinant areas. They also worked in rock, sand and gravels quarries which distributed in western plateau per se. therefore, in general Ouasel village is considered as a model for desert villages in Iraq based on its nature of establishment, economic activity and social relationships among its population. Furthermore, the governorate strategy is clearly disable to provide population and services level in this village. Thus it could be recommended to find curing solutions to develop this desert village of Anbar.

scholarly journals Study of periodic processes of changing the number of innovations in relation to Kondratiev cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 04031
Author(s):  
Sofia Diakonova ◽  
Stepan Artyshchenko ◽  
Daria Sysoeva ◽  
Igor Surovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Mathieu Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Trigger Effect ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Periodic Processes ◽  
Innovative Economy

In this paper, we propose a Supplement to the theory of the emergence of innovations in long Kondratiev cycles. The regularities of the emergence of crisis phenomena and the contribution of J. Schumpeter to the development of the innovative economy are considered. A comparative analysis of Marketing strategies is carried out. Schumpeter and N. D. Kondratiev, identified distinctive factors and common combinations. The stages of long wave cycles over several decades are analyzed. The analysis revealed innovative peaks that occur in the middle of the depression phase, followed by stages of economic activity growth after a certain period of time. The authors studied the theory of the trigger effect of depression, similar to the trigger action, which results in an avalanche of innovation growth. To confirm the theory of the existence of the “trigger effect of depression”, statistical data on the number of patents and applications filed in Russia and the United States for several decades, which are indicators of innovation activity, are presented. The authors put forward a hypothesis about the possibility of describing the periodic change in the number of innovations over time using “parametric resonance” models and the Mathieu equation.

Gift giving in mass consumption markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaf Darr
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Chain Store ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Research Propositions

What types of social relationships and expressions of moral economy does gift giving foster in mass consumption markets? Approaching this issue through the literature on gift giving in advanced capitalist contexts and the sociology of markets, this study presents gifting as a micro-foundational element in contemporary markets. Analysis of 50 interviews and documentation of daily sales encounters in a computer chain store in Tel-Aviv, Israel, found that buyers and sellers there exchange three types of gifts (contractual, closing and post-sale gifts) ordered along a continuum according to degree of subordination to the market economy and logic. Empirical investigation of four research propositions derived from the literature reveals that marketplace gifting fosters various types of relationships, both horizontal and vertical. The study suggests that gifting helps constitute ephemeral ties during brief sales encounters through the invocation of archetypical social roles, which encapsulate types of social relationships with others. The discussion highlights the contribution of this study to the sociology of markets and to gift theory and presents questions for future research.

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan UMKM Bakso Kemasan “Ada Rasa” Melalui Analisis Religiusitas Strategi Marketing di Jekulo Kudus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Eni Kusrini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
National Economic

<p>Empowerment of UMKM as a forum for implementing the micro-economy to encourage economic growth nationally. This empowerment must be able to increase economic activity to the fullest. The existence of UMKM that are dominant as national economic actors is also a vital subject in development, because it is possible to expand opportunities for entrepreneurship, empowering workers, and reducing unemployment in a country in general. To create empowerment of UMKM as a mandate, it is necessary to have religious accountability in the implementation of UMKM. Religiosity is the internalization diversity that exists in a person as a form of devotion to religion at the behest of Allah SWT. Therefore, marketing strategies are needed in the success of UMKM based on rules.</p>

scholarly journals Style zarządzania kobiet i mężczyzn w biznesie

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Dźwigoł-Barosz
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Essential Variable ◽  
Hard Times

The following article presents male and female management styles. The article shows results of research carried out by domestic and foreign researchers, including the author’s own work about sex-related management styles. It also presents management styles in hard times. A particular focus was placed on skills and competences that are of growing importance in the uncertain business environment. Furthermore, the article underlines the role of business leaders’ emotional intelligence, the latter being a supplement to rational intelligence. An emphasis was placed on the role of emotional intelligence in the economic activity, determining social relationships between employees. It is also an essential variable in the field of company management.

Believing Is Seeing: Perspectives on Political Power and Economic Activity in the Malay World 1700–1940

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Political Power ◽  
European History ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
The West ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Correct Path ◽  
Western Historiography ◽  
As If

Western historiography assumes a chronological linear unfolding of progress, and early Western commentators on Asian societies tended to see them as stagnant variants of earlier phases in European history, as feudal despotisms and passive, unchanging village communities. In assessing levels of “development” or “progress” such observers looked for recognizable specialist institutions in politics and the economy; finding few such institutions, they saw only “backwardness”. To most Europeans, trying to make sense of unknown societies and cultures, the alien could only be made comprehensible by identifying it with the familiar. It was then all too easy to proceed as if the unknown was simply a mutant or primitive version of the known. Ideas, social relationships and values which were literally beyond their ken, were often simply not seen at all. In their observations of both political and economic systems, they saw decline, corruption and confusion because they failed to recognize the patterns which structured society. So it seemed natural that the West should dominate such societies and guide them on the correct path.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF ECOTOURISM: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SLOVAKIA AND SERBIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Škvareninová ◽  
◽  
Mario Lukinović ◽  
Larisa Jovanović ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domestic Tourism

The demand for nature and ecotourism has been constantly rising last forty years and it will continue to grow. Due to the coronavirus, domestic tourism will increase exponentially, which would enhance ecotourism development. Foreigners and local tourists have become more aware to leave a positive impact on the environment where they travel and where they live. Serbia and Slovakia have a great potential to become attractive ecotourism destinations. Both countries are countries with a similar population number, no access to the sea, but with preserved nature, great gastronomic offer, and the main potential next to the capitals of Bratislava and Belgrade lies in ecotourism. At the same time, domestic ecotourism is a perfect economic activity that promotes sustainability and development. In the less developed regions, ecotourism can bring new employment opportunities and increase demand for local products. Agrotourism and rural tourism are inevitable part of sustainable development in Slovakia and Serbia. Despite of small territories of Slovakia and Serbia, both countries can offer a wide range of sceneries and natural beauties to be explored. This article aims to analyze the potential of ecotourism in the Slovak Republic and Serbia. To achieve the objective results, we’ve surveyed the foreign and local respondents. Our study also analyzes whether marketing strategies and promotion of domestic ecotourism is effective to attract tourists. The obtained results will be evaluated and compared. In the last part, the paper focuses on eco labels that currently exist in Serbia and Slovakia.

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