scholarly journals Multiple entrepreneurial ecosystems? Worker cooperative development in Toronto and Montréal

2022 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110632
Author(s):  
Jason Spicer ◽  
Michelle Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Cooperative Development ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Worker Cooperative

The emergence in practice of worker cooperative ecosystems, which draws on the entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) concept, has been largely ignored in academic research. Contrasting worker cooperative development efforts in Toronto with Montréal, we affirm there are multiple and multiscalar EEs in each region, including both a dominant capitalist and a worker cooperative EE. Productive enterprises like worker cooperatives, operating with a different logic than investor-owned firms, not only construct their own EE, but the relational connectedness of the worker cooperative EE to other EEs also plays a role in outcomes. Worker cooperatives have been less successful in navigating these dynamics in Toronto than in Montréal. Future research might seek to more fully specify the relational and multiscalar configuration of regions’ multiple EEs.

scholarly journals Evolutionary entrepreneurial ecosystems: a research pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sunghwan Cho ◽  
Paul Ryan ◽  
Giulio Buciuni
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Growth Adaptation ◽  
Modes Of Governance ◽  
Widespread Interest

AbstractThe recent widespread interest of policy in entrepreneurial ecosystems has been complemented by a burgeoning academic research output. This research to date may be broadly categorized as focusing on place, actors, governance, and evolution. Of these groupings, evolutionary processes have been paid least attention despite their centrality to a dynamic ecosystem phenomenon that evolves from an origin through processes of growth, adaptation, and resilience. To redress this imbalance, we frame a future research agenda on evolutionary processes of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Foremost amongst these are the competing lens for the evolutionary processes, the appropriate and evolving geographic scope and boundaries of the ecosystem, and the evolving visible or invisible modes of governance. Methodologically, we call for greater use of longitudinal studies of such evolutionary processes.

Worker cooperatives: alternative governance for caring and precarious work

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Berry ◽  
Myrtle P. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Business Form ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions ◽  
Worker Cooperative

PurposePrecarious work, characterized by low wages, unpredictable schedules and hours, physical hazards, and stressful psychosocial conditions, is a significant problem in the twenty-first century US economy. It most harshly affects women, racial/ethnic minorities, and immigrants. Caring labor jobs often involve precarious work and home health aide jobs are among the most precarious of these. With an ageing population creating high demand and a decline in the number of available workers, a societal crisis looms. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a business form that could positively impact the home care work environment.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews previous research to call for closer examination of worker cooperatives as a means to reduce precarious work among home health care workers.FindingsWorker cooperatives provide opportunities for economic empowerment for impoverished and marginalized workers. Cooperative Home Care Associates, a worker cooperative in the home care industry, reports better outcomes to workers than similar conventionally governed businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper reviews results of a study comparing three organizational forms in the home health industry. Although there are relatively few worker cooperatives in the USA, future research should investigate this structure both where there is a low-wage labor force, and in general.Practical implicationsBetter outcomes for employees in the worker cooperative suggest that this is a viable business form for workers in precarious work environments.Social implicationsThe paper highlights the features of an organizational form that could help alleviate social ills caused by precarious work.Originality/valueThis paper considers the structure and function of a business form little studied in the management discipline. Based on their unique features and possibilities, worker cooperatives should be of interest to equality, diversity, and inclusion scholars; and to strategy, organizational behavior, and entrepreneurship scholars.

scholarly journals A War of Position: Ideas on a Strategy for Worker Cooperative Development

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Baldacchino
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Third World ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Cooperative Development ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Worker Cooperative

This paper explores briefly how the 'war of position' strategy advocated by neo-Marxist theoretician Antonio Gramsci may be construed as a model for the successful development of worker cooperatives. The approach can provide valuable theoretical support to the myriad pragmatic cooperative projects underway in different economic and sociopolitical contexts; it also justifies the crucial role of institutional, political and cultural supportive mechanisms in economically and democratically successful worker cooperative development. This framework identifies obstacles to worker cooperative promotion emanating from generalized First, Second and Third World scenarios. An assessmnent of the prospects of implementation of the Gramscian-inspired strategy (including potential pitfalls) concludes the paper.

Recent Trends in the Worker-Ownership Movement in Canada: Four Alternative Models

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Quarter
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cooperative Development ◽  
Worker Ownership ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Worker Cooperative ◽  
Privately Owned

Ontaro Institute for Studies in Educafton This paper analyzes four relatively recent models for the creation of worker-owned enterprises in Canada. The models are: (1) an integrated system of worker cooperatives; (2) integrating worker cooperatives within a system of other types of cooperatives; (3) a system of multi-stakeholder cooperatives; and (4) joint ventures involving a cooperative of the workers in partnership with privately owned corporations, private entrepreneurs and in some cases with established worker cooperatives. These four models are analyzed in terms of their potential to overcome problems that have traditionally plagued worker cooperative development.

Does Recent Academic Research Support Changes to Audit Reporting Standards?

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Bédard ◽  
Paul Coram ◽  
Reza Espahbodi ◽  
Theodore J. Mock
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Reporting Process

SYNOPSIS The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB), and the U.K. Financial Reporting Council (FRC) have proposed or approved standards that significantly change the independent auditor's report. These initiatives require the auditor to make additional disclosures intended to close the information gap; that is, the gap between the information users desire and the information available through the audited financial statements, other corporate disclosures, and the auditor's report. They are also intended to improve the relevancy of the auditor's report. We augment prior academic research by providing standard setters with an updated synthesis of relevant research. More importantly, we provide an assessment of whether the changes are likely to close the information gap, which is important to financial market participants and other stakeholders in the audit reporting process. Also, we identify areas where there seems to be a lack of sufficient research. These results are of interest to all stakeholders in the audit reporting process, as the changes to the auditor's report are fundamental. Additionally, our summaries of research on the auditor's report highlight where there is limited research or inconsistent results, which will help academics identify important opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals A survey of methods for evaluating mini-publics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeuchi Ayano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Decision Making

AbstractPublic participation has become increasingly necessary to connect a wide range of knowledge and various values to agenda setting, decision-making and policymaking. In this context, deliberative democratic concepts, especially “mini-publics,” are gaining attention. Generally, mini-publics are conducted with randomly selected lay citizens who provide sufficient information to deliberate on issues and form final recommendations. Evaluations are conducted by practitioner researchers and independent researchers, but the results are not standardized. In this study, a systematic review of existing research regarding practices and outcomes of mini-publics was conducted. To analyze 29 papers, the evaluation methodologies were divided into 4 categories of a matrix between the evaluator and evaluated data. The evaluated cases mainly focused on the following two points: (1) how to maintain deliberation quality, and (2) the feasibility of mini-publics. To create a new path to the political decision-making process through mini-publics, it must be demonstrated that mini-publics can contribute to the decision-making process and good-quality deliberations are of concern to policy-makers and experts. Mini-publics are feasible if they can contribute to the political decision-making process and practitioners can evaluate and understand the advantages of mini-publics for each case. For future research, it is important to combine practical case studies and academic research, because few studies have been evaluated by independent researchers.

scholarly journals Crowdsourcing and open innovation: a systematic literature review, an integrated framework and a research agenda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livio Cricelli ◽  
Michele Grimaldi ◽  
Silvia Vermicelli
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Word Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn recent years, Open Innovation (OI) and crowdsourcing have been very popular topics in the innovation management literature, attracting significant interest and attention, and inspiring a rich production of publications. Although these two topics share common themes and address similar managerial challenges, to the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic literature review that digs deep into the intersection of both fields. To fill in this gap a joint review of crowdsourcing and OI topics is both timely and of interest. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to carry out a comprehensive, systematic, and objective review of academic research to help shed light on the relationship between OI and crowdsourcing. For this purpose, we reviewed the literature published on these two topics between 2008 and 2019, applying two bibliometric techniques, co-citation and co-word analysis. We obtained the following results: (i) we provide a qualitative analysis of the emerging and trending themes, (ii) we discuss a characterization of the intersection between OI and crowdsourcing, identifying four dimensions (strategic, managerial, behavioral, and technological), (iii) we present a schematic reconceptualization of the thematic clusters, proposing an integrated view. We conclude by suggesting promising opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals Condition Monitoring of Rail Transport Systems: A Bibliometric Performance Analysis and Systematic Literature Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4710
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kostrzewski ◽  
Rafał Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Rail Systems

Condition monitoring of rail transport systems has become a phenomenon of global interest over the past half a century. The approaches to condition monitoring of various rail transport systems—especially in the context of rail vehicle subsystem and track subsystem monitoring—have been evolving, and have become equally significant and challenging. The evolution of the approaches applied to rail systems’ condition monitoring has followed manual maintenance, through methods connected to the application of sensors, up to the currently discussed methods and techniques focused on the mutual use of automation, data processing, and exchange. The aim of this paper is to provide an essential overview of the academic research on the condition monitoring of rail transport systems. This paper reviews existing literature in order to present an up-to-date, content-based analysis based on a coupled methodology consisting of bibliometric performance analysis and systematic literature review. This combination of literature review approaches allows the authors to focus on the identification of the most influential contributors to the advances in research in the analyzed area of interest, and the most influential and prominent researchers, journals, and papers. These findings have led the authors to specify research trends related to the analyzed area, and additionally identify future research agendas in the investigation from engineering perspectives.

scholarly journals Social Media Use Among Young People in China: A Systematic Literature Review

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110164
Author(s):  
Lian Tang ◽  
Siti Zobidah Omar ◽  
Jusang Bolong ◽  
Julia Wirza Mohd Zawawi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young People ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Systematic Analysis

The widespread use of social media has promoted extensive academic research on this channel. The present study conducts a systematic analysis of extant research on social media use among young people in China. This systematic literature review aims to identify and bridge gaps in topics, theories, variables, and conceptual frameworks in studies of social media usage among young people in China. The study aims to develop a cause–effect framework that shows the causal relationships among research structures. The PRISMA method is used to review 20 articles drawn from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. From the analysis, 10 major research topics, eight theories or models, and a complete framework of causal relations emerge. It is recommended that future research on social media should include a greater diversity of types of social media, investigate a wider range of research topics, and adopt different theories or models. Researchers should also implement a more complete and detailed systematic method for reviewing literature on social media research in China.

Recent developments in China’s biopharmaceutical industry (2012-2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-707
Author(s):  
Marcus Conlé
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drug Regulator ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Product Portfolios

Purpose The paper aims to take stock of China’s recent biopharmaceutical industry development by analyzing product innovation and changes in the firms’ product portfolios during the five-year period between 2012 and 2017. Design/methodology/approach The paper introduces a classification of biopharmaceutical products. By applying the classification to the product data of China’s drug regulator, the CFDA, it becomes possible to trace the developments within the sector by looking at changes in the number of firms within each subgroup and changes in the number of subgroups in which each firm is involved. The classification allows an evaluation of the latest product innovation achievements. Findings The paper demonstrates a mild shakeout of firms in the relatively long-existing domestic market segments, a trend toward more specialized product portfolios and an enduring prevalence of innovation strategies aimed at exploiting relatively unpopulated domestic market niches instead of pioneering entirely new products. Especially the capability of upgrading to second-generation protein therapeutics has become a key criterion for separating the wheat and the chaff in China’s domestic sector. The paper moreover points out the relevance of acquisitions as a corporate growth strategy. Research limitations/implications The research does not consider complementary indicators, product pipelines in particular. Future research should compare patterns across emerging economies. Originality/value The paper is unique in using the CFDA database for systematic academic research on (bio)pharmaceutical innovation and in introducing a biopharmaceutical product classification to trace innovative activities and changes in corporate product portfolios over time.

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