Family Patterns in East African Communities Implications for Children Affected by Hiv/Aids

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Matovu ◽  
Mary Mwatsama ◽  
Benigna Ndagire
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
East African ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Uk ◽  
African Families ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

In recent years there has been an increasing demand to support adults, children and families affected and infected by HIV/AIDS. Current statistics in the Thames Region show that the majority of affected families are of African descent. This paper by Louise Matovu, Mary Mwatsama and Benigna Ndagire focuses on the need for permanence planning for children from East African families predominately from Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, who have migrated to the UK, and how their cultural values, family patterns and structures influence their perceptions and uptake of social services. The authors draw on their professional and personal experiences to highlight some useful ways in which an East African family could be supported through an effective permanence planning process for their children. The impact of migration as well as of HIV status is considered.

scholarly journals Personalisation schemes in social care and inequality: review of the evidence and early theorising

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Carey ◽  
Brad Crammond ◽  
Eleanor Malbon
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Personalisation is a growing international policy paradigm that aims to create both improved outcomes for individuals, and reduce fiscal pressures on government, by giving greater choice and control to citizens accessing social services. In personalisation schemes, individuals purchase services from a ‘service market’ using individual budgets or vouchers given to them by governments. Personalisation schemes have grown in areas such as disability and aged care across Europe, the UK and Australia. There is a wealth of evidence in public health and health care that demonstrates that practically all forms of social services, programs and interventions produce unequal benefit depending on socio-economic position. Research has found that skills required to successfully negotiate service systems leads to disproportionate benefit to the ‘middle class. With an unprecedented emphasis on individual skills, personalisation has even greater potential to widen and entrench social inequalities. Despite the increase in numbers of people now accessing services through such schemes, there has been no examination of how different social groups benefit from these schemes, how this widens and entrenches social inequities, and – in turn – what can be done to mitigate this. Methods This article presents a meta-review of the evidence on personalisation and inequality. A qualitative meta-analysis was undertaking of existing research into personalisation schemes in social services to identify whether and how such schemes are impacting different socio-economic groups. Results No research was identified which seeks to understand the impact of personalisation schemes on inequality. However, a number of ‘proxies’ for social class were identified, such as education, income, and employment, which had a bearing on outcome. We provide a theoretical framework for understanding why this is occurring, using concepts drawn from Bourdieu. Conclusion Personalisation schemes are likely to be entrenching, and potentially expanding, social inequalities. More attention needs to be given to this aspect of personal budgets by policymakers and researchers.

The Drivers and Impacts of Family Obligations and Overseas Remittances Practices: A Case Study of Pakistani-Origin Individuals in the UK

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Big Society ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Pakistani Origin ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This article draws on detailed case studies of Pakistani-origin individuals in the UK to explore the complex and extraordinary financial and practical support they provide to family members within their neighbourhood and to family abroad in Pakistan. The article investigates the practice of remitting and the impact on those remitting funds abroad in the context of the struggles and multiple obligations they face on a daily basis in making ends meet. It is set against the political backdrop of the Conservative Party's ‘Big Society’ and ‘Broken Britain’ agenda, which points to the disintegration of values and duty and obligation in contemporary Britain. Contrary to the standards of ‘selfishness and individualism’, the article argues that religious and cultural values compel individuals to provide unrequited support, which often creates very difficult financial and practical situations, resulting in the need to compromise individuals’ own needs and opportunities.

Personal social services for children and families in the UK: a historical review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 72-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Bullock ◽  
Roy Parker
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to chart the history of personal social services for children and families in the UK and examine the factors that have influenced it. Special attention is given to changing perceptions of rights, the impact of scandals and the contribution of child development research. Design/methodology/approach Analysis of historical documents and research reports using four methods: a timeline of milestones, demarcation of distinct developmental periods, trends in policy and practice and comparisons of children’s needs and experiences at different times. Findings The evolution of services has not been linear. In policy, there have been reform and retrenchment, amalgamation and differentiation. Practice has been shaped by the emergence of new problems and the disappearance of old ones as well as by legislation, extreme events, research and finance, all occurring in specific political, moral and economic contexts. Originality/value An analysis of developments in children’s services in their political, economic, moral and research contexts.

The Impact of National Cultural Values on Intrinsic Motivation to Transfer Tacit Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Amanda Celestine ◽  
Chris Perryer
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivation To Transfer ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the moderating effects of individuals' national cultural values on intrinsic motivation to engage in tacit knowledge transfer, through the lens of knowledge coaching. Using partial least squares analysis, survey data from 26 district managers (knowledge coaches) and 102 territory managers (protégés) from a large MNC's subsidiaries in Denmark, Ireland, Japan, Norway, Sweden and the UK is examined. In the first model, appertaining to the knowledge coaches, long-term orientation positively moderated the path between intrinsic motivation and perceived selling skill acquisition. For the corresponding pathway in the protégé model, collectivism and power distance attenuated the pathway. The implications for managers in terms of fostering intrinsic motivation to engage in knowledge transfer across a diversity of employees, and avenues for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the implications of COVID-19 on widening health inequalities and the emergence of nutrition insecurity through the lens of organisations involved with the emergency food response

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000120
Author(s):  
Elaine Macaninch ◽  
Kathy Martyn ◽  
Marjorie Lima do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Food Response ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
South East England ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThis paper describes the impact of COVID-19 during the first month of containment measures on organisations involved in the emergency food response in one region of the UK and the emerging nutrition insecurity. This is more than eradicating hunger but considers availability of support and health services and the availability of appropriate foods to meet individual requirements. In particular, this paper considers those in rural communities, from lower socioeconomic groups or underlying health conditions.MethodsSemistructured professional conversations informed the development of a questionnaire which gathered insights from five organisations involved with the emergency food response in the South East, England, UK. Descriptive themes were derived though inductive analysis and are further discussed in relation to UK government food support measures and early published data.ResultsFour themes emerged from conversations, including: (1) increasing demand, (2) meeting the needs of specific groups, (3) awareness of food supply and value of supporting local and (4) concerns over sustainability. All organisations mentioned changes in practice and increased demand for emergency food solutions. Positive, rapid and innovative changes helped organisations to adapt to containment restrictions and to meet the needs of vulnerable people. Although concern was raised with regards to meeting the specific needs of those with underlying health conditions and the sustainability of current efforts.ConclusionConsiderable gaps in food provision were identified, as well as concerns regarding increased long-term food and nutrition insecurity. The paper makes recommendations to improve nutrition security for the future and considers the lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic. The generalisability of these early insights is unknown but these real-time snapshops can help to direct further research and evaluation.

Older-age care politics, policy and institutional reforms in Lithuania

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARUNAS JUSKA ◽  
GABRIELE CICIURKAITE
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Institutional Layering ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the dynamics of policy reforms pertaining to care for older adults in post-socialist Lithuania. In the Soviet era social services in Lithuania were in a rudimentary stage of development. By the early 1990s a combination of long-term demographic trends such as ageing, a decline in fertility rates and an increase in divorce rates, and the impact of radical neo-liberal reforms significantly increased the number of older individuals living alone and in poverty. In response, a number of measures were undertaken to reform older-age care, resulting in decentralisation, institutional layering and institutional recalibration of social services. It is argued that the historical legacy has proved to be especially significant in the institutional development of social services by reproducing a State-centred system, although with a growing trend towards the privatisation and marketisation of social care. The role of various organised interests and civic groups, policy makers and international organisations, as well as ideologies and broader sets of cultural values in shaping social services pertaining to the care of older adults are discussed.

scholarly journals UK PROSPECTS EVALUATION AFTER BREXIT

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Nataliia MIEDVIEDKOVA ◽  
Ivan US
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Key Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The key aspects of political plans, conditions, key events and changes for Brexit are considered. The impact of Brexit referendum held in 2016 on how the citizens of Britain and other countries perceive the UK and the EU is researched. Survey results concerning the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the European Union are considered. SWOT analysis on the effect of Brexit on the UK is provided. Primarily the attention is focused on the benefits for the UK such as improved border security and reduction of terrorism, no need to pay an annual fee to the EU treasury. New opportunities for the UK are also defined, namely free choice of policy not restricted by EU conditions, the opportunity to defend the interests of national producers and consumers, preservation of cultural values and traditions. Detailed consideration is given to significant weaknesses for the UK such as re-concluding agreements with each EU member, perceive the UK as a competitor rather than a partner, higher tariffs, finding talented workers, decrease in tax revenues, and the Brexit price. Settlements between the UK and the EU (that forming the Brexit price), as well as the mechanism for calculating UK contributions to the EU budget are analyzed. The main threats are also substantiated, namely uncertainty, unsolved problems with the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland, Scottish reluctance to leave the EU, decrease in trade with EU countries and investment attractiveness. Own interpretation of the prospects for Brexit is suggested. JEL: F15, F36, F53.

Status or fun? A cross-cultural examination of young consumers’ responses to images of champagne and sparkling wine

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 1960-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Velikova ◽  
Steve Charters ◽  
Joanna Fountain ◽  
Caroline Ritchie ◽  
Nicola Fish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test Luna and Gupta’s (2001) investigative framework on the interaction of cultural values and consumer behaviour by conducting a cross-cultural comparison of young wine consumers’ interpretation of images of champagne and sparkling wine. The research examined consumer responses to the images through the prism of the relationship between symbolism, ritual and myth, as well as other related values. Design/methodology/approach – In a series of focus groups with consumers from four anglophone countries (the USA, New Zealand, Australia and the UK), six images of champagne and sparkling wine were used as stimuli to encourage affective and cognitive perspectives on the topic. Findings – Overall, the UK market showed distinct differences from the other markets, due very much to its cultural context. The UK consumers valued traditional advertising; focused mainly on the product itself; and did not associate champagne with fun. Respondents from the New World focused on the general impression of the image and on enjoyment and fun associated with consumption of champagne and sparkling wine. Practical implications – The most crucial implication of this research is the cultural variation in consumer perceptions of champagne and sparkling wine and the impact that it has upon marketing strategies on how to market this product category to younger consumers in different markets. Originality/value – This research contributes to the study of cultural values and consumption behaviour, as well as image effectiveness in forming perceptions of the product category.

scholarly journals 1525 How Far Do Cultural Values Between First and Second Generational Medical Students Differ According to GMC Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Anwar ◽  
V Jha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Diverse Workforce ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim There are a disproportionately higher number of fitness to practise issues reported to the GMC within the BAME medic group than that any other ethnic group. This research seeks to compare differences in cultural nuances, if any, between second generation BAME medical students and whether there is an opportunity to address these within medical training. Method We conducted 4 qualitative one to one interviews of second generation medics (Those whose parents were not from the UK, but were themselves brought up in the UK) and medics who were both from the UK and whose parents had been brought up in the UK. An exploratory interview was conducted of what values were most important to the interviewees and how this affected their decision-making process. The interviewees were medical students from the University of Liverpool all of whom were in their clinical years between year 3-5. The interviewees were randomly chosen after expressing an interest in the research. A literature search across Pubmed and Scopus were conducted to help direct interview questions. Results The main themes interviewees reported impacting on decision making included difficulty of balancing cultures, the impact of religion on cultural values and personal professional values. When compared to the GMC guidelines, these values mostly aligned however there were some differences, mainly in communication and whistleblowing. Conclusions With an increasingly diverse workforce, there should be some further research conducted to address how the differences in culture affects decision making processes with the consideration of incorporation into medical training.

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