Synchronization of transport and supply in beach-dune interaction

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Houser
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Nearshore Processes ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Dynamic Constraint ◽  
Explicit Recognition ◽  
Process Scale

This review considers the role of nearshore processes and morphological change as a flexible and dynamic constraint on the supply and transport of sediment between beach and dune. It is argued that the lack of information in this regard remains a central barrier to the development of a theory of beach-dune interaction that can be translated across scales and between field sites. Existing beach-dune models do not consider how and when sediment gets transferred to the backshore where it becomes available for transport by wind. Rather, existing models largely ascribe regional variations in dune morphology to fixed constraints on beach slope and sediment budget, without explicit recognition of processes involved. Recent (process-scale) transport studies have shown that the transfer of sediment is both spatially variable and temporally intermittent as a result of transport limitations across the beachface. While these studies have identified varied controls on sediment transport and exchange, there remains a limited capacity to predict the evolution of beach-dune systems, largely because the beachface tends to be viewed as a static transport surface without regard to supply or to the changing limits to transport. Following storm erosion, dune recovery first requires that the beach recovers through the onshore migration and welding of nearshore bars, followed by accretion in the backshore to create a supply of sediment for transport by the wind. The dependence of dune recovery on the synchronization of transport events with the recovery of sediment supply in the backshore creates a strong asymmetry in dune recovery that makes barrier island susceptible to widespread erosion and breaching if a change in the frequency or grouping of storm events is capable of resetting the bar system (offshore) before the next extreme storm.

The Role of Threat and Economic Uncertainty in Support for Scottish Independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kopasker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

Existing research has consistently shown that perceptions of the potential economic consequences of Scottish independence are vital to levels of support for constitutional change. This paper attempts to investigate the mechanism by which expectations of the economic consequences of independence are formed. A hypothesised causal micro-level mechanism is tested that relates constitutional preferences to the existing skill investments of the individual. Evidence is presented that larger skill investments are associated with a greater likelihood of perceiving economic threats from independence. Additionally, greater perceived threat results in lower support for independence. The impact of uncertainty on both positive and negative economic expectations is also examined. While uncertainty has little effect on negative expectations, it significantly reduces the likelihood of those with positive expectations supporting independence. Overall, it appears that a general economy-wide threat is most significant, and it is conjectured that this stems a lack of information on macroeconomic governance credentials.

Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Career Indecision: A Mediation Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110025
Author(s):  
Consuelo Arbona ◽  
Weihua Fan ◽  
Ayoung Phang ◽  
Norma Olvera ◽  
Marcel Dios
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Career Indecision ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Path Analyses

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) refers to the tendency to fear the unknown and to worry excessively about potential future negative outcomes. In the career decision-making process, college students experience uncertainty regarding the future of occupational opportunities and the evolution of their interests and capabilities. Anxiety is a well-established predictor of career indecision. Therefore, this study examined the role of anxiety as a mediator in the relation of IU and rumination to three dimensions of career decision making difficulties among college students ( N = 678). Results of path analyses indicated that as hypothesized, after controlling for age, intolerance of uncertainty was directly and indirectly (though anxiety) related to the three dimensions of career decision making difficulties: lack of readiness, lack of information, and inconsistent information. Results suggested that career choice interventions may be enhanced with a targeted emphasis on coping with the uncertainty involved in career decision making among college students.

scholarly journals NIMG-53. GLUTAMATE/GABA RATIO ON MRS IS ELEVATED IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER GRADE GLIOMAS AND SEIZURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii159-ii160
Author(s):  
Roberta Rudà ◽  
Riccardo Pascuzzo ◽  
Francesca Mo ◽  
Alessia Pellerino ◽  
Peter B Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Location ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Grade Iii

Abstract BACKGROUND There is lack of information on the role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the development of seizures in patients with lower grade gliomas. Increase of glutamate and downregulation of GABA have been suggested in preclinical models and human surgical samples to be associated with brain tumor-related epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively investigated with the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) the differences in the ratio of metabolites (glutamate/GABA, glutamate/creatine and GABA/creatine) in the peritumoral areas between patients with or without seizures in a series of lower grade gliomas. Tumors were classified according to WHO Classification of 2016 as follows:11 grade II IDH mutated and 1p/19q codeleted; 3 grade III IDH mutated and 1p/19q codeleted; 6 grade II IDH mutated and 1p/19q intact; 1 grade III IDH mutated and 1p/19q intact; 1 grade II IDH wild-type. Patients received surgery alone or followed by temozolomide chemotherapy according to the presence of risk factors. RESULTS At baseline evaluation, maximum glutamate/GABA values were significantly higher (p=0.023) in the peritumoral area of patients with seizures (1.008 ± 0.368) with respect to those without seizures (0.691 ± 0.170). No other metabolites ratio showed significant differences between the two groups. Similar results were obtained when analyzing the metabolites ratio in the examinations during the follow-up. In the cohort of patients with seizures (n.14) variations of metabolite ratios were not associated with tumor location, 1p/19q codeletion, use of AEDs, concomitant chemotherapy or seizure characteristics (type, duration, frequency). CONCLUSIONS The study is ongoing with the aim of analyzing further the correlations between ratio of metabolites and status of the tumor (stable vs progressive).

scholarly journals Lack of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Attenuates Experimental Food Allergy but Not Its Metabolic Alterations regarding Adipokine Levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália Vieira Batista ◽  
Roberta Cristelli Fonseca ◽  
Denise Perez ◽  
Rafaela Vaz Sousa Pereira ◽  
Juliana de Lima Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Oral Challenge ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Paf Receptor ◽  
Rolling Leukocytes

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is known to be an important mediator of anaphylaxis. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the role of PAF in food allergy. The aim of this work was to elucidate the participation of PAF during food allergy development and the consequent adipose tissue inflammation along with its alterations. Our data demonstrated that, both before oral challenge and after 7 days receiving ovalbumin (OVA) diet, OVA-sensitized mice lacking the PAF receptor (PAFR) showed a decreased level of anti-OVA IgE associated with attenuated allergic markers in comparison to wild type (WT) mice. Moreover, there was less body weight and adipose tissue loss in PAFR-deficient mice. However, some features of inflamed adipose tissue presented by sensitized PAFR-deficient and WT mice after oral challenge were similar, such as a higher rate of rolling leukocytes in this tissue and lower circulating levels of adipokines (resistin and adiponectin) in comparison to nonsensitized mice. Therefore, PAF signaling through PAFR is important for the allergic response to OVA but not for the adipokine alterations caused by this inflammatory process. Our work clarifies some effects of PAF during food allergy along with its role on the metabolic consequences of this inflammatory process.

scholarly journals On the role of dust storms in triggering atmospheric gravity waves observed in the middle atmosphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1647-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
A. Taori ◽  
A. Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Dust Storm ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Atmospheric Perturbations ◽  
Atmospheric Gravity

Abstract. Lower atmospheric perturbations often produce measurable effects in the middle and upper atmosphere. The present study demonstrates the response of the middle atmospheric thermal structure to the significant enhancement of the lower atmospheric heating effect caused by dust storms observed over the Thar Desert, India. Our study from multi-satellite observations of two dust storm events that occurred on 3 and 8 May 2007 suggests that dust storm events produce substantial changes in the lower atmospheric temperatures as hot spots which can become sources for gravity waves observed in the middle atmosphere.

scholarly journals Sustainability-oriented cross-functional collaboration to manage trade-offs and interdependencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Szalavetz
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Corporate Environmental Performance ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Corporate Environmental Sustainability

Abstract Despite a consensus view in the literature about the importance of cross-functional collaboration (CFC) for corporate environmental performance improvement, there is a dearth of studies that explain how exactly sustainability-oriented CFC can foster this objective. The purpose of this paper is to explain the role of CFC in corporate environmental performance improvement. We do this by undertaking two rounds of literature review, developing a proposition after the first round and by collecting illuminative real-life examples that illustrate our arguments in the second round. We propose and illustrate that CFC can effectively address two systemic properties of corporate environmental performance: trade-offs and interdependencies among different aspects of corporate environmental sustainability. If left unaddressed, these systemic specifics would result in organizational, managerial, and behavioral outcomes, such as inertia, opposition to change, lack of information, and so on, which would turn into effective barriers to corporate environmental performance improvement. put CFC addresses these barriers through information sharing, knowledge building, and interest reconciliation.

scholarly journals Genomic and functional analysis of Romboutsia ilealis CRIBT reveals adaptation to the small intestine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacoline Gerritsen ◽  
Bastian Hornung ◽  
Bernadette Renckens ◽  
Sacha A.F.T. van Hijum ◽  
Vitor A.P. Martins dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Mate Pair ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Background. The microbiota in the small intestine relies on their capacity to rapidly import and ferment available carbohydrates to survive in a complex and highly competitive ecosystem. Understanding how these communities function requires elucidating the role of its key players, the interactions among them and with their environment/host. Methods. The genome of the gut bacterium Romboutsia ilealis CRIBT was sequenced with multiple technologies (Illumina paired end, mate pair and PacBio). The transcriptome was sequenced (Illumina HiSeq) while growing on three different carbohydrate sources and short chain fatty acids were measured via HPLC. Results. Hence, we present the complete genome of Romboutsia ilealis CRIBT, a natural inhabitant and key player of the small intestine of rats. R. ilealis CRIBT possesses a circular chromosome of 2,581,778 bp and a plasmid of 6,145 bp, carrying 2,351 and eight predicted protein coding sequences, respectively. Analysis of the genome revealed limited capacity to synthesize amino acids and vitamins, whereas multiple and partially redundant pathways for the utilization of different relatively simple carbohydrates are present. Transcriptome analysis allowed pinpointing the key components in the degradation of glucose, L-fucose and fructo-oligosaccharides. Discussion. This revealed that R. ilealis CRIBT is adapted to a nutrient-rich environment where carbohydrates, amino acids and vitamins are abundantly available and uncovered potential mechanisms for competition with mucus-degrading microbes.

scholarly journals The important role of information literacy and learning in the development of lifelong learners: How well prepared are our teachers and students?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Probert
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lifelong Learners ◽  
Teacher Understanding ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Information Literacy Skills

There have recently been increasing numbers of published articles lamenting school students’ lack of information literacy skills. All strongly state the urgent need for improvement. The problem may arise from classroom teachers’ lack of knowledge of information literacy skills and their related pedagogical practice but there is little research. This presentation reports on a project, involving a cluster of New Zealand schools, which investigated both teacher’s and students’ understanding of information literacy and classroom practices. The results have established the need for better teacher understanding and practice. One solution will be to trial appropriate professional development.

scholarly journals Determine The Problems Of Women Entrepreneurs And The Research Of The Effects Of These Problems On Women's Initiatives: A Case Study Of The Eastern Mediterranean Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-331
Author(s):  
Dilehan Avşar ◽  
Gökhan Avşar
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
New Business

The number of women entrepreneurs who start a new business or own a business has been increasing rapidly in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine the problems faced by women entrepreneurs registered in the associations and chambers of business in the Eastern Mediterranean Region during their entrepreneurship and to examine the effects of these problems on women entrepreneurs. The main purpose of this study is to define the role of female labor force in the new sectoral structure in the changing labor market. In addition, it is aimed to identify the existing entrepreneurship activities, to examine the barriers to entrepreneurship and to propose solutions to the problems identified in line with the findings. The role of women entrepreneurs in the labor market is examined. Evaluating these factors, which are thought to affect the business life of women entrepreneurs, to develop suggestions that can contribute to their development and empowerment. Within the scope of this study, women entrepreneurs in the Eastern Mediterranean Region were investigated. In the preliminary study, women entrepreneurs registered as women entrepreneurs were identified by contacting the Chamber of Commerce, Chamber of Industry, Organized Industrial Zone and Commodity Exchange, and the research was conducted through face-to-face questionnaires with the entrepreneurs who accepted the interview in Eastern Mediterranean Region. At the end of the study, the most common problems faced by women engaged in entrepreneurship activity were; low level of education, insufficient financial support and lack of information. In developing countries such as Turkey, especially in terms of the effects of women's entrepreneurship development should not be ignored.

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