The disappearance of literature: Friedrich Kittler’s path to media theory

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Niels Werber
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
The Media ◽  
Recurrent Theme

This article follows the recurrent theme in Friedrich Kittler’s 40 years of prolific academic writing, which is of course the media-related production of discourse. Five heuristic principles are identified in his work: enabling, reduction, historization, the abolishment of the ‘two cultures', and post-hermeneutics. The paper closes with criticism of the intrinsic limits of Kittler’s point of view.

Benford in His Own Words

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Slusser
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Two Cultures

This chapter considers the series of essays Gregory Benford wrote for University of California Riverside's Eaton Conference from 1979 to 2009. It explores Benford's personal vision by connecting the various threads of his essays, including his analysis of J. G. Ballard's term of “experience” from the point of view of the “intuitionist” school of natural philosophy; the process of alien ingestion; the narrative and rhetorical devices needed to achieve what he calls that “falsely quiet” moment when the practicing scientist senses the possibility of alien encounter; the role of aliens in science fiction; his use of the cyberpunk phenomenon to denounce what he sees as the disturbing rise of fantasy as a cultural phenomenon; and the two-cultures gap in science fiction.

scholarly journals The Affordances of the Information and Communication Universe, or Who is Behind the Mass Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Iosif M. Dzyaloshinsky
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Media System ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
Pension Benefits

This article examines the specifics and perspectives of the information and communication universe theory for the analysis of the mass media. The aim is to explain the application of the concept of affordance in the context of media theory. The term was introduced by psychologist James J. Gibson to describe the specific inviting nature of objects and events, which, through affordances, suggest an algorithm for subsequent actions. From this point of view, the information and communication universe makes it possible to use it for some important purposes for the subjects of communication. However, the quality and options for implementing the possibilities of affordance depend on the goals, interests and skills of the subject who is trying to work with this affordance. To use an analogy, the same axe could invite some people to chop wood for an old lady, and others to use it as a weapon against her in order to seize her pension benefits. The thesis on the functional usefulness of the category information and communication universe for the analysis of processes in the media system is put forward. Traditional ideas about the specifics of the production and consumption of texts are corrected. The author analyzes the affordances of the Internet as a subsystem of the information and communication universe. It helps to explain the radical differences in the assessment of network digital technologies by representatives of different research schools. The article outlines further prospects for the identification and use of hidden affordances.

Mäandernde Semantiken. Der Ludus Danielis als intermediales Übersetzungsmodell?

2021 ◽  
pp. 325-341
Author(s):  
Johannes Kandler
Keyword(s):  
Music History ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
The Media ◽  
Time Movement

The Ludus Danielis, a spiritual game in the Latin language from the late 12th century, is not only a stroke of luck from the point of view of music history, but also from the point of view of media theory. Completely preserved and thoroughly composed through, it represents the possibility of systematically analysing questions such as the specific relationship between the media involved – text and music or melody. Translations inevitably come into view: from text to melody and vice versa. With the help of the monophonic solo song “Surge frater” from the Ludus Danielis, this essay will examine the translation processes in terms of Pierce’s sign types. At issue will be the exercise to carry out a categorical trace-back of text and melody (space, time, movement). A condition for this seems to be a specific semantic momentum of its own in both media, which, in the case of the formation of coherent statements by the interpreter, reveals itself as interference with increasing performative potentials.

scholarly journals Telaah Historis Perkembangan Orientalisme Abad XVI-XX

ULUMUNA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Rendra Khaldun
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Do So

Studies on relationship between West and Islam are still important to do till the recent times. The two cultures have been interacting one another for long time and will always do so in the future. To some Muslims point of view, West (Christianity) and East (Islam) become “eternal enemy” to each other. It can be traced in many biased view of orientalist about Islam and Muslims’ hatred against them. In this article I explore background of Islamic studies taken by orientalists. At first, orientalists transformed knowledge from Islam world to West through translating Muslim works into Western languages. As effect of Crusade 1, some orientalists do Islamic studies in order to criticize and weaken Islam through their misinterpretation and negative description about Islam. The come of Enlightenment turned some orientalits’ views on Islam into more neutral and likeable to Muslim. Their motivation to study Islam is only for the sake of knowledge development. Studies on relationship between West and Islam are still important to do till the recent times. The two cultures have been interacting one another for long time and will always do so in the future. To some Muslims point of view, West (Christianity) and East (Islam) become “eternal enemy” to each other. It can be traced in many biased view of orientalist about Islam and Muslims’ hatred against them. In this article I explore background of Islamic studies taken by orientalists. At first, orientalists transformed knowledge from Islam world to West through translating Muslim works into Western languages. As effect of Crusade 1, some orientalists do Islamic studies in order to criticize and weaken Islam through their misinterpretation and negative description about Islam. The come of Enlightenment turned some orientalits’ views on Islam into more neutral and likeable to Muslim. Their motivation to study Islam is only for the sake of knowledge development.

Teilhard and Orthogenetic Evolution

1967 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conservative Estimate ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Cultural Lag ◽  
Theodosius Dobzhansky ◽  
The Two Cultures

The number of writings appearing on Teilhard de Chardin is increasing daily, with the great majority of them treating his philosophical, theological or humanistic ideas. Discussion of his evolutionary theory from a more scientific point of view is relatively rare. For one thing, he seems to have leaned heavily, though not exclusively, on a neo-Lamarckian explanatory viewpoint. The major problem, however, is that he espoused a theory of evolution, orthogenesis, which is rejected by the majority of scientists today on the ground that there is no evidence for it. Many writers force one to conclude that they are unaware of the ramifications of holding a theory that is considered unviable in the scientific community. In the same vein, too many authors do not seem to take seriously the critics of Teilhard who have made this point, e.g., George G. Simpson, Peter Medawar and Theodosius Dobzhansky. One gets the impression that there is a wider gulf between “the two cultures” than he might have imagined. Little concern for Teilhard's orthogenetic evolution leads us to suspect that writers do not know that it makes a difference what type of evolution Teilhard espoused. There may be a cultural lag between science and the other disciplines, but orthogenesis has been around for many years now, and has been rejected by biologists for at least fifteen years, which is a conservative estimate.

scholarly journals Social Robots: A Bridge Between the Two Cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Campa
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
The One

This paper aims to show the possible and actual synergies between social robotics and sociology. The author argues that social robots are one of the best fields of inquiry to provide a bridge between the two cultures — the one represented by the social sciences and the humanities on the one hand, and the one represented by the natural sciences and engineering on the other. To achieve this result, quantitative and qualitative analyses are implemented. By using scientometric tools like Ngram Viewer, search engines such as Google Scholar, and hand calculations, the author detects the emergence of the term-and-concept ‘social robots’ in its current use, the absolute and relative frequencies of this term in the scientific literature in the period 1800–2008, the frequency distribution of publications including this term in the period 2000–2019, and the magnitude of publications in which the term ‘social robots’ is associated to the term ‘sociology’ or ’social work’. Finally, employing qualitative analysis and focusing on exemplary cases, this paper shows different ways of implementing researches that relate sociology to robotics, from a theoretical or instrumental point of view. It is argued that sociologists and engineers could work in a team to observe, analyze, and describe the interaction between humans and social robots, by using research techniques and theoretical frames provided by sociology. In turn, this knowledge can be used to build more effective and humanlike social robots. Keywords: social robots, sociology, social work, meta-analysis, scientometrics

МАРКЕТИНГОВІ АСПЕКТИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЛІТЕРАТУРНИХ КОНКУРСІВ ТА ПРЕМІЙ

2020 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
O. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
The Media ◽  
Literary Prizes ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>In this study, I have collected and summarized the functional aspects of a literary prize, contest, and rating, which indicate their affiliation with the marketing complex of the publishing house for the first time. For this purpose, I have analyzed and summarized the common concepts of the functioning of literary prizes and contests as advertising tools for publishing activity. Because the previous studies are only focused on the fact of the impact of the prize on the promotion of editions but do not explain it, these aspects have been considered and introduced by me from the book production’s point of view. I investigated that the prizes and the contests in the literary field are effective marketing tools, which meet many publisher’s needs at the same time and can be considered a non-profit form of capital. I have reviewed the works of other authors, who accept that the economic success of the book is rising if the author is a winner of the literary prize or contest. I have found out that the book prize activates the demand for the book, and the literary contest is a tool to track the reader’s reaction to a future publication. In this way, literary prizes and contests can be considered as a way of conducting a marketing dialogue with the target audience. I have focused on the information support of literary national and international prizes and contests by the media, which attracts attention to the book and forms the reader’s interest. The literary prizes and contests are also considered as a way of exploring trends and their changes, familiarization the popular genres among the target audience and fixation the current choice of modern readers. Literary prizes and contests motivate the authors to improve their literary excellence, are the source of new authors and works, and assist in increasing sales of books. However, further research is recommended.</em></p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> book prize, book rating, literary contest, literary prize, functions of the literary prizes.</em>

Walter Benjamin's media theory and the tradition of the media diaphana

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Antonio Somaini
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
The Media ◽  
Aristotelian Tradition

"The article presents an in-depth analysis of Benjamin’s use of the German term Medium, in order to show how his entire media theory may be interpreted as centered on the interaction between the historically changing realm of the technical and material Apparate, and what he calls in the artwork essay the »Medium of perception«: the spatially extended environment, the atmosphere, the milieu, the Umwelt in which sensory experience occurs. This notion of »Medium of perception« is then located within the long, post-Aristotelian tradition of the media diaphana, whose traces can be found in the 1920s and 1930s in the writings of authors such as Béla Balázs, Fritz Heider, and László Moholy-Nagy. </br></br>Der Artikel präsentiert eine eingehende Analyse von Benjamins Gebrauch des deutschen Begriffs »Medium«, um zu zeigen, dass seine gesamte Medientheorie fokussiert ist auf die Interaktion zwischen dem historisch veränderlichen Bereich der technischen und materiellen Apparate einerseits und dem, was er in dem Kunstwerkaufsatz das »Medium der Wahrnehmung« nennt: die räumlich ausgedehnte Umgebung, die Atmosphäre, das Milieu, die Umwelt, in der sinnliche Wahrnehmung erfolgt. Dieser Begriff des »Mediums der Wahrnehmung« wird dann innerhalb der langen, nacharistotelischen Tradition der media diaphana verortet, deren Spuren in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren in den Schriften von Autoren wie Béla Balázs, Fritz Heider und László Moholy-Nagy zu finden sind."

REFLECTION OF THE CURRENT STATE OF PUBLICISTIC JOURNALISM GENRES IN THE SLOVAK MEDIA ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kvetanová
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Logical Analysis ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Journalistic Practice ◽  
Opinion Journalism

The submitted study addresses the topic of the current state of the opinion journalism and its genres in the Slovak periodical press. The author draws attention to the question of classification of the opinion journalism of a rational and emotional type from the genre categorization point of view and, simultaneously, reflects on its application in the present journalistic practice. This brings a certain rate of confrontation between the defined theoretical premises and their subsequent practical (non-)implementation. The main objective of the study is to clarify the presence of genres of analytical and literary opinion journalism stated by media theory in the environment of the Slovak periodicals. Presentation of the basic terminological axis and the related explication of journalism genres included in the opinion journalism constitute the secondary objectives of the paper. For the purposes of achieving the set objectives, the author uses methods of logical analysis of text in combination with discourse analysis. Similarly, she predicts the evident presence of the phenomenon of hybridization in the Slovak journalistic practice.

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