MAKALAH TENTANG MASALAH SOSIAL

Masalah sosial merupakan masalah yang timbul akibat dari interaksi sosial antara individu, antara individu dengan kelompok, antara kelompok dengan kelompok. Interaksi sosial berkisar pada ukuran nilai, adat istiadat, ideologi dan tradisi yang ditandai dengan suatu proses sosial yang disosiatif. Bahkan masalah sosial timbul dari proses perkembangan masyarakat. Apalagi kalau proses perkembangan itu berlangsung dengan cepat sehingga menimbulkan keguncangan di dalam masyarakat. Sehingga masyarakat kekagetan budaya (cultural shock) dan kesenjangan budaya (cultural cultural lag).

Integration of Algorithm-Based Optimization into the Design Process of Industrial Buildings: A Case Study

Algorithm-based optimization is widely applied in many fields like industrial production, resulting in state-of-the-art workflows in the production process optimization. This project takes the cultural lag of conventional industrial architecture design as a motivation to investigate the implementation of algorithm-based optimization into traditional design processes. We argue that an enhanced way of architectural decision-making is possible. Current approaches use a translation of the whole design problem into a single, overly complicated optimization system. Contrary to that, this paper presents a novel workflow that defines precise design steps and applies optimizations only if suitable. Furthermore, this method can generate relevant results for factory planning design problems with contradicting factors, making it a promising approach for the complex challenges of i.e. resource-efficient building.

Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Parsons’ Structural Functional Theory

The Covid-19 pandemic results social changes significantly in the world of education, from offline learning to online learning. In order not to experience cultural lag, this article offers a functional structural theory initiated by Talcott Parsons to examine the implementation of online learning, through the AGIL (Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, Latency) scheme. This article recommends to all involved and interested parties to immediately adapt to online learning, so that the online learning can meet the educational and learning objectives that have been proclaimed. Therefore, integration between three educational centres is needed, such as school, families and communities; so that education as a cultural pattern inherent in Indonesian society is maintained even during the Covid-19 pandemic. More than that, the implementation of online learning must maintain a new cultural pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely complying with health protocol standards.

Conceptualising organisational cultural lag: Marriage equality and Australian sport

This article develops a theoretical framework to understand how sexuality can be institutionalised through debates about marriage equality. We first examine 13 Australian sporting organisations concerning their support for marriage equality and sexual minority inclusion before showing they drew cultural capital from supporting episodes of equality exogenous to their organisation, while failing to promote internal inclusion. We use online content analysis alongside the identification of institutional speech acts within policy to analyse results through three conceptual lenses: Ahmed’s institutional diversity work, Ogburn’s cultural lag, and Evan’s organisational lag, from which we propose a hybrid – organisational cultural lag – as a theoretical tool within social movement theory.

Sexual minority prevalence and attitudes within the British horseracing industry

This article utilises the theories of Inclusive Masculinity and Organisational Cultural Lag to provide the first comprehensive exploration of sexual minority inclusion in the British horseracing industry. The study employs a quantitative approach, involving a survey distributed to two mixed-gender populations within the sport: jockeys ( n = 149) and non-athlete stakeholders ( n = 308). Results indicate that approximately one fifth of jockeys selected a response other than ‘straight’, while less than 4% of the population of jockeys and stakeholders would view a sexual minority colleague ‘very negatively’. However, despite the relatively high proportion of sexual minority individuals working within the industry, and the positive attitudinal responses towards having a sexual minority colleague, only one of the 149 jockeys surveyed identified as a sexual minority and were publicly ‘out’.

Disruption Faces, Inequality, and Its Appearance in Religion: An Integrated Paradigm

Since the industrial revolution in England around the 18thcentury, the world changed in very fast motion. Sequentially steam engine was found, printing machines, computers, and finally the internet network—a forerunner of the digital era. These all affect without exception, including Indonesia. We live in a world connected one another through communication technology. Departing from this issue, this study focused on the face of religious thought, educational patterns, and culture—especially in Muslims society. Trying to integrate William F. Ogburn's Cultural Lag theory and Disruptive Innovation of Clayton Cristensen, this study found the symptom connection between them. Civilization which consists of two elements: material (technology) and non-material (culture; education) are clearly separated by the abyss. One element flies very fast, and the other crawls slowly. These two things ultimately influence the Muslim religious thinking today. Overlapping the information in digital media every day made religious people did not have time to digest or analyze it. In fact, we found unilateral truth claims from certain groups—in the name of a complete understanding of religion, which is deeply turned out to be ahistorical. Here; disruption is caused by the movement of information that coming so fast—unstoppable and created a shallow, instant and hasty knowledge.

The Application of Barcodes on Deed of Land Made by Land Deed Officials

Land officials� services related to the preparation and manufacture of deed blanks for Land Deed Officials (PPAT) has been developed by no longer using special blanks for deed and replacing it with the application of barcodes on deed of land. It aims to replace the registration number issued by land officials and to apply various technologies to a deed of land to develop various aspects in order to realize an efficient legal certainty. Besides, it also aims to provide an overview that can be used as a reference in legal problem solving where the legislation shall provide stronger legal certainty to deed of land. This study applied a legal normative and conceptual research design. The results showed that there is a form of cultural lag as an ongoing issue when new regulation is applied, namely the application of barcodes as a substitution to registration numbers. Finally, it can be concluded that the application of barcodes in the making of deeds in Land Deed Officials still encounters problems, particularly in terms of proof consequences.Keywords: deed of land, barcode, land deed officials�Penerapan Kode Baris pada Akta Tanah yang dibuat oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah �Abstrak :Peningkatan pelayanan kantor pertanahan terkait penyiapan dan pembuatan blanko akta untuk Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) telah dikembangkan dengan tidak lagi menggunakan blanko khusus untuk Akta� PPAT dengan mengganti sistem pembuatan blanko oleh PPAT itu sendiri dengan penerapan kode baris pada akta tanah, bertujuan untuk mengganti nomor registrasi yang dibuat oleh kantor pertanahan dan mengaplikasikan beragam teknologi kedalam sebuah akta tanah untuk mengembangkan beragam aspek demi mewujudkan sebuah kepastian hukum dengan efisien, diantaranya dapat ditemukannya bentuk-bentuk kekuatan dan legalitas PPAT melalui perbuatan-perbuatan hukumnya, serta bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang dapat dijadikan rujukan legal problem solving dimana seharusnya ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan memberikan kepastian hukum yang semakin kuat terhadap akta tanah. Metode penelitian menggunakan legal normative research dan conceptual research sehingga secara konsisten mengurai hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya bentuk cultural lag sebagai masalah yang berkelanjutan ketika diberlakukannya aturan baru yaitu penerapan kode baris sebagai pengganti nomor registrasi akta, khususnya dibidang pembuktian dalam upaya menggapai sebuah kepastian hukum. Akhirnya tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan teknologi kode baris pada pembuatan akta dalam pelayanan kantor pertanahan yang diperankan oleh pejabat yang ditunjuk masih menyisakan problematika dalam penerapannya, khususnya konsekuensi dalam pembuktian.Kata kunci: akta tanah, kode baris, ppat

INTRODUCING ARTIFICIAL COMPANIONS TO USERS WITH DEMENTIA IN UNREGULATED MARKETS: OPPORTUNITIES VS. ETHICAL ISSUES

Because of the high costs of providing long-term care, artificial companions are increasingly considered an opportunity to provide support to older adults with cognitive impairment while saving costs. Artificial companion can comfort and inform, thus inducing a sense of being in a relationship. Sensors and algorithms usually allow these applications to exude a life-like feel. The explosion of these technologies has created a “cultural lag” between their rapid commercial introduction and the slower evolution of regulations. An outcome of this cultural lag is a tension between the potential of artificial companions to support users and a series of unresolved ethical issues related to the fact that users might lack the capacity to fully understand the implications of using these technologies. Specific challenges of deception, surveillance, consent and social isolation are raised by the introduction of these technologies in users with cognitive impairment. The case study of a sophisticated artificial companion commercially available in the United States lends the opportunity to examine the tension between the potential of this technologies vs. unresolved ethical issues. This companion is an avatar on an electronic tablet that is displayed as a dog or a cat. Whereas artificial intelligence guides most artificial companions, this application is a hybrid of robots and human beings because it also relies on technicians “behind” the on-screen avatar, who via surveillance, interact with users. We conclude with a call to develop regulations promoting artificial companions as “human-driven technologies,” i.e. technologies focused on truly empowering users according to their cognitive abilities.