Participating the Public: Group Process, Politics, and Planning

Abstract In recent years, with the increasing number of women in advanced maternal age and standardized protocol of prenatal examination in China, more fetuses have been detected with scoliosis caused by hemivertebra (HV). The objective of this study was to obtain the responses of different populations on early detected scoliosis in fetuses caused by spinal hemivertebra through a multi-dimensional survey. A self-administered anonymous web and social media-based multi-dimensional online survey were conducted. Four short questionnaires concerning fetuses with scoliosis secondary to hemivertebra were sent to spine/orthopedic surgeons, obstetricians/ultrasonologists, scoliosis patients, and the non-medical general public separately. Survey items mainly included whether continue the pregnancy, the responses of different populations, whether they have knowledge of HV and what they wanted to know most about HV among the general public group, etc. All the questions were single choice questions, and additional responses could be added if needed. A total of 5586 respondents including 647 spine surgeons, 227 orthopaedic surgeons, 350 obstetricians, 54 ultrasonologists, 246 scoliosis patients and 4062 general public participated in the survey. 41.89% spine surgeons, 25.99% orthopedic surgeons, 6.57% obstetricians, 17.48% scoliosis patients and 19.23% general public chose to continue pregnancy and seek treatment after birth. 4.02% spine surgeons, 7.49% orthopedic surgeons, 3.71% obstetricians, 26.83% scoliosis patients and 14.28% non-medical general public suggested or chose to terminate the pregnancy. 54.10% spine surgeons, 66.52% orthopedic surgeons suggested explain the pros and cons to the parents and let them make their own choices.

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Sir Gawain Hits the Radio Waves

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.7935 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Manno

Keyword(s):

Social Issues ◽

The United States ◽

Raw Material ◽

Controversial Issues ◽

Radio Waves ◽

Portable Equipment ◽

The Public ◽

Sir Gawain ◽

Research Questions ◽

Public Group

This research project examines some of the complexities of the Medieval work “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” from the perspectives of both worldrenown scholars and laymen interviewees. The study uses professional instudio equipment to record responses to research questions asked of academics by long distance phone interview. In the same way, the researcher asks questions of a randomly selected public group and records the commentary with portable equipment. The researcher then compiles raw material from interviews in bricolage format. The result juxtaposes the original views of both prominent researchers and the public on controversial issues within the “Gawain” text. The study likens the complex issues of gender, public morality, community and capitalism occupying medieval audiences to the types of challenges society faces today. This comparison of medieval and modern issues show that historical literary works are of enduring value to the contemporary reader; works, like “Sir Gawain”, deal with a complex set of social issues in a way that encourages a multiplicity of readings and engages with various different audiences. As a way of reaching the broad audience concerned with these issues, the project arranges the interview feedback into a radio program format complete with medieval musical segueways. The program originally aired on CFRC, Queen’s Radio in two parts on March 28th and April 6th, 2006, respectively, and remains available online via www.chatterbook.ca. Professors from Canada, the United States and Europe have requested permission to use the project as a teaching aid.

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Surgery for herniated lumbar disc in private vs public hospitals: A pragmatic comparative effectiveness study

Acta Neurochirurgica ◽

10.1007/s00701-019-04195-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 703-711

Author(s):

Mattis A. Madsbu ◽

Øyvind Salvesen ◽

Sven M. Carlsen ◽

Steinar Westin ◽

Kristian Onarheim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Disc ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Leg Pain ◽

The Public ◽

Private Group ◽

Duration Of Surgery ◽

Propensity Matching ◽

Private And Public ◽

Public Group

Abstract Background There is limited evidence on the comparative performance of private and public healthcare. Our aim was to compare outcomes following surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in private versus public hospitals. Methods Data were obtained from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery. Primary outcome was change in Oswestry disability index (ODI) 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints were quality of life (EuroQol EQ-5D), back and leg pain, complications, and duration of surgery and hospital stays. Results Among 5221 patients, 1728 in the private group and 3493 in the public group, 3624 (69.4%) completed 1-year follow-up. In the private group, mean improvement in ODI was 28.8 points vs 32.3 points in the public group (mean difference − 3.5, 95% CI − 5.0 to − 1.9; P for equivalence < 0.001). Equivalence was confirmed in a propensity-matched cohort and following mixed linear model analyses. There were differences in mean change between the groups for EQ-5D (mean difference − 0.05, 95% CI − 0.08 to − 0.02; P = 0.002) and back pain (mean difference − 0.2, 95% CI − 0.2, − 0.4 to − 0.004; P = 0.046), but after propensity matching, the groups did not differ. No difference was found between the two groups for leg pain. Complication rates was lower in the private group (4.5% vs 7.2%; P < 0.001), but after propensity matching, there was no difference. Patients operated in private clinics had shorter duration of surgery (48.4 vs 61.8 min) and hospital stay (0.7 vs 2.2 days). Conclusion At 1 year, the effectiveness of surgery for LDH was equivalent in private and public hospitals.

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Public Deliberation and Correctional Options in Maryland: The Results of a “Deliberative Focus Group” Process

Justice Research and Policy ◽

10.3818/jrp.5.1.2003.67 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 67-94

Author(s):

Michael Connelly ◽

Greg Jones ◽

Lusungu Kayani ◽

Kate Wagner

Keyword(s):

Focus Groups ◽

Group Process ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Political Agenda ◽

Public Agencies ◽

Public Preferences ◽

The Public ◽

State Commission ◽

Sentencing Policy ◽

The Cost

In a democracy, faced with unverifiable claims by individuals and groups to represent the “public interest,” public agencies, including those in criminal justice, must develop means to determine what the public, when well informed and aware of alternative viewpoints, would want the agencies to do. Polling and traditional focus groups are limited in their utility, and the agencies do not normally have resources to pursue more in-depth techniques. To build its knowledge base of public preferences for correctional options, Maryland's State Commission on Criminal Sentencing Policy (SCCSP) tested “Deliberative Focus Groups,” based on literature and practice in political theory. The cost-effective process delivered useful information and ideas for the SCCSP for future recommendations when alternative sanctions rise on the state's political agenda. The process also formed a model for other resource-challenged agencies in all policy areas to consider for their own future use.

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Comparison of health literacy in privately insured and public hospital orthopaedic patients

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah17209 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 399 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Filip Cosic ◽

Tabitha Porter ◽

Cameron Norsworthy ◽

Rohan Price ◽

Harvinder Bedi

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Limited Health Literacy ◽

The Public ◽

Orthopaedic Patients ◽

Patient Health ◽

Limited Health ◽

Public Group ◽

Improve Patient ◽

Poor Health Literacy

Objective The aim of the present study was to quantify and compare patient health literacy between privately insured and public orthopaedic patients. Methods As part of the present cross-sectional study, elective postoperative orthopaedic patients across two sites were recruited and asked to complete a questionnaire at the first postoperative out-patient review. Patients were divided into three groups: (1) a public group (Public); (2) a private group (Private-pre); and (3) a private group that completed the questionnaire immediately after the out-patient review (Private-post). The questionnaire consisted of six questions regarding surgical management, expected recovery time and postoperative instructions. Patients were further asked to grade their satisfaction regarding information received throughout their management. Results In all, 150 patients completed the questionnaire, 50 in each of the three groups. Patients in the Public, Private-pre and Private-post groups answered a mean 2.74, 3.24 and 4.70 of 6 questions correctly respectively. The Private-pre group was 1.46-fold more likely to demonstrate correct health literacy than the Public group, whereas the Private-post group was 2.44-fold more likely to demonstrate improved health literacy than the Private-pre group. Patient satisfaction with information received was not associated with health literacy. Conclusion Limited health literacy in orthopaedic patients continues to be an area of concern. Both private and public orthopaedic patients demonstrated poor health literacy, but private patients demonstrated significant improvement after the out-patient review. What is known about the topic? Limited health literacy is a growing public health issue worldwide, with previous literature demonstrating a prevalence of low health literacy of 26% and marginal health literacy of 20% among all patient populations. Of concern, limited health literacy has been shown to result in a range of adverse health outcomes, including increased mortality and chronic disease morbidity. It has also been associated with an increased rate of hospitalisation and use of healthcare resources. Previous work in the orthopaedic trauma setting has found poor levels of health literacy and poor understanding of diagnosis, management and prognosis in the Australian public health system. Promisingly, it has been shown that simple, targeted interventions can improve patient health literacy. What does this paper add? This study further highlights that health literacy exhibited by orthopaedic patients is poor, particularly among patients in the public healthcare system. The present study is the first to have demonstrated that health literacy is poor among patients in both the public and private healthcare systems, despite these patients having distinctly different demographics. Promisingly, the present study shows that, unlike public orthopaedic out-patient review, private orthopaedic out-patient review appears to be effective in increasing patient health literacy regarding their orthopaedic condition and its management. What are the implications for practitioners? Health literacy is essential for patients to effectively communicate with doctors and achieve good health outcomes. Healthcare professionals need to be aware that a large proportion of patients have poor health literacy and difficulty understanding health-related information, particularly pertaining to that surrounding diagnosis, management and prognosis. This study highlights the need for healthcare professionals to ensure that they communicate with patients at an appropriate level to ensure patient understanding during the pre-, peri- and postoperative stages of management. Further, healthcare professionals should be aware that there is potential to improve patient health literacy at routine out-patient review, provided that this opportunity is used as an educational resource.

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Energy Intake and Activity Pattern During Pregnancy in Relation to Infant Birth Weight

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/101053959400700107 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 34-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zawiah Hashim ◽

Mohd Ismail Noor

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Activity Pattern ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Group Differences ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Infant Birth ◽

Public Group

The study was designed to determine if the activity pattern of pregnancy women on an intake of energy lower than that recommended will affect fetal growth. Subjects who volunteered were either attending public or private hospitals. Pregnant women in the “private” group were significantly older (p < 0.001) weighed somewhat less and significantly taller (p < 0.001) when compared to the “public” group. Differences in energy intake during the second and third trimesters between the “public” and “private” groups were small; 1608 ± 334, 1726 ± 271 kcal and 1627 ± 367, 1778 ± 260 kcal, respectively. However, daily activity patterns revealed that the “public” group was more active as reflected by the higher energy expenditure of 1412 ± 74 kcal and 1578 ± kcal during the second and third trimesters respectively. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in birth weight between the “public” and “private” groups; 2951 ± 377 g and 3173 ± 357 g respectively. This study indicates that energy intakes lower than recommended and sedentary lifestyles have no direct influence on birth weights of babies.

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The political Education of prophet Mohammad ( prayers be on him) and Educational Applications

ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36473/ujhss.v221i2.458 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 221 (2) ◽

pp. 207-236

Author(s):

Assist. Prof. Dr. Saadoon Salman Nagim

Keyword(s):

Political Education ◽

The Political ◽

The Public ◽

Political Work ◽

The Media ◽

Educational Applications ◽

Public Group ◽

Different Levels

The present study aims at identifying the political Education of Mohammad ( prayers be on him) and its educational applications , So as to be a living example to follow in the different levels of political work , as well as to create a generation of youth capable of Facing the cultural invasion which may takes away their rights in their country unconsciously. The limits of the present study has been the prophet sunnah during prophet Mohammad's life from his birth till his death . Several results have been reached at such as : Prophet Mohammad has been capable within twenty years to overcame on all the obstacles that have faced him , including the unbelievers who have fought , hurt , and dismissed him out of meccah in addition to the hypo crates who have conspired against him . The Prophet has been capable to make revolution that has never been like during history which has happened in a whole people be life that has transformed them from being unbelievers in to believers in one God. Several conclusions have been put forward such as : The Prophet has established the secret group and the public group , which call to change the society systems and beliefs , and use all the available media means such as single communication, Rhetoric , the media war against Thought and all this is political work. The basis that the Prophets' political education has been based on is the belie fine One God ( Al- Tawheed ) and Islam with all the legislated beliefs , worships and treatments

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Public Conversations Group as Resource Against LGBT Violence

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) ◽

10.1590/1982-4327e2905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Vilela e Souza ◽

Murilo dos Santos Moscheta ◽

Fabio Scorsolini-Comin

Keyword(s):

Social Constructionism ◽

Group Process ◽

Public Policies ◽

Preventive Strategies ◽

The Public ◽

The Creation ◽

The Difference ◽

Lgbt People

Abstract The increase in violence against LGBT people (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transvestite, transgender and transgender) in Brazil encourages the adoption of preventive strategies, among them the Public Conversations Project (PCP), methodology for groups in conflicts. This study aimed to analyze the group process of the PCP, focusing on the effects of the structure of the conversation in the interactions undertaken. There were three meetings with a total of 13 participants involved in the issue of violence against LGBT people. The meetings were audio-taped, and the speeches analyzed according to social constructionism. The PCP has proved useful to think of a more human confrontation with the difference in favor of an ethical interest. It was possible to say that the creation of a different way of talking coincided with the emergence of new ways of acting. The effects of these meetings should be observed longitudinally, as well as trigger reflections for public policies of attention to LGBT.

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