Is Cerebral Palsy Changing in High Resource Settings? Data From the Quebec Cerebral Palsy Registry

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 567-573
Author(s):  
Aristides Hadjinicolaou ◽  
Pamela Ng ◽  
Xun Zhang PhD ◽  
Louise Koclas ◽  
Céline Lamarre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Over Time

Advances in maternal and perinatal care in developed countries have led to improved health outcomes for children. These changes may have impacted the profile of children with a cerebral palsy (CP) and groups at risk for CP over time. Using data from the Canadian CP Registry, the objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to describe the profile of children with CP in Quebec born between 1999 and 2010 and identify possible temporal variation in CP risk factors and phenotypic profile. Our sample consisted of 662 children with CP in Quebec. No change in profile or associated risk factors was observed across the birth cohorts 1999 to 2010. Prematurity remains the largest risk factor for CP in Quebec, and children with CP have multiple comorbidities that contribute to overall CP burden. CP registries offer a unique platform to study spectrum disorders and their longitudinal changes over time.

PREMATURITY AND CP: A COMMON CAUSE?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. A72-A72
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Improvement In Survival

. . .cerebral palsy rates in infants with birth weights under 1500 g increased from 12.1 to 64.9 [per 1000 births]. These results, which are similar to those found in other developed countries, suggest that improved perinatal care, including increased use of interventions to prevent perinatal asphyxia, has improved neonatal survival but not the rate of cerebral palsy. In low-birth-weight infants the rising cerebral palsy rate has paralleled the improvement in survival; one explanation for this finding is that low birth weight and cerebral palsy both result from an insult that occurs well before birth.

Changes in Voice- and Swallowing-Related Symptoms After Thyroidectomy: One-Year Follow-Up Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Min Park ◽  
Kyung Ho Oh ◽  
Jae-Gu Cho ◽  
Seung-Kuk Baek ◽  
Soon-Young Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Objective: We analyzed the changes in voice- and swallowing-related symptoms that occurred over time in patients who underwent thyroidectomy and identified any associated risk factors. Methods: One hundred and three patients who underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled. Results: The mean thyroidectomy voice-related questionnaire (TVQ) score before surgery was 12.41 ± 12.19; it significantly increased to 28.24 ± 18.01 ( P < .001) 1 month postoperatively, decreased to 24.02 ± 17.30 ( P = .014) and 20.66 ± 15.29 ( P = .023) 3 and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. It was continuously decreased to 18.83 ± 14.63 twelve months postoperatively. The temporal changes in TVQ scores between patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy were significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the temporal changes in TVQ according to whether neck dissection was performed. The temporal changes in TVQ in patients with and without extrathyroidal extension were significantly different. Conclusions: Voice- and swallowing-related discomfort in patients who received thyroidectomy showed dynamic changes over time. There was a significant difference in the degree of change according to clinicopathological factors. Patients with these risk factors may benefit from appropriate patient education and various rehabilitation programs for symptom relief.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY NATURAL MENOPAUSE: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1958 AND 1970 BRITISH BIRTH COHORTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darina Peycheva ◽  
Alice Sullivan ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Alex Bryson ◽  
Gabriella Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Early Menopause ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course

Using data from two generations of British women followed from birth through childhood and into adulthood, we investigate risk factors for the onset of natural menopause before the age of 45 (known as early menopause). We focus on key stages during the life course to understand when risk factors are particularly harmful. We find that earlier cessation of menstruation is influenced by circumstances at birth. Women born in lower social class families, whose mother smoked during the pregnancy or who were short-term breastfed (one month or less) were more likely to undergo menopause before 45. Early menopause is also associated with poorer cognitive ability and smoking in childhood. Adult health behaviour also matters. Smoking is positively correlated with early menopause, while regular exercise (one to several times a week) and moderate frequency of alcohol drinking (one to three times a month) in women's early thirties are associated with a reduced risk of early menopause. The occurrence of gynaecological problems by women's early thirties is also linked to early menopause. We note that some of these factors (e.g. health behaviours) are modifiable and thus the risks may be preventable.

Analysis of TNF-antagonist switch over time and associated risk factors in the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1207-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Hiroz ◽  
Stephan R. Vavricka ◽  
Nicolas Fournier ◽  
Ekaterina Safroneeva ◽  
Valérie Pittet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Tnf Antagonist ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Das Kataraktrisiko für junge Typ-1-Diabetiker: Ergebnisse einer nationalen Kohortenstudie in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Vita Dingerkus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insurance Database ◽  
Over Time

<b>Background:</b> Chronic hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients results in ocular problems over time, but only a few studies emphasized on cataracts. <b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the epidemiology of cataracts in the T1D population. <b>Method:</b> A two-part study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Information from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) was served as a template of the general population. In the first part, a total of 3,622 T1D cases registered between 1998 and 2007 were enrolled and compared with a matched group from the LHID. For identifying risk factors of cataracts in the T1D population in the second part, a total of 9032 T1D cases registered between 1998 and 2013 were included. <b>Results:</b> Compared to the LHID, the hazard ratio (HR) of cataracts in the T1D group was 5.81 (95% CI 4.60–7.33), and the HR was higher in females (6.29, 95% CI 4.63–8.55). The peak incidence of cataracts occurred between age 20 and 29 in the T1D group, while in the LHID, it was after 60. The overall incidence of cataracts in the T1D group was 9.1%. In T1D patients with cataracts, they were found with higher rates of associated diabetic complications. <b>Conclusion:</b> Compared to the nondiabetic population, cataracts seemed more rampant and premature in T1D patients, especially those of female gender. Early ophthalmologic examination should be considered in T1D patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Obesity During Pregnancy Over Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Stüber ◽  
E. Künzel ◽  
U. Zollner ◽  
M. Rehn ◽  
A. Wöckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals A systematic review of risk factors for cerebral palsy in children born at term in developed countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH MCINTYRE ◽  
DAVID TAITZ ◽  
JOHN KEOGH ◽  
SHONA GOLDSMITH ◽  
NADIA BADAWI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Developed Countries

scholarly journals Aetiology and comorbidities of cerebral palsy in a developing country

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komomo I. Eyong ◽  
Asindi A. Asindi ◽  
Chimaeze Torty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common disabling condition of movement and posture causing activity limitation arising from a static injury to the developing brain. Common risk factors for cerebral palsy in Africa include severe birth asphyxia, kernicterus and neonatal infections. This study is aimed at determining the aetiology and comorbidities associated with cerebral palsy in our environment.Methods: All children with CP presenting to the Paediatric Neurology clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital whose parent gave consent were recruited into the study. The biodata of the children and that of the parent’s/ care givers were obtained. A detailed pregnancy and delivery history, neonatal history, seizures during first three years of life and developmental mile stones was documented.Results: Seventy children with CP were recruited into the study of which 46 (65.7%) were males and 24 (34.3%) females. Majority of the children were from low social class and products of home, church or TBA’S delivery where supervision is poor. Severe birth asphyxia and CNS infections are the commonest identified risk factors. Spastic quadriplegic CP is the dominant type of CP followed by spastic hemiplegia. There is a significant statistical relationship between the aetiology and the type of CP. Epilepsy (60%) speech defect (42.9%) and microcephaly (40%) are the predominant comorbidities seen in the study. Cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation are predominant CT findings in contrast to periventricular leukomalecia seen in developed countries.Conclusions: Majority of the patients with CP in this study are from low social class and were delivered in places with poor obstetrics care. Improved perinatal care through an adequate social support system may reduce the burden of the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence of allergic disorders and risk factors associated with food allergy in Turkish preschoolers

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Ayşen Genç Aksoy ◽  
Perran Boran ◽  
Elif Karakoc-Aydiner ◽  
Gulbin Gokcay ◽  
Zeynep Ulker Tamay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Background: The prevalence of allergic disorders is on the rise, affecting about 10% of the population. In this retrospective cohort, we investigated prevalence of allergic disorders, associated risk factors, and the outcome of food allergies.  Material and methods: We analyzed data from birth cohorts of two university hospitals’ well-child outpatient clinics. Factors related to onset and type of allergic diseases were assessed from demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data.  Results: Analyses were performed on 949 (431F/518M) infants at a mean current age of 28±6 months. Any allergic disease was established among 177 cases (22%); atopic dermatitis in 123 (12.8%), respiratory allergies in 55 (5.7%), and food allergy in 41 (4.3%). The risk for allergic disorders was found to be significantly increased for male gender (OR: 2.31, 95% CI; 1.54–3.46), and positive parental atopy (OR: 1.94, 95% CI; 1.31–2.86). The risk of food allergies was significantly higher in the male gender (OR: 2.47, 95% CI; 1.21–5.02), who consumed egg-white between 6 and 12 months (OR: 2.34, 95% CI; 1.22–4.48), and who were formula-fed before 6 months (OR: 2.16, 95% CI; 1.14–4.10). We found no significant association between the rate of food allergy outgrowth or food induced-anaphylaxis with regards to the timing of introducing egg-white into the diet.  Conclusions: Although the introduction of egg-white into infant diet at 6–12 months of life appeared as an independent risk for any food allergy, none of the patients developed anaphylaxis. Age at symptom onset and outgrowing food allergy were similar compared to those introduced egg-white after 12 months. We recommend promoting exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life, and avoidance of prolonged restrictive diets for children with food allergy.   

scholarly journals Vacillating Behavior of TOM Effect and Adaptive Market Hypothesis: A Firm Level Evidence from Emerging Stock Market of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Naeem Shahid ◽  
Dr. Khalid Latif ◽  
Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Through the current study we amplify the available literature on AMH (Adaptive Market Hypothesis) and calendar anomalies because this is the first study of its nature which links TOM effect with AMH which allows the behavior of conventional TOM-effect to swing over time. To fulfill the drive, study investigates daily mean return from PSX of Pakistan using data of 107 firms individually over a longer period of time ranging 1996-2015. To discover the time variation in the levels of predictability of TOM returns, study uses four different sub-samples covering identical length of observations of five years each to investigate how TOM effect has performed over time. There are few studies in the literature investigating TOM effect at firm level and very rare studies examining TOM effect through (AMH), so the current study may be of importance and interest to finance researcher, academicians and practitioners alike. To elucidate the volatility and its varying nature, the study applies GARCH (1,1) regression model which enables for time-variation in volatility of security returns. Kruskal-Wallis test-statistic is used to handle non normality in the equity return series. We find that with the passage of time performance of TOM effect evolves, consistent and aligned with the assertion of AMH. Finally, this study exhibits that behavior of TOM effect is well elucidated by Adaptive Market Hypothesis (AMH) than conventional Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The results may be used for better decision making for investors and the article complements studies on market efficiency and TOM effect in developing and developed countries.

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