Urban Public Transport

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam McLeod ◽  
Jan Scheurer ◽  
Carey Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
History Of

This article reviews the literature on current “best practice” principles for planning public transport (PT) networks within the context of planners seeking to transition their cities toward sustainable mobility. An overview is provided of the history of ideas about network development. The emerging frontiers for multimodal, demand-responsive PT and the potential implications of new transport technology on traditional PT are discussed. The future role of transit-oriented development within PT network structures is considered. The “moderators” to network design that may impede future best practice brings the article to conclusion.

scholarly journals «Мертвые Цари всегда должны по смерти своей быть судимы»: Посмертная судьба одного древнеегипетского обычая в русской и европейской словесности XVI – XIX вв. [“Dead Kings Must Always be Judged after Their Demise”: The Afterlife of an Ancient Egyptian Custom in the Russian and European Literature of the 16th to 19th Centuries]

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 9-47
Author(s):  
Maria Neklyudova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
French Literature ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Diodorus Siculus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

In his Bibliotheca historica, Diodorus Siculus described a peculiar Egyptian custom of judging all the dead (including the pharaohs) before their burial. The Greek historian saw it as a guarantee of Egypt’s prosperity, since the fear of being deprived of the right to burial served as a moral imperative. This story of an Egyptian custom fascinated the early modern authors, from lawyers to novelists, who often retold it in their own manner. Their interpretations varied depending on the political context: from the traditional “lesson to sovereigns” to a reassessment of the role of the subject and the duties of the orator. This article traces several intellectual trajectories that show the use and misuse of this Egyptian custom from Montaigne to Bossuet and then to Rousseau—and finally its adaptation by Pushkin and Vyazemsky, who most likely became acquainted with it through the mediation of French literature. The article was written in the framework (and with the generous support) of the RANEPA (ШАГИ РАНХиГС) state assignment research program. KEYWORDS: 16th to 19th-Century European and Russian Literature, Diodorus Siculus (1st century BC), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712—1778), Alexander Pushkin (1799—1837), Prince Pyotr Vyazemsky (1792—1878), Egyptian Сourt, Locus communis, Political Rhetoric, Literary Criticism, Pantheonization, History of Ideas.

Strategies for Sustainable Urban Mobility: Analysis of Best Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-103
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Mobility Strategies ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the approved strategies for sustainable mobility (sustainable transport) in the world’s leading cities. It is shown that most strategic documents contain similar principles and goals that determine the transformation vectors for cities. The fundamental principles include hierarchy of priorities (not only financial, but also in terms of equitable distribution of urban space, starting from pedestrian and bicycle mobility and public transport and ending with parking); increasing ecomobility, involving the “80:20” principle (fixing the goal of bringing the share of sustainable modes of mobility to 80% and decreasing the share of cars to 20% by 2030); “healthy streets, healthy people” and “complete streets” (reformatting car-oriented streets into bicycle and pedestrian spaces, administrative restrictions for cars, internalization of externalities); development of environmentally friendly high-speed rail public transport and the creation of preferential access rights for public transport; Vision Zero (zero tolerance for road accidents); compactness, polycentricity, and transit-oriented development; smart transport and multimodality; consideration of the transport system as one of the integral parts of the city’s stability (holistic view), etc. It is determined that the analyzed mobility strategies organically integrate into the general trajectory of sustainable long-term development and promotion of real human wellbeing. Most strategies focus on personal experience of their beneficiaries, which lies at the heart of any reform (people-centered approach). An additional benefit resulting from the implementation of sustainable mobility strategies is lower density and safer distancing within cities, which is highly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as reduced freight prices and development of a more just and secure city environment.

Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Connective Tissue Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Fayed ◽  
J. Gerry Coghlan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Reference Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Primary Physicians

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in most forms of connective tissue disease (CTD); the prevalent type of PH depends on the particular CTD. Thus, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is dominantly associated with scleroderma, while postcapillary PH is most common in rheumatoid arthritis and lung disease-associated PH is typically found in myositis and sarcoidosis.Considerable expertise is required to identify, diagnose, and manage CTD-PH, as the primary physicians providing the majority of care for this population, rheumatologists, need a good working knowledge of CTD-PH, its rather subtle presentation, and how to access the necessary investigations to screen for and identify patients with PH. The role of the rheumatologist does not stop at diagnosis; in some conditions such as lupus, optimizing immunosuppression is key to the management of PH, and unlike simple idiopathic PAH, the natural history of CTD-PH is often punctuated by complications of the CTD rather than just events due to progression of PH or therapy-related adverse events.The aim of this article is to provide an overview of all forms of CTD-PH, and to provide an easy reference source on current best practice.

scholarly journals Andrewes's christmas fairy tale: atypical thinking about cancer aetiology in 1935

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraja Sankaran ◽  
Ton van Helvoort
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Research Community ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
International Medical Research ◽  
Viral Aetiology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fairy Story

This paper uses a short ‘Christmas fairy-story for oncologists’ sent by Christopher Andrewes with a 1935 letter to Peyton Rous as the centrepiece of a reflection on the state of knowledge and speculation about the viral aetiology of cancer in the 1930s. Although explicitly not intended for public circulation at the time, the fairy-story merits publication for its significance in the history of ideas about viruses, which are taken for granted today. Andrewes and Rous were prominent members of the international medical research community and yet faced strong resistance to their theory that viruses could cause such tumours as chicken sarcomas and rabbit papillomas. By looking at exchanges between these men among themselves and other proponents of their theories and with their oncologist detractors, we highlight an episode in the behind-the-scenes workings of medical science and show how informal correspondence helped keep alive a vital but then heterodox idea about the role of viruses in causing cancer.

scholarly journals History of Ideas Role in Implementing Modern Crises

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
Nikita RAVOCHKIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Processes ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Applied Potential ◽  
Research Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global World ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The history of ideas is a relatively new concept, which has not only the theoretical inherent in it but also in the spirit of modernity is able to reveal its own applied potential. The article shows the role of the history of ideas in the search for answers to the crises of the modern world, which makes it possible to establish some regularities in the functioning of intellectual constructs and their social embodiment. The author examines the basic provisions of the research concepts of the adherents of the history of ideas A. Lovejoy and I. Berlin. Using the conceptual foundations of their theories, the author applies them to a deeper understanding of the specifics of such megatrends as the COVID-19 pandemic, armed conflicts and information wars. It was revealed that the specificity of the global world transforms the content of events that traditionally affect one sphere and now spread to various spheres of the nonlinear and fragile world. In conclusion, the author sums up the research results and notes the methodological possibilities of the history of ideas for further study of the logic of social processes.

Citizens of the future1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Gillies ◽  
Rosalind Edwards ◽  
Nicola Horsley
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the history of ideas about intervention in family, highlighting attempts to shape children's upbringing for the sake of the nation's future. A consistent and influential idea has been that undesirable attitudes and actions, and the propensity for deprivation, are transmitted down the generations through the way that parenting shapes children's minds and brains. The chapter considers the relationship between interventions designed to address fears about the state of the nation in the form of poverty, crime, and disorder, and understandings of the role of parents and families as they link to shifting emphasises of the capitalist system across time.

Study on Method of BRT Transportation Station Passenger Flow Forecast with the TOD Mode

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062
Author(s):  
Zhong Guo ◽  
Hong Yang Wu ◽  
Chu Han Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Intensive Land Use ◽  
Flow Forecast

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a pattern of intensive land use within Sustainable Development Strategy. BRT Transportation Station is an important part of TOD model, and this paper try to link the TOD model to transit passenger flow forecast. Closely connecting different factors of BRT transportation station, three kinds of Urban Public Transport Hubs were put forward based on TOD. The manner and process of terminal passenger flow forecast were designed based on the study of current passenger flow scale and characteristics in the hub.

Does the service quality of urban public transport enhance sustainable mobility?

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 1566-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Guglielmetti Mugion ◽  
Martina Toni ◽  
Hendry Raharjo ◽  
Laura Di Pietro ◽  
Samuel Petros Sebathu
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Urban Public Transport

scholarly journals Elderly Sustainable Mobility: Scientific Paper Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatima ◽  
Sara Moridpour ◽  
Chris De Gruyter ◽  
Tayebeh Saghapour
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Elderly Mobility

The number of elderly people as a proportion of the world’s population is growing significantly. Special attention to the accessibility and mobility requirements of this group is needed. The contribution of this paper is a review of travel patterns, mode preferences, infrastructure solutions, accessibility indices, mode choice models and datasets as they relate to elderly mobility. Key findings highlight the role of residential location characteristics in shaping elderly travel patterns, helping to explain why research on elderly travel has largely relied on case studies to date. The review also summarizes a range of indices that have been developed to measure public transport and walking accessibility among the elderly, including distance and time-based methods. Future research should consider the dominance of private transport in facilitating elderly mobility and its implications for cities experiencing an aging population.

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