An Analysis of the Deterrent Effects of Disciplinary Segregation on Institutional Rule Violation Rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Lucas ◽  
Matthew A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Rule Violation ◽  
Institutional Misconduct ◽  
Institutional Rule ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
Inmate Misconduct ◽  
State Prisons ◽  
Male Inmates

In light of the limited resources available in the criminal justice system, and given the financial costs and inmate mental health risks associated with disciplinary segregation, the practice warrants testing and evaluation. Limited research exists on the effect disciplinary segregation has on subsequent inmate misconduct in state prisons. Institutional violation rates for a cohort of male inmates incarcerated by the Oregon Department of Corrections were analyzed. Controlling for other factors, the results of this study indicate that disciplinary segregation was not a significant predictor of subsequent institutional misconduct. The findings also indicate that the experience of disciplinary segregation does not reduce subsequent prison inmate misconduct and therefore suggest that it may not be an effective institutional practice. These results signal that disciplinary segregation should be used in a more judicious and informed manner and that further research should be performed to determine whether disciplinary segregation has a general deterrent effect.

Using the Megargee System among Belgian Prisoners: Cross-Cultural Prevalence of the MMPI-2 Based Types

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Sneyers ◽  
Hedwig Sloore ◽  
Gina Rossi ◽  
Jan J. L. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Federal Prisons ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Male Inmates ◽  
First Time

On the basis of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and later the MMPI-2, E, I. Megargee and colleagues empirically developed a classification system to enhance management and treatment of offenders throughout the criminal justice system. This preliminary study extended the application of the MMPI-2 based system for the first time to a non-U.S. prison sample and classified the MMPI-2 profiles of 1,636 male inmates from Belgian federal prisons. The typology was capable of classifying most of the subjects and all 10 Megargee types were represented. Compared to American prevalence data, types Delta and Charlie were overrepresented and type George was underrepresented. Issues that warrant further investigation are discussed.

Analyzing the Heterogeneous Nature of Inmate Behavior: Trajectories of Prison Misconduct

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Cihan ◽  
Megan Davidson ◽  
Jonathan Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Institutional Misconduct ◽  
Inmate Misconduct ◽  
Prison Misconduct ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
State Police ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Offending Patterns ◽  
The Life Course

Researchers have long been interested in stability and changes in offending patterns between and within individuals during the life-course. Using data from the Oregon Department of Corrections and the Oregon State Police, the current study explores misconduct trajectories and also attempts to determine whether certain preprison inmate characteristics specified in the importation model are associated with various misconduct trajectories. Results indicate that there are subgroups of inmates engaged in different patterns of institutional misconduct during the course of years of imprisonment. In addition, certain inmate characteristics can be used to explain the identified heterogeneity in inmate misconduct. Findings from trajectory analyses can be useful to prison officials and policy makers when planning prison services, assistance, and programming for subgroups of inmates.

scholarly journals Peranan Advokat Dalam Pembelaan Hukum terhadap Terdakwa Korupsi di Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Pengadilan Negeri Samarinda (Tinjauan Etika Profesi Hukum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Jaidun Jaidun
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Republic

Smart and faithful people will never argue, that the State of the Republic of Indonesia is falling apart, debts mounting, to the point of reaching Rp. 4,000 (Four Thousand) Trillion is due to the crime of corruption that has taken root, curbed, thrived as if allowed to happen continuously. While law enforcement in this country does not provide a judicial verdict that has a deterrent effect for corruptors. It is difficult to understand in general, whether the legal verdict for corruption perpetrators by the Panel of Judges who hear and decide the case of corruption is influenced by the interference of fellow law enforcers ..., in this case, Advocates and Public Prosecutors (Prosecutors). Decisions of Corruption Courts often cause disparity in decisions, resulting in speculation from the public and assessing such decisions as being disproportionate and giving rise to public assumptions of a conspiracy between law enforcers, namely with several categories of interests, including: (1) The interests of the Prosecutor and Judges are in the interest of getting bribes (2) Advocates as law enforcers who accompany the defendant in defence of the interests of the accused by dirty and disgusting bribes. The role of advocates is very important in creating and maintaining a clean, authoritative and civilized justice system for the realization of the legal authority in this country.Thus, legal advocates must have faith and devotion to God strong and sturdy table and must dare to appear clean and first cleanse themselves from dirty thoughts in the midst of carrying out the legal profession, so that the noble profession is not polluted into contempt resulting from violation of legal norms and professional code of ethics by advocates. Based on the outputs achieved in this research program, namely the willingness and bottomlessness of the Advocates in defending the interests of the defendant must comply with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations and uphold the Code of Ethics Procession.The analysis of this paper shows that lawyers have made a legal defence of corruption defendants in a professional manner in accordance with applicable legal provisions and upholds the code of ethics of the legal profession, even though there is also information about an advocate who is trying to bribe one of the Corruption Crimes judges in a case. which is being handled by the Advocate concerned. The description of the results of this survey is expected to be used as input and advice that can help realize the Court's decision which has a deterrent effect on corruptors and potential corruptors in the future.  

Measuring and Explaining Inmate Misconduct

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Institutional Misconduct ◽  
Inmate Misconduct ◽  
Administrative Control ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Property Versus ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Versus Property ◽  
Control Theories

This essay explores definitions of inmate misconduct (e.g., the distinction between crimes versus “other” rule infractions, violent versus property versus drug crimes in prison, and the incidence versus the prevalence of institutional misconduct). The current applicability of importation, deprivation, and administrative control theories to understanding inmate deviance is assessed. Other potentially applicable criminological theories (e.g., social control theories, Agnew’s general strain theory) are also discussed. General theories of crime and deviance may offer a comprehensive explanation of misconduct and permit consideration of incarceration as a stage (or stages) in an offender’s life course that may encourage desistance from offending or induce further criminality. The literature on best practices for predicting (and preventing) institutional misconduct is also reviewed, as well as research on a possible link between engaging in misconduct during confinement and postrelease recidivism.

Anthropology and the Criminal Justice System

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Irene Glasser ◽  
Livingston Sutro
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Justice Statistics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
State Prisons

The criminal justice system, generally defined as the police, courts, and prisons, cries out for the attention of anthropology. The numbers of people involved are staggering. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics, the number of prisoners under federal or state correctional authorities in 1990 was more than 800,000 (a 134 percent increase over the past ten years). In July, 1990, Bureau of Justice Statistics indicated that the 245,562 offenders serving time in state prisons for crimes of violence had victimized an estimated 409,000 persons (including 79,300 persons killed).

Predictors of Violence Reported by Female and Male Inmates in Wisconsin State Prisons

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
D. Alper Camlibel ◽  
S. Hakan Can ◽  
Helen M. Hendy
Keyword(s):  
State Prisons ◽  
Male Inmates

Who Gets a Second Chance? Effectiveness and Equity in Supervision of Criminal Offenders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan K Rose
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Rule Violation ◽  
Technical Violations ◽  
The North ◽  
Black Offenders ◽  
Violation Rate ◽  
Second Chance ◽  
Technical Rules

Abstract Most convicted offenders serve their sentences under “community supervision” at home instead of in prison. Under supervision, however, a technical rule violation such as not paying fees can result in incarceration. Rule violations account for 25% of prison admissions nationally and are significantly more common among black offenders. I test whether technical rules are effective tools for identifying likely reoffenders and deterring crime and examine their disparate racial impacts using administrative data from North Carolina. Analysis of a 2011 reform reducing prison punishments for technical violations on probation reveals that 40% of rule breakers would go on to commit crimes if spared harsh punishment. The same reform also closed a 33% black-white gap in incarceration rates without substantially increasing the black-white reoffending gap. These effects combined imply that technical rules target riskier probationers overall, but disproportionately affect low-risk black offenders. To justify black probationers’ higher violation rate on efficiency grounds, their crimes must be roughly twice as socially costly as that of white probationers. Exploiting the repeat-spell nature of the North Carolina data, I estimate a semiparametric competing-risks model that allows me to distinguish the effects of particular types of technical rules from unobserved probationer heterogeneity. Rules related to the payment of fees and fines, which are common in many states, are ineffective in tagging likely reoffenders and drive differential impacts by race. These findings illustrate the potentially large influence of ostensibly race-neutral policies on racial disparities in the justice system.

Criminogenic Effects of the Prison Environment on Inmate Behavior: Some Experimental Evidence

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Camp ◽  
Gerald G. Gaes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Institutional Misconduct ◽  
One Step ◽  
Prison Environment ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Level I ◽  
Male Inmates

The current study analyzed a subset of the experimental data collected by Berk, Ladd, Graziano, and Baek (2003) to test whether different intensities of incarceration make inmates more criminal while incarcerated. There were 561 male inmates whose equivalent classification scores indicated they had the same level of risk to commit institutional misconduct at the time they were incarcerated. One half of these inmates were sent to the lowest security-level prisons in California, and the other one half were sent to prisons one step down from the highest security level in California. If prisons are criminogenic, then the probability of misconduct should vary with the security level to which the inmates were assigned. Instead, inmates were equally likely to commit misconduct in prison regardless of whether they were assigned to a Level I (lowest security level) or a Level III prison.

scholarly journals RECONSTRUCTION OF CHILD CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN PERSPECTIVE OF LAW NUMBER 11 THE YEAR 2012 CONCERNING JUSTICE CHILD CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM BASED ON JUSTICE VALUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Akhmad Munawar ◽  
Gunarto Gunarto ◽  
Anis Mashdurohatun ◽  
Sri Endah Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law

Children who are in conflict with the law are seen to need to be given physical and spiritual protection. Bearing in mind, the Court's decision is more likely to impose imprisonment sanctions. The United Nations in several Congresses has criticized imprisonment sanctions, besides having the potential to cause stigmatization in children, it is also ineffective and does not create a deterrent effect. This study aims to examine and to analyze the implementation of Child Criminal sanctions in the perspective of Law Number 11-year 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System, to analyze the factors that influence child criminal sanctions that are not yet fair. The research question is how the reconstruction of child-based criminal sanctions based on justice is. This research is included in non-doctrinal research (empirical). It used three theories, namely the theory of criminal purpose to analyze the first problem, the dignified justice theory to analyze the second problem and progressive legal theory to analyze the third problem. The results found that the implementation of sanctions Crime against a child in conflict with a law imposed by a prison sentence, the Judge in his consideration emphasizes juridical considerations so that the criminal sanctions imposed on the child are not in accordance with teleological theory as the purpose of punishment. Criminal sanctions against children have not brought justice, among others, because several articles in Law Number 11-year 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System still have weaknesses. Reconstruction of Articles that hinder the realization of fair criminal sanctions, namely Article 7 paragraph (2) Article 32 paragraph (2), Article 71 paragraph (1) letter e, Article 79 paragraph (1) and Article 81 paragraph (1) of the Law Number 11 the year 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN SANKSI TINDAKAN PADA ANAK YANG MELAKUKAN BULLYING SEHINGGA MENYEBABKAN TRAUMA PADA KORBAN DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evita Monica Chrysan ◽  
Yiska Marva Rohi ◽  
Dini Saputri Fredyandani Apituley
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Government

AbstractBullying or so-called harassment is an act where one or more people try to hurt or control another person by means of physical violence, such as hitting, pushing, and so on as well as verbal bullying such as insulting, shouting, using harsh words, post things that can intimidate someone on social media or anywhere. Acts of bullying generally occur in school children who are underage. Bullying is a matter that must be considered and needs to be treated seriously, considering that the action can endanger the mental and life of a person if done in an excessive manner as well as each person has a limit on themselves regarding the level of bully that exceeds that limit. The regulation of legislation governing criminal sanctions for children is Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Justice System. Therefore the bullying action that has a negative impact is a criminal offense and it is necessary to apply sanctions on the bullying child in a strict manner which not only causes a deterrent effect but the sanction is sought in order to improve behavior considering that a child is the nation's next generation as well as the application of action sanctions for children regulated in Article 82 paragraph (1) letter e of Law Number 11 Year 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children, namely the obliga-tion to attend formal education and/or training provided by the government or private bodies.Keywords: application of sanction actions on children; bullying; criminal justice system for childrenAbstrakBullying atau disebut perundungan adalah tindakan dimana satu orang atau lebih mencoba untuk menyakiti atau mengontrol orang lain dengan cara kekerasan baik menyakiti dalam bentuk fisik, seperti memukul, mendorong, dan sebagainya serta bullying dalam bentuk verbal seperti menghina, membentak, menggunakan kata-kata kasar, memposting hal yang dapat mengintimidasi seseorang di sosial media atau di tempat manapun. Tindakan bullying pada umumnya terjadi pada anak sekolah yang masih di bawah umur. Tindakan bullying menjadi hal yang harus diperhatikan serta perlu mendapat penanganan serius mengingat tindakan tersebut dapat membahayakan mental serta nyawa seseorang apabila dilakukan dengan cara berlebihan sebagaimana pula tiap-tiap orang memiliki batasan pada diri masing-masing mengenai tingkatan bully yang melampaui batas tersebut. Regulasi dari peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur sanksi pidana bagi anak adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Maka dari itu tindakan bullying yang menimbulkan dampak negatif tersebut merupakan suatu tindak pidana dan diperlukan penerapan sanksi pada anak pelaku bullying secara tegas yang bukan saja menimbulkan efek jera namun sanksi tersebut diupayakan agar dapat memperbaiki perilaku mengingat seorang anak adalah generasi penerus bangsa seperti halnya penerapan sanksi tindakan pada anak yang diatur dalam Pasal 82 ayat (1) huruf e Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak yaitu kewajiban mengikuti pendidikan formal dan/atau pelatihan yang diadakan oleh pemerintah atau badan swasta.Kata kunci: bullying; penerapan sanksi tindakan pada anak; sistem peradilan pidana anak

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