Determining the Validity and Accuracy of Multiple Activity-Tracking Devices in Controlled and Free-Walking Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel V. Gaz ◽  
Thomas M. Rieck ◽  
Nolan W. Peterson ◽  
Jennifer A. Ferguson ◽  
Darrell R. Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actual Number ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Distance ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Measured Distance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Better Than

Purpose: Clinicians and fitness professionals are increasingly recommending the use of activity trackers. This study compares commercially available activity tracking devices for step and distance accuracy in common exercise settings. Design: Cross sectional. Setting: Rochester, Minnesota. Participants: Thirty-two men (n = 10) and women (n = 22) participated in the study. Measures: Researchers manually counted steps and measured distance for all trials, while participants wore 6 activity tracking devices that measured steps and distance. Analysis: We computed the difference between the number of steps measured by the device and the actual number of steps recorded by the observers, as well as the distance displayed by the device and the actual distance measured. Results: The analyses showed that both the device and walking trials affected the accuracy of the results (steps or distance, P < .001). Hip-based devices were more accurate and consistent for measuring step count. No significant differences were found among devices or locations for the distance measured. Conclusions: Hip-based activity tracking devices varied in accuracy but performed better than their wrist-based counterparts for step accuracy. Distance measurements for both types of devices were more consistent but lacked accuracy.

scholarly journals Six ultraviolet minutes for cleaner operating theatres

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bosco ◽  
S Gambelli ◽  
V Urbano ◽  
G Cevenini ◽  
G Messina
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
Cleaning Procedures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Final Cleaning

Abstract Background Sanitizing the operating theatres (OT) is important to minimize risk of post-operative infections. Disinfection procedures between one operation and another is less aggressive than final cleaning procedures, at the end of the day. Aim was assessing the difference of contamination: i) between different levels of disinfection; ii) before and after the use of a UVC Device (UVC-D). Methods Between December 2019/February 2020 a cross sectional study was conducted in OT in a real clinical context. 94 Petri dishes (PD) were used in 3 OT. Three different sanitation levels (SL1-3) were compared pre- and post-use of UVC-D: i) No cleaning after surgery (SL1); ii) after in-between cleaning (SL2); iii) after terminal cleaning (SL3). UVC-D was employed for 6 minutes, 3 minutes per bed side. PD were incubated at 36 °C and colony forming unit (CFU) counted at 48h. Descriptive statistic, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to assess the contamination levels in total, pre/post use of UVC-D, and between different sanitation levels, respectively. Results In total we had a mean of 3.39 CFU/PD (C.I. 2.05 - 4.74) and a median of 1 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 39), after UVC-D use we had a mean of 2.20 CFU/PD (C.I. 0.69 - 5.09) and a median of 0 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 133). The UVC-D led to a significant reduction of CFU (p &lt; 0.001). Without UVC-D we had a significant CFU drop (p &lt; 0.05) between SL1 and SL3. Using UVC-D, we observed significant reductions of contamination (p &lt; 0.05) between SL3 and SL1. Comparing SL1 (median 0) post UVC-D use vs SL2 pre UVC-D use (median 0.5), and SL2 post UVC-D use (median 0) vs SL3 pre UVC-D use (median 1) we had a significant reduction of contamination (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions UVC-D improved environmental contamination in any of the three sanitation levels. Furthermore, the use of UVC-D alone was better than in-between and terminal cleaning. Although these encouraging results, the cleaning procedures executed by dedicated staff has to be considered. Key messages UVC are efficient to decrease contamination in operating theatres regardless of sanitation levels. The additional use of UVC technology to standard cleaning procedures significantly improves sanitation levels.

scholarly journals Interest and preferences for using advanced physical activity tracking devices: results of a national cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e011243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Alley ◽  
Stephanie Schoeppe ◽  
Diana Guertler ◽  
Cally Jennings ◽  
Mitch J Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tracking Devices

scholarly journals Evaluation of differences in health-related quality of life in patients receiving conventional versus newer anti-epileptic drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Kavisha S. Goswami ◽  
Devang A. Rana ◽  
Shalin Shah ◽  
Supriya D. Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Background: Epilepsy is associated with stigma and bad health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) due to this, and side effects of the drug therapy. Newer anti-epileptics are claimed to be better than the conventional. We evaluated this based on comparison of HR-QOL in patients taking the respective therapy.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, single point study involved 127 consenting patients from Neurology OPD at V.S. General Hospital. Quality of life in epilepsy-10 (QOLIE-10) questionnaire was used to measure HR-QOL in patients. SPSS software and Graphpad prism were used to analyze the variables.Results: Patients of 20-30 age group were commonly affected (37.80%) with a male predominance (56.69%). 41.73% were unemployed. The difference in HR-QOL between patients and controls in all three domains (epilepsy effects, mental effects, role function domains) of QOLIE-10 was significant (p=0.0002), indicating better HR-QOL in controls. The worst HR-QOL scores were found in Epilepsy effects domain. Metabolic adverse effects (38.58%) were the common ADRs. Sodium valproate was the most effective in controlling seizures (last seizure episode: 15 months). HR-QOL correlation between patients receiving monotherapy and polytherapy was significant (p=0.026) with monotherapy rendering a better HR-QOL. Comparison of HR-QOL between patients taking the conventional and the newer drugs was not significant (p=0.1768).Conclusions: Our study nullifies the claims that newer drugs are better than the conventional since no such benefit was seen in HR-QOL as well as ADRs. Our findings ruled out the belief that cases of epilepsy are better controlled with polytherapy.

scholarly journals Pola Peresepan Anak dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) Non Pneumonia di Klinik

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Rini Sasanti Handayani ◽  
Ida Diana Sari ◽  
Nita Prihartini ◽  
Yuyun Yuniar ◽  
Retno Gitawati
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Generic Prescribing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a common disease in the community. Riskesdas 2018 stated that ARI prevalence was 4.4% and the highest was in 1-4 years old children (8%). The capitation payment system in clinics collaborated with BPJS Kesehatan demands the physician to prescribe as effective and as efficient as possible. On the other hand, the capitation tariff obtained by clinics is considered as too low, thus constrains of the prescription leading to irrational prescribing is likely to occur. This study analyses further the prescribing pattern for ARI children in clinics and its rationality based on the difference in source of funding. A cross sectional research using retrospective method was conducted. Data were gathered from 409 medical records and or patients’ prescription of children between 1-12 years old and diagnosed as having non pneumonia ARI during 1st January to 30th November 2019. Result showed that non pneumonia ARI patients were mostly boys (54,3%) aged 1-5 years old (6.0%). The average number of items for BPJS patients was 3,45, the percentage of generic prescribing was twofold higher for BPJS group (63.94%), the percentage of essential medicine prescribing was 63.96% while the percentage of antibiotic use was lower (48.50%). Dosage propriety for BPJS patients was 70.80% which was slightly higher than non-BPJS group. Overall, the prescribing indicators and dosage properness for BPJS patients were better than non-BPJS patients.

Associations among physical activity tracking, physical activity motivation and level of physical activity in young adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110082
Author(s):  
Erin K O’Loughlin ◽  
Catherine M Sabiston ◽  
Melissa L deJonge ◽  
Kristen M Lucibello ◽  
Jennifer L O’Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Behavior Regulation ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Frequency Interaction ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Cluster Profiles ◽  
Physical Activity Motivation

Whether physical activity (PA) tracking devices are associated with PA motivation in young adults is largely unknown. We compared total PA minutes per week, total minutes walking/week, meeting moderate-to vigorous PA guidelines, and past-year activity tracking across motivation cluster profiles among 799 young adults. Participants with “self-determined” profiles reported the highest total PA minutes/week followed by participants with “low intrinsic,” “controlled self-determined,” and “high external” profiles. A behavior regulation profile X activity tracking frequency interaction was not significant. Behavior regulation profiles may need to be considered in PA interventions using activity trackers.

scholarly journals Activity Trackers, Relational Affordances, and Device Ecologies of Fitness Technologies (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi
Keyword(s):  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Complementary Interactions ◽  
Fitness Tracking ◽  
Fitness Trackers ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Technological Options ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

BACKGROUND With the proliferation of activity-tracking devices and other smart tools, more users leverage these technologies to track their physical and fitness-related activities. The research on the benefits (and limitations) of these devices tends to focus on the use of a single tool, leaving out the interactions among multiple technologies, and how these interactions influence the way users perceive affordances of activity trackers. OBJECTIVE The research on the benefits (and limitations) of fitness tacking devices to date tends to focus on the use of a single tool, leaving out the interactions among multiple technologies. Building from an ecological perspective, this work extend the research on activity-tracking devices by providing insight into the relationships among activity tracking devices and other fitness-related technologies within the device ecology of technologies around the user. METHODS This exploratory, qualitative study is based on 29 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with users of Fitbit fitness tracking devices. RESULTS Analysis of the interviews revealed competitive and complementary interactions among various fitness tracking devices, and explained how these interactions influenced the way users perceived affordances of fitness trackers in a device ecology. CONCLUSIONS The affordances of fitness devices are not enacted in isolation but are relational to those of other technological options and differing personal preferences and goals of the user.

scholarly journals The reliability of the angle of deviation measurement from the Photo-Hirschberg tests and Krimsky tests

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0258744
Author(s):  
S. Tengtrisorn ◽  
A. Tungsattayathitthan ◽  
S. Na Phatthalung ◽  
P. Singha ◽  
N. Rattanalert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prism Diopter ◽  
Intermittent Exotropia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deviation Measurement ◽  
Angle Of Deviation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Objective To compare the angle of deviation measured from Photo-Hirschberg testing and Krimsky testing, with that from an alternate prism cover test (APCT) in strabismus patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand. Thirty-three strabismus patients were photographed for analysis by Photo-Hirschberg testing using computer software. The corneal light reflex displacement, converted into prism diopter (PD), was compared to the angle of deviation measured with APCT. Twenty-eight strabismus patients were tested with the Krimsky test. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and paired t-tests. The study excluded 4 intermittent exotropia cases, 1 intermittent esotropia case and 2 which cases missing data for krimsky test. Results The mean±SD of the deviation angle, measured by APCT with a fixation target at 30 cm and 6 m; were 48.09±16.34PD and 47.82±15.73 PD, respectively. At 1 m, the difference in the angle of deviation measured from APCT and the Photo-Hirschberg test within 10 PD were 58.8% and 63.6%, for ET and XT, respectively. The difference in the angle of deviation measured from APCT and Krimsky tests within 10 PD in ET and XT were 86.7% and 80.0%, respectively. At 4 m, the difference in angle of deviation measured from APCT and Photo-Hirschberg tests within 10 PD in ET and XT were 58.8% and 54.5%, respectively; whereas, the difference in the angle of deviation measured from APCT and Krimsky tests within 10 PD in ET and XT were 80.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Conclusion The reliability of Krimsky test was better than Photo-Hirschberg test for measuring an angle of deviation.

scholarly journals Heart Rate and Distance Measurement of Two Multisport Activity Trackers and a Cellphone App in Different Sports: A Cross-Sectional Validation and Comparison Field Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Mario Budig ◽  
Michael Keiner ◽  
Riccardo Stoohs ◽  
Meike Hoffmeister ◽  
Volker Höltke
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Distance Measurement ◽  
Mean Absolute Percentage Error ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Absolute Percentage Error ◽  
Activity Trackers

Options for monitoring sports have been continuously developed by using activity trackers to determine almost all vital and movement parameters. The aim of this study was to validate heart rate and distance measurements of two activity trackers (Polar Ignite; Garmin Forerunner 945) and a cellphone app (Polar Beat app using iPhone 7 as a hardware platform) in a cross-sectional field study. Thirty-six moderate endurance-trained adults (20 males/16 females) completed a test battery consisting of walking and running 3 km, a 1.6 km interval run (standard 400 m outdoor stadium), 3 km forest run (outdoor), 500/1000 m swim and 4.3/31.5 km cycling tests. Heart rate was recorded via a Polar H10 chest strap and distance was controlled via a map, 400 m stadium or 50 m pool. For all tests except swimming, strong correlation values of r > 0.90 were calculated with moderate exercise intensity and a mean absolute percentage error of 2.85%. During the interval run, several significant deviations (p < 0.049) were observed. The swim disciplines showed significant differences (p < 0.001), with the 500 m test having a mean absolute percentage error of 8.61%, and the 1000 m test of 55.32%. In most tests, significant deviations (p < 0.001) were calculated for distance measurement. However, a maximum mean absolute percentage error of 4.74% and small mean absolute error based on the total route lengths were calculated. This study showed that the accuracy of heart rate measurements could be rated as good, except for rapid changing heart rate during interval training and swimming. Distance measurement differences were rated as non-relevant in practice for use in sports.

scholarly journals Comparison investigation on the load capacity of octagonal, circular and square concrete filled steel tubes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tak-Ming Chan ◽  
Jiong-Yi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Axial Stiffness ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Cross Sectional Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Concrete Filled Steel Tubes ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents a comparative investigation on the load capacity of octagonal concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) with that of the commonly used circular and square CFST. Existing experimental data of octagonal CFST were collected and based on the cross-sectional properties of the existing octagonal specimens, the corresponding circular and square cross-section were generated under three different control parameters: total cross-sectional area of column, confinement ratio and axial stiffness. Those circular and square cross-sections were used in the numerical analysis of CFST to obtain the load capacity for the comparative investigation. Validated finite element models were built for the modeling of the circular and square CFST. The outcome of comparison shows that the confinement ratio is the crucial parameter to the difference of axial behaviour between octagonal and circular CFST. Under the same confinement ratio, octagonal CFST has a very close axial bearing performance to that in circular CFST and are much better than the square CFST.

Removal of inelastically scattered electrons substantially increases phase contrast on frozen-hydrated molecules

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 652-653
Author(s):  
John P. Langmore ◽  
Brian D. Athey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Biological Structure ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Although electron diffraction indicates better than 0.3nm preservation of biological structure in vitreous ice, the imaging of molecules in ice is limited by low contrast. Thus, low-dose images of frozen-hydrated molecules have significantly more noise than images of air-dried or negatively-stained molecules. We have addressed the question of the origins of this loss of contrast. One unavoidable effect is the reduction in scattering contrast between a molecule and the background. In effect, the difference in scattering power between a molecule and its background is 2-5 times less in a layer of ice than in vacuum or negative stain. A second, previously unrecognized, effect is the large, incoherent background of inelastic scattering from the ice. This background reduces both scattering and phase contrast by an additional factor of about 3, as shown in this paper. We have used energy filtration on the Zeiss EM902 in order to eliminate this second effect, and also increase scattering contrast in bright-field and dark-field.

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