Revisiting the Suppression Relationship Between Social Learning and Self-Control on Software Piracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Burruss ◽  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Adam Bossler
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Software Piracy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Factor ◽  
Low Self Control

This study attempted to confirm the existence of a suppression situation among social learning, low self-control, and software piracy measures. Using a cross-sectional study of middle and high school students, structural equation modeling was used to confirm the measurement of a second-order social learning factor and the existence of a mediated suppression situation of low self-control through social learning on software piracy. The existence of a suppression situation was confirmed when low self-control was modeled with an indirect effect through social learning: The direct effect of low self-control on software piracy flipped direction from positive to negative and social learning’s direct effect size increased. This suppression situation was only demonstrated when social learning was modeled as a second-order latent factor. Future research of social learning should consider how its indicators are measured and the importance for the use of all social learning subdomains.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Low Self-Control, Substance-Using Peers and Intimate Partners, Pro-Drug Use Definitions, and Inhalant Use Among Convicted Offenders in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyong Choi ◽  
Nathan E. Kruis
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Mediation Hypothesis ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
The Relationship

Hirschi has repeatedly argued that the relationship between social learning variables and crime is a product of “self-selection” driven by low self-control (LSC). Akers’ has suggested that social learning mechanisms, such as affiliations with deviant individuals and acceptance of criminal definitions, can mediate the effects of LSC on crime. Interestingly, there has been little comparative work done to explore this mediation hypothesis in the realm of substance use for offender populations outside of the United States. This study helps fill these gaps in the literature by exploring the potential mediation effects of social learning variables on the relationship between LSC and inhalant use among a sample of 739 male offenders in South Korea. Our results provide strong support for the mediation hypothesis that LSC indirectly influences self-reported inhalant use through social learning mechanisms.

Strain, Criminal Propensity, and Violence: Examining the Role of the Composite Moderator in Agnew’s Extension to GST

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Street Youth ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Criminal Propensity ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Recent Extension

Utilizing a sample of 400 homeless street youth, this article examines Agnew’s recent extension to General Strain Theory and the identification of a composite moderator. Using an amalgamated moderator composed of low self-control, violent peers, and street code adherence, the study investigates how this combination increases the likelihood that individuals will respond to strain with violence. Findings indicate that four forms of child abuse and neglect, vicarious violent victimization, homelessness, and anger are all more likely to lead to violent offending when conditioned by the moderator. Findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.

Low Self-Control, Parental Intervention, and Delinquency Among Native American Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunin Baek ◽  
Jason A. Nicholson ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Parental Intervention ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control

Researchers in criminal justice literature have relatively underexamined the delinquency among Native American (NA) youth. Using data from the Drug Use Among Young Indians: Epidemiology and Prediction study, the present study tested assumptions in Gottfredson and Hirschi’s self-control theory. This study found evidence supporting the theory. Low self-control was a significant predictor to NA adolescents’ delinquency. However, parental intervention as an opportunity measure and it was not a mediation between low self-control and delinquency. Moreover, while parental intervention significantly decreased delinquency by female adolescents, parental intervention significantly increased delinquency by male adolescents. In addition, the mediation effect in structural equation modeling for males occurred; in contrast, the effect in the female model did not happen. On the other hand, low self-control was still the crucial predictor to adolescents’ delinquency across gender. Thus, future studies will need to account for the etiology of NA adolescents’ delinquency across gender using different approaches.

Using Structural Equations to Test a Multi-Theoretical Framework with Data on Cyberstalking Victimization in Iran: Self-Control, Control Deficit, Peers’ Online Deviant Behaviors, and Online Deviant Lifestyles

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872096850
Author(s):  
Saeed Kabiri ◽  
Jaeyong Choi ◽  
Seyyedeh Masoomeh (Shamila) Shadmanfaat ◽  
Julak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Integrated Theory ◽  
Low Self Control

Although there exists a growing amount of empirical literature documenting the correlates of cyberstalking victimization, research has yet to elaborate on the potential mechanisms that can explain the risk for cyberstalking victimization. We proposed an integrated theory, which combined low self-control, control deficit, peers’ online deviant behavior, and online deviant lifestyles based on previous research. We tested this integrated theory specifically for cyberstalking victimization using original data from a sample of 408 Iranian college women. Relying on structural equation modeling, we found that low self-control and peers’ online deviant behaviors were significantly associated with cyberstalking victimization not only directly but also indirectly via online deviant lifestyles. Overall, our findings yielded strong support for the integrated model to explain cyberstalking victimization.

Coping as a Mediator Between Parental Attachment and Resilience: An Examination of Differential Effects Between Chinese Adolescents From Single Parent Families Versus Those From Intact Families

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiamei Guo
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Maternal Attachment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intact Families ◽  
Single Parent Families

The crude divorce rate has been increasing steadily for over a decade in China. Consequently, more and more children have to face the challenge of growing up in single parent families. The current study investigated the mediating effects of problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping on the relationship between parental attachment and psychological resilience among a sample of Chinese adolescents from single parent families and intact families. Participants were 975 high school students (44.30% males; aged 15–19 years, M = 16.32 years, SD = 0.74), 871 from intact families and 104 from single parent families. Structural equation modeling showed that security in maternal attachment was positively associated with resilience through the indirect effect of reduced emotion-oriented coping among adolescents from single parent families. Among adolescents from intact families, security in maternal attachment was both directly associated with resilience and indirectly through enhanced problem-oriented and reduced emotion-oriented coping. Security in paternal attachment was associated with resilience both directly and indirectly through enhanced problem-oriented coping as well among those from intact families. Female adolescents exhibited significantly lower levels of resilience than male adolescents did regardless of the marital status of their parents. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Intercultural communication competence and preferred public relations practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Ni ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Maria De la Flor
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Communication Competence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intercultural Communication Competence ◽  
Positive Direct

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how individual-level intercultural communication competence (ICC) represented by cultural empathy, open-mindedness, and flexibility predicts preferred use of symmetrical, two-way, conservation, and ethical public relations practices (PRPs) among public relations (PRs) students. Design/methodology/approach – Structural equation modeling was used to analyze self-report data from 268 PRs students surveyed at a southern university. Findings – Results indicated that empathy, open-mindedness, and flexibility together significantly predicted the preferred use of all four PRPs. The three ICC variables each had a positive direct effect on symmetrical and ethical PRPs. Empathy and flexibility each had a positive direct effect on two-way and conservation PRPs. Research limitations/implications – This study provides evidence that the PRPs resulted from Excellence Theory, despite controversies over their practicality, are closely and positively related with ICC qualities such as empathy, open-mindedness, and flexibility among future practitioners. Future research should overcome the limitations in this study by examining current practitioners instead of PR students who are the future practitioners, investigating the PRP instruments’ criterion-related and construct validity, as well as exploring different levels and types of ICC. Originality/value – This study is new in bridging the gap between preferred PRPs and the qualities needed for those PRPs, thereby addressing two limitations in the current intercultural PRs research.

Does Family Process Mediate the Effect of Religiosity On Adolescent Deviance?

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd E. Pickering ◽  
Alexander T. Vazsonyi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Relational Practice ◽  
The Relationship

A considerable amount of research has been conducted on the nature of the relationship between both religiosity and family process with deviance. There are few studies, however, that investigate the interplay among religiosity, family process, and deviance. The current study sought to examine whether family process mediates the relationship between religiosity (conceptualized as ritualistic participation and relational practice) and deviance. High school students ( N = 865) responded to survey questions dealing with religiosity (two scales), family process (six scales for both mothers and fathers), and deviance (seven subscales and a total deviance scale). A structural equation modeling (SEM) analytic approach was used. Results indicated that family process did not mediate the relationship between religiosity and deviance. Relational practice was found to be a more robust predictor of deviant behavior than ritualistic participation. Future research in this area should seek to improve methods of data collection (e.g., multimethod) and to develop better scalar measures of religiosity.

scholarly journals Analiza školskih izostanaka s obzirom na bračni status roditelja

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1.) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smiljana Zrilić
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Absence ◽  
Low Expectations ◽  
Low Self Control

School nonattendance has become a modern behavior pattern of high school students. There is an increasing number of students who skip classes without a justified cause, so the total number of absences increases constantly. There are several reasons for such a behavior, and they mostly include individual characteristics of students (adolescence, emotional problems, low self-control, low self-respect and self-esteem, anxiety, avoiding duties), and elements related to peers and wider social context (alcohol and drug consummation, peers that practice nonattendance, idleness, partying, avoiding extracurricular activities, propensity for stealing, vandalism, fights, etc.). Some of the most important risk factors for nonattendance are: lack of teachers' support, non-cohesive class (negative school environment), extensive curriculum (overloading), teachers' failure to comply with the regulations related to testing students' knowledge, teaching as a one-way process (teachers' autonomy), overtolerant or overstrict teachers, lack of professional associates, frequent antisocial behavior in school, etc. Past researches showed that the variables related to family are important determinants of all forms of unacceptable behaviors in school. Some of the most important and most researched determinants are: education style (authoritative or overtolerant), malfunctioning marriage of the parents, addict parents, economic uncertainty, lack of supervision and control, noncommitted and inconsistent parents, inadequate expectations (too great or too low expectations), single parents, lack of cooperation with teachers. The modern phenomenon of parents' readiness to excuse the unjustified absence from school is closely related to increased tolerance of the parents toward school absence. This paper analyses the justified and unjustified absences in relation to marital status of the parents and their readiness to excuse their child's unjustified absence from school.

Unstructured Socializing with Peers, Low Self-Control, and Substance Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2096793
Author(s):  
Anna Leimberg ◽  
Peter S. Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hard Drug ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Unstructured Socializing

Research consistently finds that unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control are both positively associated with substance use among adolescents. However, largely absent from the literature is a consideration of whether unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control have differential and interactive effects when predicting usage of different classifications of drugs. The current study addresses these issues using data collected on a statewide sample of middle school and high school students who participated in the 2017 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey. Results indicate that (1) unstructured socializing with peers is a stronger predictor of soft drug use than low self-control, (2) low self-control is a stronger predictor of hard drug use than unstructured socializing with peers, and (3) the effect of unstructured socializing on both soft and hard drug use is diminished among adolescents who are lower in self-control.

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