Are You Moving Up or Falling Short? An Inquiry of Skills-based Variation in Self-perceived Employability among Norwegian Employees

This article investigates how educational level, job-related skills and employers’ support for competence development jointly determine Norwegian employees’ expectations of maintaining employment and career advancement. The data were collected in 2010 and 2013, and they comprise a representative sample of Norwegian employees. In contrast to previous research on self-perceived employability, this study divides expectations of advancement and continued employment. The results show that these are different measures of labour market success. While education is significantly correlated with both measures, the employer’s support for competence development is important for expectations of career advancement, especially among the highly educated, whereas the job–skills match is most relevant for the expectation of maintaining employment.

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Sharp rise in vaccine hesitancy in a large and representative sample of the French population: reasons for vaccine hesitancy.

10.31234/osf.io/r8h6z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anne-Sophie Hacquin ◽

Sacha Altay ◽

Emma de Araujo ◽

Coralie Chevallier ◽

Hugo Mercier

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Educational Level ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

The Political ◽

French Population ◽

Sharp Rise ◽

Vaccine Refusal ◽

French People ◽

Nationally Representative

A safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine is our only hope to decisively stop the spread of the SARS-CoV-2. But a vaccine will only be fully effective if a significant share of the population agrees to get it. Five consecutive surveys of a large, nationally representative sample (N = 1000 for each wave) surveyed attitudes towards a future COVID-19 vaccine in France from May 2020 to October 2020. We found that COVID-19 vaccine refusal has steadily increased, reaching an all-time high with only 23% of participants willing to probably or certainly take a future COVID-19 vaccine in September 2020. Vaccine hesitant individuals are more likely to be women, young, less educated, to vote at the political extremes, to be dissatisfied with the government’s response to the COVID-19 crisis, and to feel less at risk of COVID-19. The reasons why French people would refuse to take the COVID-19 vaccine are similar to those offered for other vaccines, and these reasons are strikingly stable across gender, age and educational level. Finally, most French people declare they would not take the vaccine as soon as possible but would instead rather wait or not take it at all.

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Chile

10.1093/oso/9780198801085.003.0010 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Guillermo Cruces ◽

Gary S. Fields ◽

David Jaume ◽

Mariana Viollaz

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Labour Market ◽

Unemployment Rate ◽

Educational Level ◽

International Crisis ◽

Occupational Position ◽

Rapid Economic Growth ◽

Poverty And Inequality

During the 2000s Chile achieved rapid economic growth and improved most labour market indicators: the unemployment rate fell; the mix of employment by occupational position and sector improved; the educational level of the employed population, the percentage of registered workers, and labour earnings increased; and all poverty and inequality indicators decreased. The economy suffered a recession during the international crisis of 2008, but recovered quickly. The chapter shows that some labour market indicators were negatively affected by the crisis. The unemployment rate was the only indicator that did not return to its pre-crisis level by the end of the period studied.

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Skilled Migrants in the Swedish Labour Market: An Analysis of Employment, Income and Occupational Status

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3428

Author(s):

Nahikari Irastorza ◽

Pieter Bevelander

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Division Of Labour ◽

Skilled Immigrants ◽

Highly Educated ◽

Highly Skilled Migrants ◽

Highly Skilled ◽

Integration Of Immigrants ◽

Employment Rates

In a globalised world with an increasing division of labour, the competition for highly skilled individuals—regardless of their origin—is growing, as is the value of such individuals for national economies. Yet the majority of studies analysing the economic integration of immigrants shows that those who are highly skilled also have substantial hurdles to overcome: their employment rates and salaries are lower and they face a higher education-to-occupation mismatch compared to highly skilled natives. This paper contributes to the paucity of studies on the employment patterns of highly skilled immigrants to Sweden by providing an overview of the socio-demographic characteristics, labour-market participation and occupational mobility of highly educated migrants in Sweden. Based on a statistical analysis of register data, we compare their employment rates, salaries and occupational skill level and mobility to those of immigrants with lower education and with natives. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that, while highly skilled immigrants perform better than those with a lower educational level, they never catch up with their native counterparts. Our regression analyses confirm these patterns for highly skilled migrants. Furthermore, we find that reasons for migration matter for highly skilled migrants’ employment outcomes, with labour migrants having better employment rates, income and qualification-matched employment than family reunion migrants and refugees.

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Tertiary Education Landscape and Labour Market Chances of the Highly Educated in Central and Eastern Europe

European Sociological Review ◽

10.1093/esr/jcs062 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 701-703 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

I. Kogan

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Labour Market ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Highly Educated

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The Roots of the Obesity Boom. The Relationship Between Overweight and Educational Level Among Dutch Men, 1950–1979

Historical Life Course Studies ◽

10.51964/hlcs9580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 124-129

Author(s):

Björn Quanjer ◽

Kristina Thompson

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Economic Status ◽

Historical Cohort ◽

Lower Educational Level ◽

Highly Educated ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

Economic Background ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

The Relationship

While in modern, high-income populations, obesity is associated with being from a low socio-economic background, this may not have always been the case. We test the relationship between obesity and educational level (as a proxy for socio-economic status) in a historical cohort of Dutch military conscripts, from the conscription years 1950–1979. We find that in the 1950s cohort, being in tertiary education was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of being overweight. In contrast, in the 1970s cohort, being in tertiary education was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of being overweight. We find evidence that the prevalence of obesity remained broadly similar among more highly educated men, while it increased among men of a lower educational level. This likely contributed to the overall rise in the obesity rate. Our findings echo other studies that find a crossover in education’s relationship to BMI as populations become wealthier and obesity rates rise.

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Exploring of Dietary Patterns, and Possible Association with Educational Level, among Jordanian Pregnant Women

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.9.1.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Reema Tayyem ◽

Shatha Hammad ◽

Sabika S. Allehdan ◽

Dana Abdelrahim ◽

Lydia Djellouli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Educational Level ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fruit And Vegetables ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Activity Data ◽

Highly Educated

Evaluating dietary patterns could provide an overall view of food and nutrient which consumed regularly. Better understanding of dietary patterns in pregnant women may be considered an acceptable mean to identify unhealthy dietary practices and the associations with undesirable pregnancy outcomes, which necessitates urgent intervention. This study aimed to determine the dietary pattern followed by Jordanian women during pregnancy in the second and third trimesters and to detect possible association between the dietary patterns and educational level. A total of 286 healthy, pregnant Jordanian women, aged ≥ 18 years with singleton pregnancies, completed the study. Sociodemographic, dietary, and physical activity data were collected using validated questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified using a Principal Component Analysis. A multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of education level on dietary intake. Three dietary patterns were identified during the entire duration of pregnancy; ‘High-Fat, High-Sugar’, ‘Fruit and Vegetables', and ‘High Protein’ which explained about 32% of the variability of the study sample. Dietary patterns adopted by pregnant women during the second and third trimesters, separately, were able to explain about 40% of the variability during each trimester. Educational level showed associations with dietary patterns, in which ‘Fruit and Vegetables' and ‘Healthy’ patterns were remarkably manifested as the preferred pattern of consumption for the highly educated women during their third trimester. Different dietary patterns have been identified among Jordanian pregnant women throughout their pregnancy trimesters. Higher educational level could influence food choices. Fruit and Vegetables' and ‘Healthy’ patterns were the followed patterns among the highly educated women during their third trimester.

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