Frequency and temperature-dependent impedance spectroscopy of PVA/PEG polymer blend film

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 918-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhi Nangia ◽  
Neeraj K Shukla ◽  
Ambika Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Electric Modulus ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Poly Ethylene

In this work, polymer blend films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were prepared by solution casting technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to investigate the structural details of the polymer blend. XRD pattern confirms the polycrystalline nature of the films. Sandwich structures of the type Ag-PVA/PEG-Ag were formed to study the dielectric and conduction properties in the frequency range 300 Hz–3 MHz and at different temperatures varying from 298 K to 420 K. Experimental results show that both dielectric constant ( ε′) and dielectric loss ( ε″) values were strong functions of frequency and temperature. The AC conductivity ( σAC) was found to obey the power law Aωs and correlated barrier hopping as the conduction mechanism. The imaginary part of electric modulus shows peak shifting corresponding to relaxation mechanisms. Electric modulus study was also found to support the dielectric permittivity data.

scholarly journals Structural, Thermal and Optical Properties of PMMA, PEO and PMMA/PEO/LiClO4 Polymer Electrolyte Blends

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ravindar Reddy ◽  
M. Jaipal Reddy ◽  
A. R. Subrahmanyam
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Pure Pmma ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Interaction Interface ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Polymer Blend Electrolyte

This paper is a report of a study conducted on Structural, thermal and optical Properties of pure PMMA, pure PEO and PMMA-PEO-LiClO4 polymer blend electrolyte thin films. These films were prepared using solution casting technique and characterized by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). XRD analysis Observations confirmed that amorphous, crystalline and semi crystalline nature of pure PMMA, pure PEO and PMMA-PEO-LiClO4 polymer blend electrolyte thin films the SEM micrographs suggest that the surface morphology of pure PEO changes from smooth to rough when PMMA and LiClO4 added to PEO polymer, which shows the interaction/ interface between the two polymers and polymer blend electrolyte due to cross – linking. Glass transition (Tg) and melting temperatures (Tm) of pure PMMA, pure PEO and PMMA-PEO-LiClO4 polymer blend electrolyte thin films were confirmed by DSC analysis. FTIR spectra confirmed that complex formation and interaction among PMMA, PEO polymers and LiClO4 salt.

Effects of Different Concentration in (w/v)% of Carboxymethyl Iota-Carrageenan Based Green Polymer Electrolyte

2015 ◽  
Vol 1107 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Fatihah Najirah Jumaah ◽  
Azizan Ahmad ◽  
Hussein Hanibah ◽  
Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak ◽  
M.A. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Amorphous Region ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Green Polymer

The effect of different concentrations in weight per volume percentage, (w/v)% of iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl-iota carrageenan used as the green polymer electrolyte has been studied. The polymer electrolyte films were prepared by solution casting technique. Different concentration in the range from 1.0 – 6.0 (w/v)% were dissolved in fix volume of acetic acid which act as solvent. The films have been analyzed through attenuated Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The EIS results showed that the ionic conductivity increased as the concentration of the polymer increases. In comparison between iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl iota-carrageenan, carboxymethyl-iota carrageenan showed better results due to the presence of more active site. The highest conductivity achieved by iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl iota-carrageenan were 3.45 × 10-6S cm-1and 9.57 × 10-4S cm-1at the concentration 3.0 and 4.0 (w/v)% , respectively. From the FTIR spectra, it depicts that the intensity of significant peaks of ether and carboxylate group increases as the concentration of polymer increases. The XRD analysis showed that as the concentration of polymer increase, the amorphous region in the films would be enhanced. This study showed that the concentration play significant role in the ionic conductivity improvement.

CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE/TI6AL4V COMPOSITE POWDER UNDER VARIOUS SINTERING TEMPERATURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Arifin ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Junaidi Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Powder ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Work Interaction

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, Hydroxyapatite possesses poor mechanical properties and only tolerate limited loads for implants. Titanium is well-known materials applied in implant that has advantage in mechanical properties but poor in biocompatibility. The combination of the Titanium alloy and HA is expected to produce bio-implants with good in term of mechanical properties and biocompatabilty. In this work, interaction and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V was analyzed. The physical and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V composite powder obtained from compaction (powder metallurgy) of 60 wt.% Ti6Al4V and 40 wt.% HA and sintering at different temperatures in air were investigated in this study. Interactions of the mixed powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The hardness and density of the HA/Ti6Al4V composites were also measured. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the oxidation of Ti began at 700 °C. At 1000 °C, two phases were formed (i.e., TiO2 and CaTiO3). The results showed that the hardness HA/Ti6Al4V composites increased by 221.6% with increasing sintering temperature from 700oC to 1000oC. In contrast, the density of the composites decreased by 1.9% with increasing sintering temperature. 

scholarly journals Effect of Sterilization on the Properties of a Bioactive Hybrid Coating Containing Hydroxyapatite

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. K. Baldin ◽  
C. F. Malfatti ◽  
V. Rodói ◽  
R. N. Brandalise
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Hybrid Coating ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Different Temperatures

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of sterilization on a hybrid coating obtained from a sol composed of alkoxysilane tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and organoalkoxysilane methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) containing 10% (mass) of hydroxyapatite particles. The coating was obtained by dip coating, by applying two layers (protective/bioactive), which were cured at different temperatures (450°C and 60°C). The effects of sterilization on the superficial, electrochemical, bioactive, and mechanical properties of the coating were evaluated by performing different sterilization processes, namely, steam autoclave, hydrogen peroxide plasma, and ethylene oxide. Subsequently, the coating was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM/FEG), and FTIR measurements were performed to characterize the chemical structure. The bioactivity and degradability of the coating were analyzed by mass variation after immersion in SBF and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The electrochemical behavior was assessed by open circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic polarization curves and the mechanical behavior by wear resistance. Results showed that all sterilization processes caused significant morphological changes in the hybrid coating. The autoclaved sample presented the highest structural chemical changes, and, consequently, the highest degradability, even though it had a superior bioactive behavior in relation to the other samples. In addition, the sterilization processes influenced the electrochemical behavior of the hybrid coating and altered the mechanical resistance to abrasion, thus presenting lower wear performance in relation to the nonsterilized sample.

scholarly journals Effect of Zirconium Oxide Nanofiller and Dibutyl Phthalate Plasticizer on Ionic Conductivity and Optical Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolyte

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Mariah Mohd Yasin ◽  
Suriani Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Rafie Johan
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Localized States ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Phthalate Plasticizer ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Poly Ethylene

New solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) doped with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF3SO3), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) plasticizer, and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles were prepared by solution-casting technique. The conductivity was enhanced by addition of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) plasticizer and ZrO2nanofiller with maximum conductivity(1.38×10-4 Scm-1). The absorption edge and band gap values showed decreases upon addition of LiSO3CF3, DBP, and ZrO2due to the formation of localized states in the SPE and the degree of disorder in the films increased.

scholarly journals Chlorapatite Derived from Fish Scales

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Luyara de Almeida Cavalcante ◽  
Laís Sibaldo Ribeiro ◽  
Mitsuo Lopes Takeno ◽  
Pedro Tupa Pandava Aum ◽  
Yanne Katiussy Pereira Gurgel Aum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arapaima Gigas ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The present work demonstrates the production of chlorapatite (ClAp) through thermal decomposition of chemically treated fish scales, originating from an Amazon fish species (Arapaima gigas). The scales were treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution for deproteinization. Afterwards, the solution was neutralized by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment to obtain an apatite-rich slurry. The heat treatment was carried out at different temperatures including 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. The powders obtained were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD analysis and FTIR spectra confirmed the incorporation of chlorine into the apatite structure. The FTIR results showed absorption bands relative to the OH–, PO43− functional groups which are a characteristic of chlorapatite. Moreover, the intensity of the OH–Cl elongation could be observed. Chlorapatite Ca5(PO4)3Cl, NaCl, and NaCaPO4 phases were identified, achieving up to 87.4 wt% for ClAp. The SEM observations show that with increasing temperature, the ClAp obtained consists of slightly larger, more crystalline grains. Furthermore, the grains ranged in size, between 1-5 μm and ClAp1000 sample recorded crystallinity of 84.27%. ClAp and NaCaPO4 can be used in electronics as phosphor materials due to their luminescence and biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte of Glycidyl Methacrylate-Methyl Methacrylate-LiClO4Plasticized with Ethylene Carbonate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Imperiyka ◽  
A. Ahmad ◽  
S. A. Hanifah ◽  
M. Y. A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solar Cell Application ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Solution Casting Technique

In the present investigation, we study the properties of the plasticized polyglycidyl methacrylate P(GMA) copolymerized with polymethyl methacrylate P(MMA)-LiClO4polymer electrolyte prepared by solution casting technique. The electrolyte was characterized using impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The conductivity was improved from1.3×10−12 S cm−1to8.7×10−6 S cm−1upon the addition of 25 wt.% LiClO4salt into P(GMA-MMA). The conductivity was improved from1.4×10−6 S cm−1to3.0×10−4 S cm−1upon the addition of 80 wt.% EC into P(GMA-MMA)-LiClO4The band that belongs to C–O–C is shifted farther than the band of C=O upon the addition of LiClO4into P(GMA-MMA). The band of C–O–C stretching is shifted to lower wavenumber upon the addition of EC into P(GMA-MMA)-LiClO4. Upon the addition of EC into P(GMA-co-MMA), the intensity of the peaks decreases, implying the amorphous nature of the electrolyte increases with the concentration of the plasticizer. The electrolyte is electrochemically stable at 3.8 V, making it suitable for dye-sensitized solar cell application.

Temperature Controlled Synthesis of Ce–MnO2 Nanostructure: Promising Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Rajagopal ◽  
Kwang-Sun Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Microscope Technique ◽  
Supercapacitor Applications

The objective of this study was to prepare Ce–MnO2 nanostructure composite as an electrode material for supercapacitor application. Ce–MnO2 nanostructure composite was synthesized by facile hydrothermal method at different temperatures. Structural details of pure and Ce–MnO2 nanostructure composite were studied using powder X-ray diffraction technique. The formation of flower like structure and strong interaction with Ce and MnO2 were confirmed by field emission electron microscope technique. Their electrochemical performances were elucidated by using cyclic voltammetry, charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Nearly rectangular shaped cyclic voltagram was observed for synthesized Ce–MnO2 nanostructure composite electrode, indicating the existence of electric double layer capacitance nature. Ce–MnO2 (130) nanostructure composite exhibited high specific capacitance value of 147.25 F/g at applied current density of 1 A/g in 1 M Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. Furthermore, resistive and capacitive behaviors of these electrodes were studied from Nyquist and bode diagrams within frequency range of 10 mHz to 100 kHz.

Hot corrosion behaviour of Super 304H for marine applications at elevated temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Adam Khan ◽  
S. Sundarrajan ◽  
S. Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Marine Applications

Purpose The aim of this paper is to study the hot corrosion behaviour of super 304H stainless steel for marine applications. Design/methodology/approach The investigation was carried out with three different combinations of salt mixture (Na2SO4, NaCl and V2O5) at two different temperatures (800 and 900°C). Findings The spalling and growth of oxide layer was observed more with the presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture at 900°C during experimentation than what was observed in 800°C. The mass change per unit area is calculated to study the corrosion kinetics and also the influence of salt mixture. Further, the samples are analysed through materials characterisation techniques using optical image, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture was the most important influencing species for accelerating hot corrosion. Originality/value SEM, EDAX and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 at 900°C showing contribution in corrosion protection.

Biodegradation Studies of Attapulgite Clay Filled Polyvinyl Alcohol/Modified Corn Starch Blend Films: Microbial and Enzymatic

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 668-672
Author(s):  
Fairus Mazlia Mat Suki ◽  
Nur Azleen Azahari ◽  
Nadras Othman ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
S. Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
Blend Film ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Attapulgite Clay

Attapulgite Clay Filled Polyvinyl Alcohol/modified Corn Starch (PVOH/OCS/AT) Blend Films were Prepared by Solution Casting Technique. Biodegradability of the Blend Films were Determined by the Biodegradation in Microbial and Enzymatic Degradation. the Obtained Results Showed that the Addition of Attapulgite in Polyvinyl Alcohol/modified Corn Starch (PVOH/OCS) Blend Film has Changed the Biodegradability of the Film in both Microbial, Enzymatic Media. among all the Attapulgite-Filled Blends, PVOH/OCS/AT2 Blend Film Shows the Optimum Biodegradability Behavior because this Blend System Shows Highest DED and DMD Values.

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