scholarly journals Life cycle cost analysis for the top-of-rail friction-modifier application: A case study from the Swedish iron ore line

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Saad Ahmed Khan ◽  
Jan Lundberg ◽  
Christer Stenström
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Friction Modifiers ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Board System

The application of top-of-rail friction modifiers (TOR-FMs) is claimed by their manufacturers as a well-established technique for minimising the damages in the wheel–rail interface. There are various methods for applying friction modifiers at the wheel–rail interface, among which stationary wayside systems are recommended by TOR-FM manufacturers when a distance of a few kilometres is to be covered. An on-board system is recommended when an area of many kilometres has to be covered and focus is more on particular trains. Trafikverket in Sweden is considering the implementation of the TOR-FM technology on the iron ore line. Directly implementing such technology can be inappropriate and expensive, because the life cycle cost of a TOR-FM system has never been assessed for the conditions of the iron ore line. In the present study, the life cycle cost is calculated for wayside and on-board application systems, by taking inputs from the research performed on iron ore line. The present research has taken the iron ore line as a case study, but the results will be applicable to other infrastructure with similar conditions. The results have shown that the wayside equipment is economically unfeasible for the iron ore line. In this case, the life cycle cost increases by 4% when the friction modifier is applied on all curves with a radius smaller than 550 m and by 19% when the friction modifier is applied on all curves with a radius smaller than 850 m. The on-board system used in this study is shown to be economically feasible, as it has a significantly lower operation and maintenance cost than the wayside equipment. The reduction in the maintenance (grinding and rail replacement) cost when the cost of the friction modifier application is added is 27% when the friction modifier is applied on curves with a radius smaller than 550 m and 23% when the friction modifier is applied on curves with a radius smaller than 850 m.

scholarly journals Uncertainty estimation in railway track life-cycle cost: a case study from Swedish National Rail Administration

2008 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Patra ◽  
P Söderholm ◽  
U Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Support

Life-cycle cost (LCC) is used as a cost-effective decision support for maintenance of railway track infrastructure. However, a fair degree of uncertainty associated with the estimation of LCC is due to the statistical characteristics of reliability and maintainability parameters. This paper presents a methodology for estimation of uncertainty linked with LCC, by a combination of design of experiment and Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed methodology is illustrated by a case study of Banverket (Swedish National Rail Administration). The paper also includes developed maintenance cost models for track.

Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Substation

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2370-2376
Author(s):  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Di Su ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Yu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Cost Estimating ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Engineering Project Management ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Life Cycle Cost of Construction engineering project management is a combination of modern management theory—system theory, cybernetics and information theory combined with the construction project. In this paper, a model of substation life cycle cost is built comprehensively, by making a model for the cost estimating of substation design and construction cost. Meanwhile, the operation loss, operation maintenance cost are analyzed and calculated, the estimate of the retirement costs is carried on. On these basics, analyzes the relationship between the cost, then the numerical example is given ultimately. Eventually, optimal reliability and economical efficiency is achieved.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE TECHNIQUE IN REDUCING COSTS AND ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, A CASE STUDY IN THE RUSTAN STEEL STRUCTURE PRODUCTION COMPANY IN ERBIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 314-328
Author(s):  
Ghazi Abdulazeez SULAIMAN BAG ◽  
Rafiq Faraj MAHMOOD
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This research was - case study in Rstin company for the steel structures in Erbil- addressed the cost technique of product life cycle, as discussed the kinds, relevance and the stages of the life cycle of the product, also it referred to the corporate governance of discussing its inception the concept and importance of the principles, objectives, and mechanisms was addressed to the technical aspects of the overlap between the cost of the product life cycle corporate governance and show the appropriate techniques used in each stage of the life cycle of the product and how it achieved by a reduction of costs. The result of this study indicates that the integration between the product life cycle cost and corporate governance works on reduce costs through the various stages of product life cycle. It also concluded that this integration increases the company ability to compete in market which leads to rise in its market share and eventually lead to maximize the profit which has been achieved through the optimal use of a company available resources. It also found that the techniques of life cycle cost of the product cannot be applied without support of the company directors, throughout the technical requirements of the application. Corporate governance ensures directors of the company to utilize firm resources which makes the company to achieve several stakeholders' objectives.

Probabilistic Characterization of Life-Cycle Agency and User Costs: Case Study of Minnesota

2017 ◽  
Vol 2639 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Akbarian ◽  
Omar Swei ◽  
Randolph Kirchain ◽  
Jeremy Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
User Costs ◽  
Probabilistic Characterization ◽  
The Cost

Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a commonly used approach by pavement engineers to compare the economic efficiency of alternative pavement design and maintenance strategies. Over the past two decades, the pavement community has augmented the LCCA framework used in practice by explicitly accounting for uncertainty in the decision-making process and incorporating life-cycle costs not only to the agency but also to the users of a facility. This study represents another step toward improving the LCCA process by focusing on methods to characterize the cost of relevant pay items for an LCCA as well as integrating costs accrued to users of a facility caused by pavement–vehicle interaction (PVI) and work zone delays. The developed model was implemented in a case study to quantify the potential implication of both of these components on the outcomes of an LCCA. Results from the construction cost analysis suggest that the proposed approaches in this paper lead to high-fidelity estimates that outperform current practice. Furthermore, results from the case study indicate that PVI can be a dominant contributor to total life-cycle costs and, therefore, should be incorporated in future LCCAs.

scholarly journals Environmental and Economic Analysis of Selected Pavement Preservation Treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Zulu ◽  
Rajendra P. Singh ◽  
Farai Ada Shaba
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Pavement Preservation ◽  
Maintenance Service ◽  
The Cost

Pavements are one of the highest assets and represent massive investment. The need to design and provide a sustainable maintenance service is becoming a priority and this comes mutually with the intentions to reduce impacts caused by maintenance treatments to the environment. This paper through a case study presents a Life Cycle Cost and Assessment technique during a 30 year analysis period to measure the cost effectiveness, embodied energy and carbon emissions of selected preservation treatments. These treatments can either be applied separately or in combination during the preventive maintenance of road pavements. This study entails three life cycle phases of material extraction and production, transportation and construction of maintenance activities. Through a literature review, raw materials energy and emission inventory data was averaged followed by the analysis of the equipment involved by using the specific fuel consumption to calculate the energy and emissions spent by the machine and finally the selected treatment energy and emissions was computed. Results show that preservation treatments can have an LCC of 30-40 % and embodied energy and carbon emission of 3-6 times lower than the traditional approach. This study bridges gaps in literature on integrated evaluation of environmental and economic aspects of preservation treatments.

Suitability of life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) as asset management tools for institutional buildings

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Shankar Kshirsagar ◽  
Mohamed A. El‐Gafy ◽  
Tariq Sami Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for institutional (higher education) buildings as a predictor of actual realised facility costs.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodology includes a comprehensive literature review to identify issues, best practices and implementation of LCCA in the construction industry. A case study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of LCCA in predicting facility costs.FindingsNotwithstanding the benefits of LCCA, its adoption has been relatively slow for institutional buildings. The case study revealed that the average difference between estimated and actual construction cost is 37 per cent, whereas the average difference between the actual and estimated maintenance cost is 48 per cent. There is an average difference of 85 per cent in the actual and estimated administration cost.Research limitations/implicationsWhile limited to a few buildings, the case study underscores that LCCA methods should not be used for cost predictions of facility performance but rather for comparing total costs of alternative building features and systems, as well as building types. Sensitivity analysis also revealed that the selection of a discount rate would have less impact on recurring costs estimates compared to non‐recurring cost estimates. Facilities managers' involvement in LCCA technique developments and implementations will likely improve its performance during programming phases.Practical implicationsThe value of LCCA procedures is limited as a predictor of actual realised facility costs. Educational institutions can use the methods described in this paper to replicate the study and arrive at their own conclusions regarding the LCCA techniques and their potential use in programming stages.Originality/valueThe paper evaluated the accuracy of LCCA for institutional buildings and the potential of LCCA as an asset management tool for institutional buildings and provided suggestions to improve its adoption in facilities management.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Cost of Electricity Production: A Comparative Study of Coal-Fired, Biomass, and Wind Power in China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3463
Author(s):  
Xueliang Yuan ◽  
Leping Chen ◽  
Xuerou Sheng ◽  
Mengyue Liu ◽  
Yue Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
External Cost ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Cost Of Electricity

Economic cost is decisive for the development of different power generation. Life cycle cost (LCC) is a useful tool in calculating the cost at all life stages of electricity generation. This study improves the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) model as the LCC calculation methods from three aspects, including considering the quantification of external cost, expanding the compositions of internal cost, and discounting power generation. The improved LCOE model is applied to three representative kinds of power generation, namely, coal-fired, biomass, and wind power in China, in the base year 2015. The external cost is quantified based on the ReCiPe model and an economic value conversion factor system. Results show that the internal cost of coal-fired, biomass, and wind power are 0.049, 0.098, and 0.081 USD/kWh, separately. With the quantification of external cost, the LCCs of the three are 0.275, 0.249, and 0.081 USD/kWh, respectively. Sensitivity analysis is conducted on the discount rate and five cost factors, namely, the capital cost, raw material cost, operational and maintenance cost (O&M cost), other annual costs, and external costs. The results provide a quantitative reference for decision makings of electricity production and consumption.

scholarly journals Modelling Sustainable Industrial Symbiosis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Hafiz Haq ◽  
Petri Välisuo ◽  
Seppo Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Network Connections

Industrial symbiosis networks conventionally provide economic and environmental benefits to participating industries. However, most studies have failed to quantify waste management solutions and identify network connections in addition to methodological variation of assessments. This study provides a comprehensive model to conduct sustainable study of industrial symbiosis, which includes identification of network connections, life cycle assessment of materials, economic assessment, and environmental performance using standard guidelines from the literature. Additionally, a case study of industrial symbiosis network from Sodankylä region of Finland is implemented. Results projected an estimated life cycle cost of €115.20 million. The symbiotic environment would save €6.42 million in waste management cost to the business participants in addition to the projected environmental impact of 0.95 million tonne of CO2, 339.80 tonne of CH4, and 18.20 tonne of N2O. The potential of further cost saving with presented optimal assessment in the current architecture is forecast at €0.63 million every year.

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