Energy and the Environment 'The Nuclear Option'

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Robert Hawley
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Generation Technology

The world's consumption of primary energy continues to rise rapidly, mainly because of the developing countries who cannot yet provide the services essential to improving the quality of life. Increasing energy consumption, the effect it will have on the world's finite resources and, more importantly, on the environment, leave the world's population facing serious challenges. This paper will briefly consider the power generation technology options that offer sustainable development including the role that nuclear power plays today, and will need to play in the next century, to preserve and improve the quality of life worldwide.

scholarly journals Quality of Life Dependence on Energy Consumption: Intercountry Variations

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Yu. CHEREVATSKYI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
National Economies

The unity and struggle of opposites in the context of quality of life determines the use of primary energy resources, whether fossil or alternative sources, which is related to the state of the environment. An effective policy for the sustainable development of mankind requires the consumption of large amounts of energy to make life dignified, and the strict limitation of the consumption of energy to protect the environment. Th e purpose of the article is to determine the dependence of the quality of life of the population on the consumption of primary energy resources in national economies. Th e novelty of the research lies in the comparison of the quality of life of the population in national economies with the consumption of primary energy resources; application of the indicator of lost years of healthy life as a measure of the quality of life of the population; introduction of concepts of density of lost years of healthy life and ecological density (the ratio of the national value of Footprint to the energy resources consumption). Research methods. Th e work is based on the use of the Global Disease Burden project methodology; comparative research, mathematical statistics (regression and cluster analysis); mathematical modelling. Th e uneven specific consumption of energy resources in national economies of different types is proved based on cluster analysis results, it is found that industrial countries consume more energy than countries with warm climates, but less than developed countries, high energy consumption reduces the number of lost years of active life, but greatly increases the size of ecological Footprint. Th e phenomenon of peninsulas in quality of life is demonstrated, the density of lost years of healthy life and ecological density in national economies in relation to primary energy consumption is analyzed, the significant non-linearity of dependencies is proved, and it is shown that meeting the requirements of sustainable development is impossible without deteriorating the quality of life of countries with population that consumes a lot of energy, but under the conditions of exponential characteristics of the development deterioration is unlikely to be catastrophic.

Priority setting in agricultural land-use types for sustainable development

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Akpinar ◽  
Ilkden Talay ◽  
Sema Gun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Use Decisions ◽  
Multicriteria Methods

AbstractEven in developing countries that are faced with ecological and socio-economic problems, agricultural areas are constrained by land-use laws to be developed in particular ways. This being the case, the major issues in these areas are a better quality of life and sustainable use of the limited resources. This necessitates planning for sustainable development and evaluating various qualitative and quantitative data in a single framework. Multicriteria or multipurpose decision analysis methods are appropriate for this purpose. Using these methods, physical, economical and social data, as well as planning goals, can be combined and evaluated in the context of sustainable development. These multicriteria methods have been documented widely in a variety of problem areas, but two multicriteria methods, namely AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and ELECTRE II (elimination and choice translating reality), have not been used extensively in agricultural land-use decisions in developing countries. However, in situations where decision-making criteria are non-commensurable, non-comparable or non-countable, and when it is necessary to evaluate the criteria together, as in agricultural land-use decisions, AHP and ELECTRE II methods are warranted. This study reviews these methods briefly and suggests their potential application in the agricultural land-use decision process in a developing country. For this purpose, these methods were sampled in Ziyaret Stream Basin in Adiyaman, which is part of the Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi (GAP) (South-eastern Anatolian Project) in the Republic of Turkey. The area could be characterized by its rural and agricultural features, although it is under the pressure of Adiyaman urban development. This study shows that both AHP and ELECTRE II methods can be applied successfully for the determination of agricultural land-use priorities, which are an essential part of the quality of life and of sustainable land-use studies.

scholarly journals Public Health, Quality of Life and Energy Consumption in Ukraine’s Regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Danylo Chertvatskyi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Health Quality Of Life ◽  
Regional Product

With the methods of mathematical analysis for five indicators, including the specific consumption of primary energy resources, the specific output of the gross regional product, the years of potential life lost due to premature death, the share of industry in fuel consumption, the number of people, the regions of Ukraine were divided into five clusters. The indicator of the lost years of potential life is used as a criterion for the quality of life: the lower its value, the higher the level of quality of life. The volume of gross regional product is proposed to be calculated in Big Macs, by analogy with the method proposed by ‘The Economist’ magazine to recalculate national indicators for purchasing power parity. It was established that the regions included in the third cluster, Dnipropetrovsk and Donetsk, with the largest primary energy consumption per person, and seven regions from the second cluster, characterized by relatively low energy consumption, have a statistically insignificant difference in the number of years of potential life lost, the largest in the sample. The revealed feature can be explained by the fact that regions from the second cluster do not consume enough primary energy resources, while regions from the third cluster are under negative environmental impact and, moreover, are forced to spend an overwhelming amount of energy resources to maintain a powerful industrial sector. So, in 2011, the economic activity of the Dnipropetrovsk region led to the formation of 62% of waste from the national volume, the share of the Donetsk region was 14%. The share of industry in the consumption of fuel resources in the Donetsk region, according to statistics is 98%. The obtained results indicate a significant impact of energy consumption on indicators of public health and the quality of life of the population of the Ukrainian regions. The influence of the nomenclature of energy carriers, the quantity and composition of waste resulting from economic activity require a detailed study in the context of establishing the living standards of the population. Keywords public health, quality of life, energy consumption, regions, clusters.

scholarly journals LEGAL PERSPECTIVES ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Farahdilah Ghazali ◽  
Abdul Haseeb Ansari ◽  
Maizatun Mustafa ◽  
Wan Mohd Zulhafiz Wan Zahari
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power Generation ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Energy Agency

This paper explores the potential of nuclear energy, particularly in the power sector, to solve energy challenges and to address the pertinent issues regarding energy sustainability in Malaysia. The deployment of nuclear energy in various developed and developing countries has conspicuously helped sustaining energy security and sustainability due to its compatibility and protection of the environment. In addition to energy security, nuclear energy also offers significant benefits to socio-economic aspects. Thus, nuclear energy in developing countries, including Malaysia, has the potential to emerge as a new prospect in the energy sector using sophisticated technology and expert personnel to maximize the energy benefits with the least environmental risk. This step would certainly meet future energy demands and help accelerate the country’s development with optimum energy generation in the country. Therefore, Malaysia should aim to resort to nuclear power generation whereby the current power sector is mainly generated by traditional means, with only a small fraction of it being renewable energy. With no experience in this field, Malaysia needs to establish collaboration with some country rich with nuclear-resource in order to build, maintain nuclear reactors and treat nuclear wastes. The development of such facility should also comply with the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Moreover, Malaysia has to introduce legislation and policies related to future nuclear energy. Thus, this paper discusses some of the pertinent issues related to the prospects of nuclear power generation in the country towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).   Keywords: Atomic energy, energy security, governance, sustainable development.   Cite as: Ghazali, F., Ansari, A. H., Mustafa, M., & Wan Zahari, W. M. Z. (2020). Legal perspectives on nuclear energy and sustainable development in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 169-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp169-188

Investigations for the substantiation of high-temperature nuclear power generation technology using fast sodiumcooled reactor for hydrogen production and other innovative applications (part 1)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Sergey Georgievich Kalyakin ◽  
Feodor Alekseevich Kozlov ◽  
Aleksandr Pavlovich Sorokin ◽  
Galina Pavlovna Bogoslovskaya ◽  
Anatolij Petrovich Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Power Generation ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Generation Technology

scholarly journals The impact of energy consumption on quality of life in the world: methodological aspects of evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Olena Makarova ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Kalashnikova ◽  
Iryna Novak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The high quality of life in the modern sense is directly related to energy consumption and associated with the provision of «clean» food products and environment, comfortable housing, public and private transport. Increasing the availability of energy for the developing countries allows their residents to live longer and more comfortably. At the same time, in the developed European countries with high quality of life, energy consumption is decreasing due to the implementation of energy efficiency and energy saving policies. The Human Development Index, the world’s best-known and most widely used integrated assessment of quality of life, does not include energy consumption indicators. The aim of our research is to study the relationship between energy consumption and quality of life, and prove the need to consider energy consumption indicators in order to improve the methodology framework for assessing quality of life. Using the method of cluster analysis, 77 countries of the world are grouped according to a set of indicators that characterize income, energy consumption, use of renewable energy sources, and CO2 emissions. As a result, the relationship between the level of human development, which is a universal characteristic of quality of life, and these indicators was identified and evaluated. It has been proved that the most prosperous countries in terms of quality of life and energy use are those in which relatively low indicators of primary energy consumption and CO2 emission are combined with high incomes and human development level. The progressive structure of energy consumption ensures the achievement of a higher quality of living, while high energy consumption is not a sufficient condition for this. Against the background of low levels of total primary energy consumption and GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, as well as a low share of renewable energy in total energy consumption, high quality of life is present mainly in the «new» EU member states, which provide it through rational energy consumption. The average level of human development is inherent in a group of countries of the former USSR (which includes Ukraine), as well as some countries in Latin America, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. At the same time, countries such as China and South Korea are reducing energy consumption owing to technological progress and have a positive dynamics of human development indicators. Instead, low levels of energy consumption in the former Soviet Union and Latin America are due to insufficient sustainability of economic and social development, human development in particular. The obtained results substantiate the need to improve the methodology for assessing the quality of life taking into consideration energy consumption indicators.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Economy as a Condition of Human Capital Reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
O.V. Pogharnitskaya ◽  
E.G. Matyugina ◽  
E.S. Terdi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Wide Variability

The article is devoted to assessment of quantitative and qualitative human capital reproduction in energy-efficient economy provided by research of correlation between dynamics of energy consumption and transformation of life quality. The purpose of the research is to assess the role of energy-efficient economy in shaping of the conditions for human capital reproduction as a way of investment into its qualitative development. To achieve this purpose transformation of traditional spheres of sustainable development together with the implementation of the energy-efficient economy approaches in terms of maintaining of quality of human capital are considered. We conduct a study comparing several dependencies: development of productive powers - increasing requirements for the quality of human capital; ensuring effective reproduction - improving the quality of life, improving the quality of life associated with the economic system; GDP – energy consumption; GDP - CO2 emissions. The object of the study is dynamics of indicators characterizing the above dependencies, a number of the countries – members of the OECD – having an expanded human capital reproduction. Examined countries demonstrate correlation between energy efficiency of economy and quality of human capital with rather a wide variability of chosen indicators. Results of the research may become a base for forecast of development of studied indicators and their factors.

CREATING WALKING LED TRANSIT STATIONS FOR WOMEN IN MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Yong Adilah Shamsul Harumain ◽  
Nur Farhana Azmi ◽  
Suhaini Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Female User

Transit stations are generally well known as nodes of spaces where percentage of people walking are relatively high. The issue is do more planning is actually given to create walkability. Creating walking led transit stations involves planning of walking distance, providing facilities like pathways, toilets, seating and lighting. On the other hand, creating walking led transit station for women uncover a new epitome. Walking becomes one of the most important forms of mobility for women in developing countries nowadays. Encouraging women to use public transportation is not just about another effort to promote the use of public transportation but also another great endeavour to reduce numbers of traffic on the road. This also means, creating an effort to control accidents rate, reducing carbon emission, improving health and eventually, developing the quality of life. Hence, in this paper, we sought first to find out the factors that motivate women to walk at transit stations in Malaysia. A questionnaire survey with 562 female user of Light Railway Transit (LRT) was conducted at LRT stations along Kelana Jaya Line. Both built and non-built environment characteristics, particularly distance, safety and facilities were found as factors that are consistently associated with women walkability. With these findings, the paper highlights the criteria  which are needed to create and make betterment of transit stations not just for women but also for walkability in general.

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