Cross-sectoral coordination and regulation of wage determination in northern Europe: Divergent responses to multiple external pressures

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Erik Dølvik ◽  
Paul Marginson
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Northern European ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Incomes Policy ◽  
Wage Regulation ◽  
Wage Floor

We examine changes in collective wage regulation in five northern European countries since 2000, with a focus on coordination across sectors, articulation between levels and determination of wage floors. Earlier change in the functioning of wage bargaining arrangements in Germany placed pressure on other northern countries. In Finland, employers recently instigated a shift from tripartite incomes policy to manufacturing-led pattern bargaining, with increased scope for decentralized negotiations. This made Finnish arrangements more similar to their Nordic counterparts, which have been marked by modest adaptations. Divergence continues in wage floor regulation. Increased statutory generalization of collectively agreed minimum wages has moved Germany and Norway closer to Finland, while Denmark and Sweden still rely solely on collective bargaining. The multi-faceted employer and state approaches to wage regulation are not consistent with recent claims of a neoliberal transformation across the northern coordinated economies.

Differences in wage-determination systems between regular and non-regular employment in a Kaleckian model

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-360
Author(s):  
Ryunosuke Sonoda ◽  
Hiroaki Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Comparative Static Analysis ◽  
Regular Employment ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Collective Wage Bargaining ◽  
Real Wage Rate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kaleckian Model

In this study, we build a Kaleckian model incorporating institutional differences between the wage determination of regular employment and that of non-regular employment. In our model, three types of wage-bargaining regimes are defined based on how regular workers’ collective wage bargaining affects the real wage rate of non-regular workers. We investigate the stability conditions of the dynamical system under each combination of demand regimes and wage-bargaining regimes. We also conduct comparative static analysis and show that the effects of changes in the parameters are diverse depending on combinations of demand regimes and wage-bargaining regimes.

Institutions for Wage Determination in the EU and Turkey

2020 ◽  
pp. 188-203
Author(s):  
Gürdal Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Union Density ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Wage Floor ◽  
The Eu

This study provides information on wage floor determining institutions, the statutory minimum wages, and collective bargaining agreements, in the EU countries to examine differences and commonalities of these institutions between the EU countries and Turkey. The interaction between these institutions and the labor market performance of the EU Member States and Turkey is also investigated. Therefore, the minimum wage levels and the collective bargaining coverage with the labor market indicators, namely the wage inequality measured with D1/D9 ratio and the incidence of low-wage workers, are compared. Findings indicate that the wage inequality and the incidence of low-wage workers are relatively lower in the countries with comprehensive collective bargaining systems characterized by high rates of collective bargaining coverage and union density. Turkey is one of the countries with the highest wage inequality compared to the EU countries. Improving the coverage rate of collective bargaining might help to reduce wage inequality.

scholarly journals Collective wage bargaining under strain in northern European construction: Resisting institutional drift?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Arnholtz ◽  
Guglielmo Meardi ◽  
Johannes Oldervoll
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Wage Regulation ◽  
Collective Wage Bargaining ◽  
The Uk

Internationalization, trade union decline, enforcement problems and rising self-employment all strain the effectiveness of collective wage bargaining arrangements in northern European construction. We examine Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and the UK, and show that these strains have pushed trade unions to seek assistance from the state to stabilize wage regulation, but with results that vary according to employer strategies and the power balances between the actors. While Denmark and the UK have barely introduced any state support, Norway has followed the Netherlands and Germany in introducing legal mechanisms for extension of collectively agreed minimum wage terms. The country studies suggest that state assistance alleviates some of the strain, but does not reverse the trends, and the comparison indicates that both institutional innovation and reorganization may be required if wage bargaining is not to drift into different functions.

Wage Determination and Information Sharing: An Alternative Approach to Incomes Policy?

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruo Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Labour Market Flexibility ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Incomes Policy ◽  
Oil Crises

The flexibility of the Japanese labour market attracts attention domestically as well as abroad. It is widely believed that labour market flexibility, particularly of wages, has been highly instrumental in rapidly restoring the equilibrium of the Japanese economy with stable prices and nearly full employment through the storms of the oil crises in the 1970s. The paper first identifies the meaning of alleged wage flexibility in the context of the Japanese labour market. Next it reviews what has happened in the system of wage determination under collective bargaining, known as shuntō or synchronised wage negotiations in spring, during the adjustment years following the oil crises. The prime focus is on the functional reforms of the shuntō system as a source of renderinig flexibility to aggregate patterns of wage changes. Finally the paper attempts to interpret such developments from the viewpoint of corporatism.

Implications of Ionospheric Scintillation for GNSS Users in Northern Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Aquino ◽  
Terry Moore ◽  
Alan Dodson ◽  
Sam Waugh ◽  
Jock Souter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Ionospheric Scintillation ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Amplitude Fluctuations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Delay Effect ◽  
Electron Density Irregularities ◽  
The Impact

Extensive ionospheric scintillation and Total Electron Content (TEC) data were collected by the Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy (IESSG) in Northern Europe during years of great impact of the solar maximum on GNSS users (2001–2003). The ionospheric TEC is responsible for range errors due to its time delay effect on transionospheric signals. Electron density irregularities in the ionosphere, occurring frequently during these years, are responsible for (phase and amplitude) fluctuations on GNSS signals, known as ionospheric scintillation. Since June 2001 four GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor receivers (the NovAtel/AJ Systems GSV4004) have been deployed at stations in the UK and Norway, forming a Northern European network, covering geographic latitudes from 53° to 70° N approximately. These receivers compute and record GPS phase and amplitude scintillation parameters, as well as TEC and TEC variations. The project involved setting up the network and developing automated archiving and data analysis strategies, aiming to study the impact of scintillation on DGPS and EGNOS users, and on different GPS receiver technologies. In order to characterise scintillation and TEC variations over Northern Europe, as well as investigate correlation with geomagnetic activity, long-term statistical analyses were also produced. This paper summarises our findings, providing an overview of the potential implications of ionospheric scintillation for the GNSS user in Northern Europe.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of the Empria hungarica species-group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) in Northern Europe

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikk Heidemaa ◽  
Matti Viitasaari
Keyword(s):  
Species Group ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
European Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Northern European ◽  
First Time

In the tenthredinid hymenopteran genus Empria, the European species with a paired whitish patch on tergum 1 are considered tentatively as a species-group termed the E. hungarica group. The type materials of Empria pumila (Konow), E. pumiloides Lindqvist and E. tricornis Lindqvist were examined. The lectotype and paralectotypes of E. pumila are designated, and new diagnostic characters for E. pumila and E. pumiloides are given. A key for the Northern European species of the E. hungarica group is compiled. The results of a comparison of the phenology and some metrical characters of the adults of E. pumila and E. pumiloides are presented in the form of diagrams. E. pumiloides is recorded for the first time from Russia and Germany. The records of E. hungarica from Estonia (Saaremaa) are reported as the northernmost for that species. All available distributional records of Empria hungarica in the Palaearctic are given in the text, and those localized reliably are also mapped.

Radical right framing of social policy in Hungary: between nationalism and populism

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole VT Lugosi
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Party Manifestos ◽  
Northern European

AbstractThe populist radical right (PRR) is increasingly associated with welfare chauvinism, but the literature mainly focuses on Western and Northern European cases. Turning attention to Central Eastern Europe, this article investigates how PRR parties in Hungary frame welfare issues in five social policy areas from 2010 to 2016. This is done through a critical frame analysis applied to party manifestos and State of the Nation speeches by the Fidesz and Jobbik parties. Special care is taken to delineate the interlocking but not interchangeable concepts of nationalism and populism, as recent research asserts this distinction is often overlooked. The main findings are threefold: First, these parties articulate their positions chiefly through nationalist rather than populist framing; Second, while Hungary's PRR exhibits welfare chauvinist framing similar to Western and Northern Europe, a main difference detected was the role of the communist legacy; Third, beyond the article's original goals, the findings revealed a strong connection between nationalist framing and the role of gender, suggesting that the two are not mutually exclusive.

Examining Phenotypic Traits Contributing to the Spread in Northern European Potato Crops of EU_41_A2, a New Clonal Lineage of Phytophthora infestans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Puidet ◽  
Romain Mabon ◽  
Michele Guibert ◽  
Riinu Kiiker ◽  
Liina Soonvald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Northern European ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Potato Crops

Until recently, genotypes of Phytophthora infestans were regionally distributed in Europe, with populations in western Europe being dominated by clonal lineages and those in northern Europe being genetically diverse due to frequent sexual reproduction. However, since 2013, a new clonal lineage (EU_41_A2) has successfully established itself and expanded in the sexually recombining P. infestans populations of northern Europe. The objective of this study was to study phenotypic traits of the new clonal lineage of P. infestans, which may explain its successful establishment and expansion within sexually recombining populations. Fungicide sensitivity, aggressiveness and virulence profiles of isolates of EU_41_A2 were analyzed and compared to those of the local sexual populations from Denmark, Norway, and Estonia. None of the phenotypic data obtained from the isolates collected from Denmark, Estonia and Norway independently explained the invasive success of EU_41_A2 within sexual Nordic populations. Therefore, we hypothesize that the expansion of this new genotype could result from a combination of fitness traits and more favorable environmental conditions that have emerged due to climate change.

Cooperation of northern European states in the area of culture and education

2020 ◽  
pp. 71 (88)-78 (93)
Author(s):  
A.B. Gecht ◽  
T.V. Molchanova ◽  
A.V. Nerovny ◽  
I.A. Tsverianashvili
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
English Version ◽  
Joint Actions ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Language And Education ◽  
Regional Programs ◽  
State Regional

This paper is aimed at studying the interaction of the states of Northern Europe in the field of culture and education — one of the fundamentally important areas of northern European integration. Cooperation in these areas is actively developing not only due to common cultural and historical values and roots of the northern countries, but also has clear pragmatic goals. So, it carries out an important utilitarian function — the development of a common labor market in the Northern Europe region, which is largely possible thanks to the joint actions of the integration member countries aimed at the evolution of a common space in the field of culture, language and education. The effectiveness of the existing forms and mechanisms of interaction in the above areas depends on the effectiveness of training highly skilled labor and facilitating the adaptation of migrants from one state to another, both of which are part of the region. The tools include: interstate, state, regional programs, projects and forums aimed at the development of cooperation and mobility, etc. English version of the article is available on pp. 88-93 at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/cooperation-of-the-nordic-countries-in-culture-and-education/66416.html

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document