Influence of Nutritional Factors on 239Np and 233Pa Retention in Weanling Rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
B. Kargacin ◽  
V. Volf
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Body Retention ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Very High

The estimated intestinal absorption after a single administration of 239NR-nitrate to fasted weanling rats (about 2% of the oral dose) was ten times higher than that of 233Pa administered as the chloride. Rats drinking tomato juice, apple juice or tea instead of water had a similar retention to the control group. However, when a small amount of tea was administered immediately before 239Np, the absorption and retention values were six times lower. When animals received only milk or glucose, the whole body retention of 239Np and 233Pa increased about 20 and 200-300 times, respectively, due mainly to a very high retention in the large intestine. When rats were fed milk plus rat chow, the whole body and gut retention of 233Pa was only two and three times higher, respectively; in the other organs less 233Pa was found than in control animals. This indicates that the extremely high retention of radionuclides in the gut contents of young rats fed only milk is temporary and disappears when solid food is available.

Radioimmunszintigraphie mit SPECT: Methodik, Probleme und klinische Erfahrungen

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fass ◽  
S. Truong ◽  
U. Büll ◽  
V. Schumpelick ◽  
R. Bares
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Clearance ◽  
Planar Scintigraphy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Carcinomas ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Body Retention ◽  
Klinische Erfahrungen

Radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) with 111ln- and 131 I-labelled monoclonal anti bodies (MAbs) against CEA and/or CA 19-9 was performed in 83 patients with various gastrointestinal carcinomas. A total of 276 body regions could be examined. The results of planar scintigraphy and SPECT were compared intraindividually. Using 111 In-labelled MAbs the sensitivity of RIS was significantly improved by SPECT (88.9 vs. 52.4% with planar scintigraphy, p <0.01). For131 l-labelled MAbs the effect was smaller (83.9 vs. 65.6% with planar scintigraphy, n.s.). This finding can be explained by different kinetics and biodistribution of the used MAb preparations.111 In-labelled MAbs with long whole-body retention and rapid blood clearance reveal ideal qualities for SPECT; on the other hand, the short whole-body retention of131 l-labelled MAbs leads to small count rates and therefore long counting times that make delayed SPECT unsuitable in clinical practice

scholarly journals Nutrient utilisation and intestinal fermentation are differentially affected by the consumption of resistant starch varieties and conventional fibres in pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 984-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd C. Rideout ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Peter Wood ◽  
Ming Z. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Retention ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

This study examined the influence of different resistant starch (RS) varieties and conventional fibres on the efficiency of nutrient utilisation and intestinal fermentation in pigs. Thirty-six pigs (30 kg) were fed poultry meal-based diets supplemented with 10 % granular resistant corn starch (GCS), granular resistant potato starch (GPS), retrograded resistant corn starch (RCS), guar gum (GG) or cellulose for 36 d according to a completely randomised block design. Distal ileal and total tract recoveries were similar (P>0·05) among the RS varieties. Distal ileal starch recovery was higher (P < 0·05) in pigs consuming the RS diets (27–42 %) as compared with the control group (0·64 %). Consumption of GCS reduced (P < 0·05) apparent total tract digestibility and whole-body retention of crude protein in comparison with the control group. Consumption of GPS reduced (P < 0·05) total tract Ca digestibility and whole-body retention of Ca and P compared with the control group. However, consumption of RCS increased (P < 0·05) total tract Ca digestibility compared with the control group. Caecal butyrate concentration was increased (P < 0·05) following consumption of RCS and GG in comparison with the control group. Consumption of all the RS varieties reduced (P < 0·05) caecal indole concentrations compared with the control. Caecal butyrate concentrations were positively correlated (P < 0·05;r0·63–0·83) with thermal properties among the RS varieties. We conclude that nutrient utilisation and intestinal fermentation are differentially affected by the consumption of different RS varieties and types of fibres. Thermal properties associated with different RS varieties may be useful markers for developing RS varieties with specific functionality.

scholarly journals Effects of nutrition in pregnancy on hematological parameters

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodana Suvacarev
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Very High ◽  
In Pregnancy

INTRODUCTION Pregnancy is one of the most important periods in a woman's life. A daily caloric increase of 150kcal throughout the first and 350kcal during the second and third trimesters is recommended. There are also increased requirements for some nutritive components. The aim of this study was to explore nutritive risk factors which affect hematological parameters and thus pregnancy and labor. It tested the hypothesis that there was a positive correlation between obese and underweight pregnant women and their nutrition, on one side, and hematological disorders of pregnant women on the other side. Material and methods The sample included 92 overweight, 65 underweight and 95 normally nourished pregnant women (control group). Blood analysis was compared with the results of the questionnaire on weekly consumption of different food groups. Results and discussion The incidence of anemia was very high in both nutritive risk groups, while the increased number of leukocytes was dominant in underweight pregnant women. Food questionnaire confirmed inadequate intake of nutritive components in risk groups. CONCLUSIONS All these facts may have important repercussions on pregnancy and labor, and anemia is often associated with prematurity, low birth-weight of infants, greater number of premature labors, as well as the increased perinatal mortality. This study has confirmed the hypothesis that well balanced nutrition is really very important for regular functioning of the whole body, especially in risk population such as pregnant women.

scholarly journals Cesium Turnover in Man following Single Administration of 132CS 1. Whole Body Retention and Excretion Pattern

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi IINUMA ◽  
Teruo NAGAI ◽  
Tomio ISHIHARA ◽  
Kazuo WATARI ◽  
Masami IZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Excretion Pattern ◽  
Body Retention

scholarly journals Ecophysiological Effects of Waterborne Zinc on Ctenopharyngodon idellus

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Wanjun Li ◽  
Yiguo Xia ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yulian Yan ◽  
Xiaojun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Specific Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Sulfate Heptahydrate ◽  
Significant Difference

The juvenile Ctenopharyngodon idellus (19.68±0.17 g) were exposed to the solutions of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4.7H2O), to observe the toxic effects of waterborne Zn on this fish. The results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC50) over 96 h of waterborne Zn2+ was 5.00 mg/L. After 8 weeks of chronic exposure, the final weight and the specific weight growth rate of C. idellus decreased with the increasing Zn2+ concentration, and the differences were significant among the three groups (P < 0.05). The content of ash in the high exposure group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The dry mass in the two exposure groups and the energy density in the low concentration group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The contents of Zn in the hepatopancreas, gill, intestine, muscle, and whole body in the high concentration group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The contents of Zn in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than those in other organs (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference for the contents of Zn in the intestine and gill in the two Zn exposure groups, but those were significantly higher than those in other organs except hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). The content of Zn in muscle was significantly lower than that in the other organs. It suggests that the pattern of energy allocation of the C. idellus is changed by the Zn exposure. Fat was preferentially used to provide extra energy for the detoxification under the Zn exposure, and the rates of the protein and energy deposited in the body were reduced. Therefore, the growth of the fish was depressed. The C. idellus mainly takes up Zn through the gill and distributes Zn to other tissues via blood circulation.

Studies of Calcium Absorption in Man Using a CD-2 Whole-Body Counter

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
K. Bakos ◽  
Věra Wernischová
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Calcium Load ◽  
Calcium Malabsorption ◽  
Whole Body Counting

SummaryWhole-body counting makes an important contribution of radioisotope techniques to ȁEin vivo“ absorption studies, in comparison with other methods. In a large number of subjects, the method was tested for its usefulness in the diagnosis of calcium malabsorption. The effects of drugs, of the calcium load in the gut and of the whole-body content of calcium on the absorption process were studied in a control group.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Mechanism for Effectiveness of Plasmapheresis

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Kelton ◽  
P. B. Neame ◽  
I. Walker ◽  
A. G. Turpie ◽  
J. McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Antiplatelet Antibody ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Normal Platelet ◽  
Very High

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but serious illness of unknown etiology. Treatment by plasmapheresis has been reported to be effective but the mechanism for benefit is unknown. We have investigated the effect of plasmapheresis in 2 patients with TTP by quantitating platelet associated IgG (PAIgG) levels prior to and following plasmapheresis. Both patients had very high levels of PAIgG at presentation (90 and A8 fg IgG/platelet respectively, normal 0-5). in both, the PAIgG levels progressively fell to within the normal range and the platelet count rose following plasmapheresis. One patient remained in remission with normal platelet counts and PAIgG levels. The other relapsed after plasmapheresis and the PAIgG level rose prior to the fall in platelet count. Plasmapheresis was repeated and resulted in normalization of both the platelet count and PAIgG level. It is suggested that plasmapheresis removes antiplatelet antibody or immune complexes which may be of etiological importance in this illness.

An occupational hazard of workers of wagon-repair production

2019 ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina V. Kurenkova ◽  
Natalia A. Sudeikina ◽  
Elizaveta P. Lemeshevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Wagon Wheel ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Very High

Introduction. Professional groups of railway workers engaged in the repair of wagons are directly responsible for the safety of railway traffic. The analysis of literature testifies to insufficient attention of researchers to the hygienic problems associated with labor activity of workers of wagon-repair production.The aim of the study is to assess the occupational risk to the health of wagon repair workers, due to the impact on them of factors of the working environment and the labor process.Materials and methods. The study used comprehensive hygienic studies using the methodology of occupational risk to worker’s health.Results. The leading factors of the working environment (class of working conditions 3.2–3.4), which are exposed to workers depending on the specifics of the work performed. Identified professional groups with medium (significant) high (unbearable) and very high (intolerable) category of a priori occupational risk: in wagon meintenance workshop — 17 groups (94% of jobs), in a wagon assembly workshop — 11 groups (80% jobs), in wagon wheel workshop — 3 group (100% jobs). At the same time, according to the request for medical care, employees were diagnosed with isolated cases of occupational diseases.The levels of morbidity with temporary disability of employees of the main workshops are statistically significant (p<0.05) higher than those of the control group in 1.4–1.9 times. The influence of the complex of chemical factors of low and medium intensity on the levels of morbidity of respiratory diseases in the group of workers of the wagon wheel workshop, which were 1.7–2.0 times higher than in the control group, is confirmed by the average degree of causation of the production condition of this pathology (RR=1.7; EF=42.0%).The combined effect of vibration and severity of the labor process forms a high level of temporary disability of employees of the main workshops in connection with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which was 2.7–4.4 times higher than in the control group, and also determines the prevalence of this pathology in the structure of diseases detected on medical examinations (23.2%). Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are caused by the production of employees of the wagon meintenance workshop (RR=3,9; EF=74,9%), as the most unfavorable in terms of hygiene on these factors.The stressful influence of the complex of harmful production factors on the health of wagon repair workers is manifested by the high risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, neurological disorders, violation of adaptation of the cardiovascular system in 97% of the examined, as well as the predominance of diseases of the digestive system and circulatory system detected on periodic medical examinations.Conclusions. Harmful working conditions (class 3.1–3.4) cause the suspected occupational risk from small (moderate) to very high (intolerable) to 100% of the jobs of wagon repair workers. The results of the study of morbidity and risk of pathology indicate a significant risk of damage to the health of workers.

Detection and Assessment of Interleukin 6 in Irreversible Pulp Inflamation

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Cristian Levente Giuroiu ◽  
Maria Vataman ◽  
Gabriel Melian ◽  
Dragos Bularda ◽  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Technique ◽  
Systemic Distribution ◽  
Cell Zone

The study aimed to assess the number, localization and distribution of interleukin 6 (IL-6) positive cells in healthy pulp, acute and chronic pulpitis. The study group included 48 patients aged between 18-72, treated in University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Romania. The pulpectomy was performed on 42 patients diagnosed with acute and chronic pulpitis. The other 6 patients, without signs of dental caries or periodontal disease, were submitted to extractions of teeth for orthodontic purposes, with pulpectomy performed before extraction. The pulp samples were examined with optic microscope. The detection and assessment of IL-6 were performed using immunohistochemical technique. Data were statistically analysed using non-parametric tests. According to morphopathological criteria, 42.85% were classified as acute pulpitis and 57.14% as chronic pulpitis. The pulp samples in control group were not associated with IL-6 positive cells. The analysis of all samples with acute and chronic pulpitis identified 73.80% samples with IL-6 and 26.20% associated with the absence of IL-6. The highest frequency of IL-6 positive cells was recorded in rich-cell zone of crown dental pulp. The systemic distribution of IL-6 positive cells was mostly diffused without well-defined orientation. IL-6 release in acute and chronic pulpitis is significantly higher comparing with healthy pulp tissue.

Antimicrobial Effect of 940 nm Diode Laser based on Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Alexandru Odor ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
Deborah Violant ◽  
Victoria Badea
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Before And After

Moderate and severe periodontitis represents a challenge in the non-surgical periodontal therapy. Due to the lack of evidence regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in periodontal treatment, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis performed with 940 nm diode laser in the treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis. Twenty-five patients with 100 teeth were selected for this pilot study. The test teeth were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Group 1: scaling and root planning (SRP) (control group); and the following experimental groups: Group 2: H2O2; Group 3: 940 nm diode laser therapy; Group 4: 940 nm diode laser therapy and H2O2. Clinical examinations, like probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed before and after the treatment. The microbiological evaluation, effectuated before and after the treatment, included nine periodontal bacteria species and investigated by means of real-time PCR assay. The clinical and bacterial differences in the tested groups, was assessed between control group and the other three experimental groups, as well as between the experimental groups. The total bacteria load was reduced for all four studied groups. Group 4 (diode laser + H2O2) showed significant bacterial reduction of the major periodontal bacteria like Pg., Tf., Td., Pi., Pm., Fn (p[0.001) than the other 3 groups (p]0.001). Also the periodontal clinical parameters, like PD, CAL and BOP showed a significant reduction after the photolysis of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser (p[0.001). Differences between tested groups showed a significant beneficial results in regard to Group 4.It is suggested that the photoactivation of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser can be used successfully in adjunctive to the non-surgical periodontal treatment as a bactericidal tool.

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