HFA-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane): effects of inhalation exposure upon reproductive performance, development and maturation of rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 508-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Alexander ◽  
SE Libretto ◽  
MJ Adams ◽  
EW Hughes ◽  
M. Bannerman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
Successive Generations

1 HFA-134a was administered to AHA rats by snout-only inhalation for 1 h daily to assess the effects of treatment on reproduction and development. 2 In a fertility study, rats were exposed to atmospheres of 2500, 10000 or 50000 p.p.m. HFA-134a throughout gametogenesis, mating, pregnancy and lactation. 3 In a peri- and post-natal study, rats were exposed to HFA-134a from days 17 to 20 of pregnancy and days 1 to 21 post partum to atmospheres of 1800, 9900 or 64 400 p.p.m. 4 The only treatment-related effect was a slight reduc tion in body weight gain of males of the treated parental generation at 50 000 p.p.m. (fertility study). 5 In neither study were there any adverse effects of HFA- 134a on the reproductive performance of treated animals or on the development, maturation or reproductive performance of up to two successive generations.

scholarly journals Effect of body development from first insemination to first weaning on performance and culling until the third farrowing of Landrace x Large White swine females

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Lesskiu ◽  
M.L. Bernardi ◽  
I. Wentz ◽  
F.P. Bortolozzo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Body Development

The aim of this study was to verify the association of sow body weight development until the 1st weaning with reproductive performance, piglet production and culling rate until the 3rd farrowing in 196 primiparous sows using logistic regression models. Each 10kg increase in weight gain in the 1stpregnancy (OR= 0.63), weight at 1st farrowing (OR= 0.70), weight at the 1st weaning (OR= 0.73) or weight gain from the 1startificial insemination (AI) to the 1st weaning (OR= 0.67) decreased the percentage of primiparous sows with long weaning-to-oestrus interval - WOI (>5 days). An increasing lactation length and an increase in the number of weaned piglets were responsible for respectively decreasing (OR= 0.77-0.80, per day of lactation) and increasing (OR= 1.52-1.59, per piglet weaned) the percentage of sows with long WOI. Sows with <159.5kg at weaning had higher odds of non-farrowing (NFR) compared to sows with >170kg (OR= 4.73). Sows with <17.5kg of gain from the 1st AI to the 1st weaning had higher odds (OR= 4.88) of NFR than sows gaining >30kg. Each additional lactation day decreased the NFR (OR= 0.74). Females weighing <139kg at the 1st AI had higher percentages of small numbers of total born in the second parity (STB2, OR= 2.00) and over three parities (OR= 3.28) compared to those weighing ≥139kg. Sows with weight gain <25kg at the 1st pregnancy had higher odds of STB2 (OR= 3.01) compared to sows gaining >35kg. Each 10kg of increase in weight at the 1st weaning or in weight gain from the 1stAI to the 1stweaning decreased the total culling rate (OR= 0.71 and 0.73, respectively) and culling for reproductive reasons (OR= 0.57 and 0.61, respectively). The culling rate until the 3rdfarrowing was also increased in sows with a smaller first litter size. The results show that not only reaching a minimum weight at the 1st AI but also having an adequate body weight gain until the 1st weaning is important for the reproductive performance, productivity and retention of Landrace x Large White Danbred sows in the herd.

Reproductive performance, growth and carcass characteristics of gilts mated at puberty, restricted in food intake during gestation and slaughtered post-partum

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Elliot ◽  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
A. Fortin ◽  
Elizabeth Larmond
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Acceptable Range

ABSTRACTSeventy-four Yorkshire gilts, mated at puberty, were used in three experiments to study the effect of severe food restriction, 0·45 kg/day for either the last 15 or 30 days of gestation, on reproductive performance, body-weight change, and carcass quality and meat acceptability. The objective of the experiments was to assess the feasibility of limiting weight gain during gestation to produce an acceptable carcass post-partum, within the market weight range of 55 to 90 kg. Age and weight at puberty averaged 170·3 days and 99·1 kg respectively. Litter size averaged 9·3 liveborn piglets at an average weight of 1·13 kg. The necessary reduction in weight gain during gestation to bring final carcass weight within the acceptable range was associated with a significant reduction in mean individual birth weight to below 1·0 kg. Sensory evaluation of loin and ham joints from mated and unmated gilts of market weight revealed no differences in juiciness or flavour but both loin and ham joints from maiden gilts were significantly more tender than those from gilts that had farrowed and from unmated controls of the same age as those that had farrowed

scholarly journals High 5MTHF, but Not Folic Acid During Pregnancy, Alters Hypothalamic Regulatory Pathways and Associates with Post-Partum Weight-Gain in Wistar Rat Mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1230-1230
Author(s):  
Emanuela Pannia ◽  
Rola Hammoud ◽  
Ruslan Kubant ◽  
Rebecca Simonian ◽  
Zdenka Pausova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

Abstract Objectives 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF), the bioactive folate form, has been proposed an alternative supplement to folic acid (FA) due to direct cellular uptake and utilization. In North America, 5MTHF is incorporated into prenatal supplements at the equivalent high dose (1000 µg) as FA and discussion has been raised of its formation into baby formula. Our lab was the first to compare the dose (1X vs high, 5X) and form (FA vs 5MTHF) effects of folate during pregnancy on later-life metabolic health of the Wistar rat mother. Contrary to our hypothesis, 5MTHF diets, independent of dose, led to mothers with 40% greater body weight-gain and higher food intake post-birth compared to FA. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes and related hypothalamic pathways of mothers fed FA vs 5MTHF diets during pregnancy. Methods Pregnant Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93 G diet with recommended (1X, control, 2 mg/kg diet) or high (5X) FA or equimolar levels of 5MTHF. At birth, a subset of dams were terminated and RNA-seq analysis was performed in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), a key regulator of body weight and food intake, in dams fed the high FA and MTHF diets. Results Over 350 differentially expressed genes were identified in the ARC of dams fed high 5MTHF vs FA diets. Combining differential gene expression patterns with reported GO function terms and Kegg pathway analyses, four candidate genes (prolactin hormone receptor, corticotropin releasing hormone receptor, KISS1 peptide and dopamine receptor) were validated by qPCR thus far as plausible contributors to higher body weight-gain and food intake in 5MTHF dams. These genes correspond to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway (path: hsa04080), associated with metabolic diseases including leptin deficiency and genetic obesity. Other significantly enriched pathways included the retrograde endocannabinoid signalling and morphine addiction pathway. Conclusions High 5MTHF supplementation during pregnancy alters expression of central feeding regulatory pathways in the hypothalamus of the mother, potentially programming post-partum body-weight gain. 5MTHF, at the equivalent dose of FA, may not be the preferred folate form during pregnancy. Funding Sources CIHR-INMD; EP supported by NSERC-CGS D.

scholarly journals A comparative study on reproductive performance and productivity of the Black Bengal and Crossbred goat at Atrai, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan ◽  
SM Niaz Mahmud ◽  
SKM Azizul Islam ◽  
Omar Faruk Miazi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The present investigation was carried out to detect the status of different productive and reproductive parameters of Black Bengal and Crossbred goats at Bandaikhara village under Atrai Upazilla of Naogaon district during the period of September to December/2005. The average age at first sign of heat of Black Bengal goats was better than that of Crossbred goats. In Black Bengal goat the average age at first kidding was 360.5±10 days, whereas, in crossbred goats it was 411.5±15.5 day. Significantly (P<0.01) lower the post partum heat period in Black Bengal goat than the crossbred goat. The average kidding interval in Black Bengal and Crossbred goats were 179±20 and 270±22 days respectively and differences are statistically significant (P<0.01). The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats vary from single to quadruplet. On the other hand, litter size of crossbred goat was single or twin. The average birth weight of Black Bengal goat was lower than Crossbred goats, which are statistically significant (P<0.05). The average body weight gain after 365 days is better in Crossbred than Black Bengal goats and statistically significant (P<0.01). The average milk yield in Crossbred goat was 1.05 liter/day, whereas, in Black Bengal goat, it produces milk that only nourished its kids. It was concluded that the reproductive performance like early maturity, larger litter size, shorter postpartum period, minimum kidding interval are better in Black Bengal goat. On the other hand productive performance like higher birth weight, maximum body weight gain, high milk yield, longer lactation length are suitable in crossbred goat. Key words: Black Bengal goat, Crossbred goat, Production, Reproduction, Performance Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 26, 2007. pp. 55-57

The effect of nutrition before mating on the reproductive performance of Merino ewes

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
P McInnes ◽  
MD Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Critical Weight ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
High Level

A factorially designed trial was used to study the effects of level of nutrition on the reproductive performance of Merino ewes. A high level of nutrition from three weeks before joining to conception (flushing) increased the percentage of twin births independently of the effects of previous levels of nutrition. Levels of nutrition did not affect the number of ewes that lambed. Flushing increased body weight and body condition score. Re-analysis of the results showed that there was an association between both body weight gain and body condition score and percentage of twin births. However, body weight gain and body condition score increase during flushing were associated with levels of nutrition before flushing. Although flushing increased body weight of groups at conception, on re-analysis of the results, the percentage of twin births could not be associated with weight at conception. Possible reasons for this result are suggested. As there was no indication of a significant relation between weight at conception and percentage of ewes that lambed, it is suggested that the critical weight for mating these ewes was below 38.7 kg.

scholarly journals Performance of low birth-weight piglets upon protein-energy and/or colostrum supplementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Viott ◽  
T.A. Menezes ◽  
A.P.G. Mellagi ◽  
M.L. Bernardi ◽  
I. Wentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Protein Energy

ABSTRACT The study aimed to investigate the effect of oral protein-energy supplement (OPES) and/or extra colostrum within the first few hours of life on the survival and growth performance of low birth-weight piglets during the suckling period. Based upon nutritional strategy, low-birth-weight piglets (804−1309g) were randomly allocated into four groups: C0S0 (control group, n= 300) - no supplementation; C1S0 (n= 299) - supplementation with 50mL of a colostrum pool through an orogastric tube; C0S1 (n= 298) - oral supplementation with 8mL oral OPES; C1S1 (n= 297) - supplementation with both 50mL of colostrum and 8mL of OPES. The piglets’ body weight was monitored at birth, 24h after birth, on day 7, day 14 and day 20 post-partum. Both colostrum and protein-energy supplementations did not affect (P>0.05) colostrum intake (253.6g; 259.4g; 259.4g; 263.8g for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively), weight gain during the first 24h (62.6g; 68.3g; 67.1g and 69.8g for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively) and pre-weaning mortality (11.3%, 11.4%, 12.4% and 9.4% for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively). Administration of OPES increased (P= 0.032) the average daily weight gain from birth till weaning (189.1 vs. 182.3g) and tended to increase the weight of the piglets (P= 0.060) at weaning (4893.1 vs. 4746.4g for OPES and no OPES, respectively). In conclusion, nutritional manipulation does not affect colostrum intake and pre-weaning mortality of low birth-weight piglets. However, body weight gain during the suckling period and the weight at weaning were observed to be marginally improved by administration of OPES.

scholarly journals Feeding strategy during pregnancy for ewes with a large litter size. 1. Effect of quantity and composition of concentrates on intake and reproductive performance.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3B) ◽  
pp. 527-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Everts
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Large Litter

In 6 trials, 40 Ile de France X Finnish Landrace ewes 2 to 8 years old were given during pregnancy diets containing 40% energy from concentrates and crude protein (CP) 196 or 91 g/kg or 60% energy from concentrates and CP 189 or 240 g/kg. Mean litter size was 3.26. The sum of the birth weights of lambs was affected by the treatment where a higher protein concentration was combined with a lower degradability of the protein. Net body weight gain was affected by litter size, ketosis and treatment. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake was lower than expected. Treatments with 60% of energy from concentrates showed a higher ME intake than treatments with 40% of energy originating from concentrates. CP intake was higher where a higher protein level was combined with a lower degradability. DM intake in the last 2 months of pregnancy was affected by litter size, age of the ewes, ketosis and feeding treatment. DM intake decreased in the last weeks of pregnancy and was related to litter size, The possible reasons for this effect are discussed. Substitution rates of concentrates to forage depended also on the litter size. The effect of the ketosis on the intake pattern is described. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN RAMI (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DAUN RAMI UNTUK PENGGEMUKKAN DOMBA WONOSOBO

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Muryanto Muryanto ◽  
Pita Sudrajad ◽  
Amrih Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
The Given

The aim of the study was to determine the development of ramie plants (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) and the effect of using ramie leaves on feed on the body weight gain of Wonosobo Sheep (Dombos). Research on the development of ramie plants using survey methods in the area of ramie plant development in Wonosobo Regency. While the research on the use of ramie leaves for fattening was carried out in Butuh Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency in 2018. 21 male Dombos were divided into 3 feed treatments with forage proportions of 70%, 50% and 30 ramie leaves respectively. %. The results showed that currently ramie plants were being developed in Wonosobo Regency by CV. Ramindo Berkah Persada Sejahtera in Gandok Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency, Central Java. Until now the area of the crop has reached 13 ha. Of this area will produce ramie leaves 195,000 kg / year. If one sheep needs 4 kg of ramie / tail / day leaves, then the potential capacity of sheep is 135 heads / year, if the given one is 50% then the Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Volume 16 202 Nomor 2 – Desember 2018potential capacity is 270 heads / year and if it is reduced again to 25% of ramie leaves then the potential capacity 440 heads / year. The use of ramie leaves as a feed for Wonosobo Sheep fattening can be given as much as 30% in fresh form.

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