Abnormal antioxidant system in erythrocytes of mercury-exposed workers

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Luci de Souza Queiroz ◽  
Socrates Calvoso Pena ◽  
Tereza Sueko Ide Salles ◽  
Eduardo Melo de Capitani ◽  
Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Urinary Mercury ◽  
Exposed Workers

To investigate the effects of chronic exposure to mercury we studied the red cell antioxidant system in mercury-exposed workers through the evaluation of reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase systems. Oftheseworkers, somewerebeingexposedatthetimeand had presented urinary mercury levels considered safe for occupational exposure for at least 3 months prior to the initiation of this study, and others had been on leave for at least 6 months because of intoxication symptoms. Reduced glutathione levels were lower and catalase activity was higher in the workers which were still being exposed, compared to those on leave and controls. No differences were observed between the workers on leave and controls.

scholarly journals State of antioxidant system of rat blood plasma at the action of quartzetin and histamine in in vitro experiments

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
N. Harasym ◽  
◽  
H. Baran ◽  
N. Bodnarchuk ◽  
V. Otchych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Action ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Combined Action

The effect of histamine and quercetin, as well as their combined effect on the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and the content of reduced glutathione in the blood plasma of rats was studied. It was found that the addition to the blood of quercetin at a concentration of 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 1.0; 5.0 mM causes an increase in superoxide dismutase activity. It was found that histamine at concentrations of .01 and 0.1 μm leads to a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity by 31 and 17 %, respectively. Whereas the biogenic amine in the lowest and highest concentrations does not change the activity of superoxide dismutase in plasma. At simultaneous introduction into blood of histamine in the maximum concentration (10.0 μm) and quercetin in concentration of 0,1; 0.5; 3.0 mM normalizes the activity of superoxide dismutase. And only the combined action of histamine of this concentration and quercetin at a concentration of 5.0 mM reduces the activity of the enzyme by 21 %. Histamine at a concentration of 0.01 μm and the simultaneous action of quercetin at a concentration of 0.1; 0.5; 3.0; 5.0 mM increases the activity of superoxide dismutase, which indicates the generation of reactive oxygen species, in particular the superoxide anion radical. It was found that the addition of whole concentrations of quercetin to whole blood causes a decrease in plasma catalase activity. The combined action of quercetin and histamine causes a decrease in catalase activity. It was found that the addition to the blood of quercetin at a concentration of 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 1.0 mM causes a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione. Quercetin at a concentration of 3.0 and 5.0 mM causes an increase in reduced glutathione by 27 and 14 %, respectively, compared to the reference plasma. Histamine at concentrations of 10.0, 1.0 and 0.01 μm leads to an increase in the amount of reduced glutathione by 24, 26 and 19 %, respectively. And at a concentration of 0.1 μm, the biogenic amine reduces the GSH content by 39 %. With simultaneous introduction into the blood of histamine at a concentration of 10.0 μm and quercetin at a concentration of 0.1; 0.5; 3.0 mM there is an increase in the content of reduced glutathione. And only at a concentration of 5.0 mM quercetin on the background of the action of histamine (10.0 μm), the content of reduced glutathione is slightly reduced. However, with the combined action of histamine at a minimum concentration (0.01 μM) and quercetin at a concentration of 0.1; 0.5; 3.0 and 5.0 mM there is a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione. After performing a dispersion analysis, it was found that the state of the antioxidant system, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, is significantly affected by histamine. The smallest, but significant share of the effect is on the action of quercetin in the blood plasma of rats. The indirect and significant effect of the simultaneous action of histamine and quercetin on the antioxidant system of rat plasma was revealed.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Antioxidant System and Endogenous Intoxication in Patients Being Treated for Microbial Eczema

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
М. M. Tlish ◽  
Е. К. Popandopulo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. The paper studies the dynamics of the indicators defi ning the antioxidant system (AOS) and endogenous intoxication in patients with microbial eczema (ME) prior to and following treatment.Materials and methods. The experimental group consisted of patients with ME (n=30) and the control group comprising somatically healthy individuals (n=30). In this study, we determined the components of the antioxidant defence system in blood plasma and erythrocyte suspension, as well as assessed endogenous intoxication.Results. The study revealed an imbalance of indicators refl ecting the severity of oxidative stress and endogenous intoxication in patients suffering from ME. Prior to receiving treatment, the experimental group, as compared to the control group, exhibited an increase in catalase activity (CAT) up to 35.93 [32.50; 38.22] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) up to 1194.27 [1069.50; 1375.78] μmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 13.28 [11.35; 14.10] u/l (p < 0.001), glutathione reductase (GR) to 501.46 [479.77; 542.52] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and the concentration of reduced glutathione to 1.64 [1.59; 1.78] μmol / ml (p = 0.043). We observed no statistically signifi cant changes in the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma (0.59 [0.55;0.62] mg/l; р = 0.375) and the sulphhydryl groups (0.44 [0.41;0.47] ODU; р =0.111). The patients with ME exhibited the syndrome of endogenous intoxication (SEI), accompanied by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules in plasma to 12.19 [11.20; 13.37] arb. u. (p < 0.001), with their content in erythrocytes being relatively normal – 15.23 [14.26; 16.44] arb. u. (p = 0.005). Following the treatment, changes in the studied parameters were of a multidirectional character in relation to the control values. An increased level of CAT and GPx (р <0,001), as well as lower values of SOD and GR, continued to be observed (р < 0.001). The TAA in serum (p = 0.308), sulphhydryl groups (p = 0.111) and reduced glutathione (p = 0.107) did not differ signifi cantly from the control values. The treatment did not reverse the SEI: the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules continued to increase in both plasma and erythrocytes, as compared to the control values (p < 0.001 in both cases).Conclusion. The obtained data confi rm the failure of mechanisms underlying antioxidant defence in patients with ME. Despite the attempt of its compensation by increasing the catalase activity, SOD control values were still not reached. An increase in the GPx activity along with a decrease in GR was observed, which could have lead, in turn, to a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione. The failure of the antioxidant defence mechanisms is also indicated by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules, as well as by the development of the SEI, resulting from the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species and the inability of the antioxidant system to neutralise them.

scholarly journals Effect of catalase inactivation on levels of inorganic peroxides, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, oxygen consumption and life span in adult houseflies (Musca domestica)

1983 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G Allen ◽  
K J Farmer ◽  
R S Sohal
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption

The effects of total inhibition of catalase, induced by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, on the adult housefly (Musca domestica) were examined. The lack of catalase activity had no effect on the longevity of the houseflies. Inorganic-peroxide concentration was elevated at younger ages, but declined in older flies. The rate of oxygen consumption by the flies was greatly decreased and the levels of oxidized as well as reduced glutathione were augmented. Superoxide dismutase activity showed a slight increase. This study suggests that loss of catalase activity does not affect survival of houseflies due to adaptive responses.

scholarly journals Correction by "Quertin" of the oxidative-antioxidant system of rats at xenobiotics exposure

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Flavonoid Quercetin

The objective of this study is to determine the possibility of correcting pathological disorders of the oxidative-antioxidant system in the rat organism under the influence of xenobiotics using the flavonoid quercetin, which has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and immunomodulating effect. Baseline studies have established that when exposed to xenobiotics at a dose of 1/10 and 1/100 DL50, the content of lipid peroxidation products in the serum of rats increases, including 8-isoprostane, TBA-active products (TBA-AP) and diene conjugates (DK). As a result, the state of the antioxidant system also undergoes changes, evidenced by a decrease in catalase activity under the action of xenobiotics in doses of 1/10 and 1/100 DL50, as well as fluctuations in superoxide dismutase content, namely: a decrease under the influence of xenobiotics in a dose of 1/10 DL50 and increase with the action of substances in a dose of 1/100 DL50. After correction with the flavonoid quercetin, a decrease in the content of both primary and secondary POL products in the rat organism, as well as indicators of the state of the oxidative-antioxidant system was established. At the same time, an important for clinical practice relationship was established between the degree of correction of pathological changes in the state of the oxidative-antioxidant system and the dose of toxic effects of xenobiotics. After intragastric administration of “Quertin” in a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight to rats exposed to polyethylene glycol 400 at a dose of 1/10 DL50, a decrease in serum levels of 8-isoprostan was determined by 14.5%, TBA-AP – by 17.3%, DK – by 15.5%. After exposure to polyethylene glycol 400 at a dose of 1/100 DL50, the content of 8-isoprostane decreased by 12.4%, TBА-AP by 16.8%, and DK by 11.8%. After exposure to polypropylene glycol in doses of 1/10 and 1/100 DL50, the content of 8-isoprostane decreased by 17.7% and 12.5%, TBA-AP – 11.7% and 9.8%, DK – 16.3% and 12.7% respectively. After exposure to ethylene glycol in doses of 1/10 and 1/100 DL50, the content of 8-isoprostane decreased by 22.1% and 14.9%, TBA-AP – 17.3% and 15.2%, DK – 17.6% and 12.2% respectively. Catalase activity increased after the correction by “Quertin” at exposure to polyethylene glycol 400 at doses 1/10 and 1/100 DL50, respectively, by 25.8% and 20.6%; polypropylene glycol – by 26.5% and 23.4%; ethylene glycol – by 19.4% and 15.6%. Superoxide dismutase activity in the blood of rats after the correction of “Quertin” increased at xenobiotic toxification at a dose of 1/10 DL50 (polyethylene glycol 400 – by 29.3%, polypropylene glycol – by 33.5%; ethylene glycol – by 23.2%) and decreased at toxification with xenobiotics at a dose of 1/100 DL50 (polyethylene glycol 400 – by 21.6%, polypropylene glycol – by 26.7%; ethylene glycol – by 18.6%).

scholarly journals Antioxidant protection enzyme activity in the blood serum and large intestinal mucosa of rats with prolonged gastric hypochlorhydria and given multiprobiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
S. V. Pylypenko ◽  
A. A. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Colon Mucosa

The activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in the blood serum and colon mucosa in rats was studied under the conditions of 28-days administration of omeprazole on its own and omeprazole together with multiprobiotics "Symbiter" and "Apibact". Physiological and biochemical study methods were applied. It was found that after omeprazole administration, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood serum decreased, and the activity of catalase increased compared to the control. With the co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased compared to the group of rats that received omeprazole only during the same time, but remained less compared to the control group. The content of reduced glutathione in the blood serum of rats after administration of omeprazole decreased, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase increased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the serum RG content was at the control level, the activity of glutathione reductase exceeded the control values. The activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the group receiving omeprazole only. The activity of glutathione reductase increased and did not differ from the control values. In the colon mucosa, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity decreased compared to control. With the combined administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity increased and even exceeded the control values. With the administration of omeprazole, the reduced glutathione content in the colon mucosa was lower than that in the control. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased and glutathione transferase and activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics to rats, the reduced glutathione content increased compared to the group of rats administered omeprazole only, and even exceeded that in the control.

scholarly journals Influence of occupational exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation on the plasma activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione level

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Djurovic ◽  
Vesna Spasic-Jokic ◽  
Branislav Djurovic
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Background/Aim. During exposure to low-level doses (LLD) of ionizing radiation (IR), the most of harmful effects are produced indirectly, through radiolysis of water and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD): manganese SOD (MnSOD) and copper-zinc SOD (CuZnSOD), as well as glutathione (GSH), are the most important intracellular antioxidants in the metabolism of ROS. Overproduction of ROS challenges antioxidant enzymes. The aim of this study was to examine if previous exposure to low doses of IR induces adaptive response by means of stimulation of intracellular antioxidant defense system. Methods. We investigated a group of medical workers occupationally exposed to IR (n = 44), 29 male and 15 female. The controls (n = 33) consisted of medical workers not exposed to IR, 23 male and 10 female. The examinees from both groups worked in the same environment and matched in crucial characteristics. All measurements were performed by a calibrated thermoluminiscent dosimeter type CaF2:Mn. SOD activity and GSH content were measured spectrophotometrically in the plasma of both groups of medical workers. Half of each blood sample was irradiated by 2Gy of ? radiation, dose-rate 0.45 Gy/min, and the distance from the source of 74 cm. Results. The dosimetry results indicate that occupational doses were very low. Our results confirmed significantly higher SOD activity in the exposed vs. unexposed workers (p < 0.00006). SOD activity after irradiation of blood samples failed to show a significant difference between the exposed workers and the controls (p = 0.905), even the difference in each group before and after the irradiation was significant. In blood samples of the exposed workers expression of enzymes after the irradiation, was not as high as in the controls, or even in the case of the exposed in nuclear medicine personnel, SOD activity was decreased. There were no significant differences in the content of GSH between the groups. Conclusion. Our results pointed out that occupational exposure to low doses of IR compromised mitochondrial function. During occupational exposure, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was increased as a protection against the increased production of ROS. After high-dose irradiation dysfunction of mitochondrial system was noticed, suggesting the break-down of antioxidant defense and failure of an adaptive response. Therefore, the "chronic oxidative stress" might reduce antioxidant defense in the case of accidental exposure to high doses of IR. It could indirectly increase the incidence of some other "free radicals' diseases" in occupationally exposed personnel. .

scholarly journals Features of antioxidant system in patients with obstructive jaundice of benign and malignant origin in dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-923
Author(s):  
N G Elmanova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
High Level

Aim. Study of the features of changes of antioxidant protection in patients with mechanical jaundice of benign and malignant origin in dynamics. Methods. The author studied the role of antioxidant system in the progression of mechanical jaundice of various origins in 104 patients. Groups of patients with a syndrome of mechanical jaundice of benign (62 patients) and malignant origin (42 patients) were isolated. The material of the study was blood from the ulnar vein, which was taken in the morning on an empty stomach before surgery. In the dynamics (on the 7th day after the operation), 53 patients were examined. To assess the state of antioxidant protection, a spectrophotometric method of investigation was used. Results. A high level of malonic dialdehyde, the product of lipid peroxidation, was determined in all patients regardless of origin. There was also a depression of the enzymatic link of antioxidant protection (a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase). After surgical intervention in patients with mechanical jaundice of benign origin, correction of the level of reduced glutathione was observed. In patients with mechanical jaundice of malignant origin in dynamics, the activity of antioxidant enzymes did not differ significantly from the norm (p1-3 = 0,23; p1-3 = 311). Conclusion. After surgical intervention, partial improvement of the condition of patients with mechanical jaundice of benign origin was observed, and dysfunction of antioxidant protection persisted in patients with mechanical jaundice of malignant origin.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium loading on the state of the antioxidant system in the organism of bulls

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
S. D. Mursjka ◽  
D. F. Hufrij ◽  
I. I. Hariv ◽  
N. D. Levkivska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Young Cattle

This article presents the results of research on the influence of cadmium loading on the state level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant links of the antioxidant defense system of the organisms of young cattle, such as the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels, selenium, vitamins A and E. It was found that feeding bull calves with cadmium chloride at doses of 0.03 and 0.05 mg/kg of body weight helped to reduce both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic link of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase 31%, catalase 13%, glutathione peroxidase 23%, reduced glutathione 10%, vitamin A 28%, vitamin E 31%, selenium 20%). Toxic effects of cadmium promotes change in steady-state concentrations of radical metabolites О2–,ОН˙, НО2˙, which, in turn, trigger the process of lipid peroxidation. The lowest level of indicators of antioxidant defense system in the blood of young cattle was registered on the sixteenth and twenty-fourth days of the experiment, which is associated with increased activation of lipid peroxidation and the disturbaance of the balance between the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation intensity. The activity of the antioxidant defense system in the blood was different for calves fed with cadmium chloride at doses of 0.03 and 0.05 mg/kg of animal mass. The more cadmium chloride in the feed, the lower the activity of the antioxidant defense system of the calves’ organisms was registered. Thus cadmium chloride depresses the antioxidant defense system, which specifically involves lowering the activity of enzymatic links (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic links (reduced glutathione, selenium, vitamins A and E).

Antioxidant Defence System in a Patient with Cerebrovascular Accident

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kocatürk ◽  
P A Kocatürk ◽  
G Ö Kayas ◽  
N Mutluer
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
The Status ◽  
Copper Zinc

The increased production of reactive oxygen metabolites in the central nervous system may result in cellular damage and vascular–parenchymal injury. Vascular injury is also a cause of the vasoregulation deficiency. In this case report, a 60-year-old woman was admitted to the department of neurology, with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident. During 18 days of follow-up, the status of the antioxidant system was determined by measuring red cell superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. Red cell and plasma copper, zinc and magnesium concentrations were also measured. Red cell superoxide dismutase activity increased markedly by Day 2, reached a peak on Day 6 before decreasing to normal 18 days after the injury. Red cell catalase activity was below normal values during the whole of the 18-day study period and was at its lowest between days 6 and 7. Plasma copper, zinc and magnesium concentrations showed corresponding alterations.

scholarly journals Red cell superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in multiple sclerosis.

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kopff ◽  
I Zakrzewska ◽  
J Czernicki ◽  
J Klem ◽  
M Strzelczyk
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Red Cell
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