Evaluation of electroacupuncture for symptom modification in a rodent model of spontaneous osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 096452842110207
Author(s):  
Alexa P Spittler ◽  
Maryam F Afzali ◽  
Richard B Martinez ◽  
Lauren A Culver ◽  
Sarah E Leavell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rodent Model ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Modification ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarker ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Restricted Mobility ◽  
Movement Parameters

Objective: Faced with the frustration of chronic discomfort and restricted mobility due to osteoarthritis (OA), many individuals have turned to acupuncture for relief. However, the efficacy of acupuncture for OA is uncertain, as much of the evidence is inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate electroacupuncture (EA) in a rodent model of OA such that conclusions regarding its effectiveness for symptom or disease modification could be drawn. Methods: Ten 12-month-old male Hartley guinea pigs—which characteristically have moderate to advanced OA at this age—were randomly assigned to receive EA for knee OA (n = 5) or anesthesia only (control group, n = 5). Treatments were performed three times weekly for 3 weeks, followed by euthanasia 2 weeks later. Gait analysis and enclosure monitoring were performed weekly to evaluate changes in movement. Serum was collected for inflammatory biomarker testing. Knee joints were collected for histology and gene expression. Results: Animals receiving EA had significantly greater changes in movement parameters compared to those receiving anesthesia only. There was a tendency toward decreased serum protein concentrations of complement component 3 (C3) in the EA group compared to the control group. Structural and antioxidant gene transcripts in articular cartilage were increased by EA. There was no significant difference in total joint histology scores between groups. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that EA has a positive effect on symptom, but not disease, modification in a rodent model of OA. Further investigations into mechanistic pathways that may explain the efficacy of EA in this animal model are needed.

scholarly journals A Positive Association Between Foot Posture Index and Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis in Moroccan People

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abourazzak F.E ◽  
Kadi N ◽  
Azzouzi H ◽  
Lazrak F ◽  
Najdi A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Pes Cavus ◽  
Foot Posture Index ◽  
Posture Index ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Posture

Objectives : To compare foot posture in people with and without medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to assess association between its abnormalities and medial compartment knee OA. Methods : We compared the foot posture of patients with clinically and radiographically-confirmed medial compartment knee OA and asymptomatic healthy controls using the foot posture index (FPI), navicular height, and the medial arch. Results : We included 100 patients and 80 asymptomatic controls. The mean age of patients was 59 ± 7 (44-76) years and 48 ± 9 (28-60) years in the control (p=0.06). Patients group have more pronated foot for FPI (1.50 ± 2.68 vs 0.72 ± 2.63; p=0.05), more flat foot (42% vs 22%; p=0.03), and less pes cavus than the control group (58% vs 77%; p=0.004). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the navicular height (3.90 ± 0.85 cm vs 4.00 ± 0.76 cm; p=0.41). In multivariate statistical analysis, after adjusting for age and body mass index, pronated foot in FPI (OR=1.22, 95%IC= [1.06-1.40], p=0.005), and pes cavus (OR=0.32, 95%IC= [0.11-0.93], p=0.03) had a significant correlation with the knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion : Pronated foot posture and flat foot are significantly associated with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Investigation of Clinical Effects of High- and Low-Resistance Training for Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Hwa Jan ◽  
Jiu-Jeng Lin ◽  
Jiann-Jong Liau ◽  
Yeong-Fwu Lin ◽  
Da-Hon Lin
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and PurposeMuscle strength training is important for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). High-resistance exercise has been demonstrated to be more beneficial than low-resistance exercise for young subjects. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high- and low-resistance strength training in elderly subjects with knee OA.Subjects and MethodsOne hundred two subjects were randomly assigned to groups that received 8 weeks of high-resistance exercise (HR group), 8 weeks of low-resistance exercise (LR group), or no exercise (control group). Pain, function, walking time, and muscle torque were examined before and after intervention.ResultsSignificant improvement for all measures was observed in both exercise groups. There was no significant difference in any measures between HR and LR groups. However, based on effect size between exercise and control groups, the HR group improved more than the LR group.Discussion and ConclusionBoth high- and low-resistance strength training significantly improved clinical effects in this study. The effects of high-resistance strength training appear to be larger than those of low-resistance strength training for people with mild to moderate knee OA, although the differences between the HR and LR groups were not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of SIRT1 Activator on the Knee With Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenquan Zhou ◽  
Zhenhan Deng ◽  
Yuwei Liu ◽  
Yizi Zheng ◽  
Shiwei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sirt1 Activator

Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common chronic musculoskeletal disorders, is deemed to be correlated with aging. The SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, acts as a crucial regulator of aging and may have a potential therapeutic effect on OA. Rabbit OA models were established through destabilized medial meniscus surgery. A total of 40 healthy male New Zealand rabbits were divided into five groups: control group (sham operation), OA group, as well as low dose (LD), middle dose (MD), and high dose (HD) resveratrol-treated OA groups. 6 weeks after operation, 0.8 ml of normal saline was injected into the knee joints every other day in the control and OA groups, and 0.8 ml of 5, 10, and 15 μmol/L resveratrol was injected into the knee joints every other day in the LD, MD, and HD group, respectively. The rabbits were sacrificed 2 weeks after medication, and the articular cartilage of the knee joint was collected for Micro-CT, histology and Western blot analysis. Obvious articular cartilage lesion and joint space narrowing were detected in the OA group. Compared with the OA group, less osteoarthritic changes were observed in the MD and HD groups. The MD and HD groups had significantly lower bone volume fraction, trabecular number and Mankin scores than the LD and OA groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the OA and LD groups (p > 0.05). The expressions of SIRT1 and p53 detected by western blot were consistent with the aforementioned findings. Therefore, resveratrol can activate the SIRT1 gene to play a protective role in the OA process by inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis, trabecular bone number increasing of the subchondral bone, as well as elevation of bone density. It demonstrated the importance of SIRT1 in maintaining articular cartilage health and provided a promising therapeutic intervention in the treatment of OA.

scholarly journals Agonist/Antagonist Ratio for ankle joint is similar between active and inactive older adults compared to hip and knee joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Gabriel Garcia ◽  
Leonardo Vieira ◽  
Victor Seibel ◽  
Milena Razuk ◽  
Natalia Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Guidance Service ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Previous studies performed analysis of the agonist/antagonist ratio (AAR) largely in atlhlete population. However, no study has observed the effects of physical activity on the AAR in different movement velocities on the elderly people. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the AAR of the lower limbs in elderly participants of the Exercise Guidance Service (SOE) and compare them with sedentary eldery, using a group of young adults as a control group. Method: 86 individuals divided into three groups: young adult (n=25); sedentary (n=30); active (n=31). Collection of the AAR was made through the isokinetic dynamometer at velocities of 60 and 120°/s. Results: The results indicated a difference in the velocity of 60°/s for the hip and in the velocity of 120°/s for the knee. In addition, there was a difference between the elderly (active and sedentary) and the adults at ankle. Conclusion: Although the sedentary elderly presented higher mean values compared to active group, there was no significant difference for AAR of the lower between these groups.

scholarly journals Aquatic physiotherapy in the functional capacity of elderly with knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Pereira Garbi ◽  
Paulo Roberto Rocha Júnior ◽  
Natália de Souza Pontes ◽  
Andressa de Oliveira ◽  
Glauber de Oliveira Barduzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Introduction: Physicaltherapy in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) acts to decrease pain, increase joint functionality and to promote improvement in quality of life. Objective: To analyze the effect of a structured program of aquatic physiotherapy (AP) on functional capacity (FC) and mobility of elderly people with OA. Methods: Prospective, quantitative and analytical, randomized control study. The sample consisted of 29 patients, aged 60 years or over, diagnosed with OA, randomly allocated to the intervention group (IG), composed of 17 participants who underwent BP for two months, and to the control group (CG) of 12 participants. The primary outcome was measured by the WOMAC instruments and six-minute walk test. As a secondary endpoint, the Timed Up and Go Test measured mobility. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to present the data, with mean and standard deviation values. The comparison between groups for potential confounding factors and in relation to evolution was performed using the non-parametric chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Dunn's test for multiple comparisons. The differences were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in physical and functional parameters related to pain (p < 0.001), stiffness (p < 0.001) physical activity (p < 0.001), distance covered in six minutes (p = 0.001), and mobility (p < 0.001) when comparing IG to CG. Conclusion: The structured AP program effectively contributed to the improvement of FC and mobility of elderly people with knee OA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Light-Emitting Diodes’ Effects on the Expression Level of P53 and EGFR in the Gingival Tissues of Albino Rats

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Ahmed ◽  
Raziq
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
P53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Egfr Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gene Transcripts

Background and objectives: The light-curing unit is considered an essential piece of equipment in every dental office. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) by the light cure (LC) device on gingival tissues of albino rats histologically and by regarding the expression of P53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Materials and methods: Gingival tissues of the rats were exposed to LEDs for 30 s with an interval of 30 s for periods of 2 and 5 min and were examined after two and four weeks of light exposure. After the set time, histological sections were studied and the P53 and EGFR expressions were evaluated immunohistochemically and by molecular methods. Results: Mild hyperplasia and mild inflammatory response were detected in higher rates after two weeks of exposure when compared to 4 weeks postexposure. Whereas fibrosis was found at a higher rate after four weeks than that found after two weeks postexposure, parakeratosis was seen only in the group that was exposed for 5 min to LC and when biopsies were taken after 2 weeks. We found that the immunohistochemical expression of P53 was not changed. Similarly, the alteration of EGFR expression was statistically nonsignificant (p > 0.05) when compared to the control group. The data obtained from the qRT-PCR reaction was analyzed using the comparative CT (2-ΔΔCT) method. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the expression of EGER and P53 gene transcripts. Conclusions: LED causes no serious alteration in P53 and EGFR expression, and only trivial histopathological changes occurred, most of which recovered after a 4-week interval.

scholarly journals Oxidant-Antioxidant Status in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Zindan Y. Ameen ◽  
Najlaa K. Issa
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Total Bilirubin ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The major famous degenerative joint disease is osteoarthritis (OA), which leads to disability, reduced motion, pain, swelling, and crepitus. Thus, this research aimed to determine the statuses of oxidative stress (OS) and antioxidants in blood patients with primary OA and to compare serum levels of some inflammatory markers between control and knee OA patients groups. In this case-control study, 126 knee OA patients and 49 control individuals were taken, who visited the Center of Rheumatoid in Duhok city, Kurdistan region of Iraq. For the participant’s information, a study questionnaire was employed. Serum total bilirubin (TBIL), uric acid (UA), catalase, peroxynitrite (PN), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were evaluated. Some inflammatory markers were measured, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Also, body mass index (BMI) was measured. In the present study, the % of the control group was 28% and patients groups were 29.71, 28, and 14.29% for mild, moderate, and severe cases, respectively. The mean values of MDA and CP showed significant differences between knee OA and control groups. On the other hand, the mean values of catalase, PN, UA, and TBIL showed no significant differences among control and knee OA groups. A significant difference was found among control and knee OA groups for ESR, but CRP was non-significant. In the current study, elevated levels of lipid-peroxidation and CP in patients with knee OA were observed. OS may be involved in OA.

scholarly journals FRI0406 CARTILAGE REPAIR ACTIVITY DURING JOINT-PRESERVING TREATMENT MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY OSTEOPHYTE FORMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 801.1-802
Author(s):  
M. Jansen ◽  
S. Mastbergen ◽  
F. Watt ◽  
E. Willemse ◽  
T. Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tibial Osteotomy ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Natural Progression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Repair Activity ◽  
One Year

Background:Knee joint distraction (KJD) is a joint-preserving treatment to postpone total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and has shown cartilage repair and clinical improvement in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA), as has high tibial osteotomy (HTO). The observed cartilage repair activity could be related to an increase in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ-1), which increases in the synovial fluid (SF) during KJD treatment.1However, animal and ex vivo human studies have shown that TGFβ-1 also induce formation of osteophytes, generally seen as an OA severity hallmark. Similarly, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was observed to increase in SF during KJD treatment and may also be associated with osteophytosis.As such, we hypothesized that joint-preserving regenerative treatments demonstrating cartilage repair activity lead to general tissue (re)generation, including osteophytosis.Objectives:To analyze osteophytosis after KJD and compare this to HTO and natural progression in knee OA.Methods:63 KJD patients were included in several clinical trials, one of which was a randomized controlled trial comparing patients indicated for HTO, but treated with KJD (KJDHTO; n=23) vs. patients treated with HTO (n=46). All patients received standardized radiographs before and one and two years after treatment, used to measure osteophyte size. Only patients with measurements at baseline and two-year follow-up were included. As a control group for natural progression, untreated knee OA patients from Cohort Hip & Cohort Knee (CHECK; n=1002) were studied. Only patients who received a TKA during follow-up were included, using their last two measurements before treatment to reflect natural two-year progression (n=44).A separate group of 20 patients treated with KJD in regular care underwent SF aspirations before and after treatment, and TGFβ-1 and IL-6 levels were measured by immunoassay (Mesoscale Discovery). Unstandardized radiographs were acquired before and one year after treatment, used to score osteophytes with the revised Altman score, resulting in a 0 (normal) to 12 (severe) whole-joint score. Only patients with radiographs and SF aspirations at both baseline and one-year follow-up were included.Results:After two years, both KJD (n=58) and HTO (n=38) patients showed a significant increase in osteophyte size (+6.2mm2 and +7.0mm2 resp.; both p<0.003; figure 1), with no significant differences between the treatments (p>0.38). Untreated CHECK patients who underwent TKA did not show significant two-year osteophyte changes before treatment (+2.1mm2; p=0.207; figure 1) and showed significant differences compared with KJD and HTO groups (both p<0.044). In the KJD SF aspiration group (n=17), the Altman osteophyte score was not different at one year compared to baseline (+0.2 points; p=0.653) and there was no association between baseline biomarker values and the baseline Altman osteophyte score, or between changes in these parameters (all p≥0.28). Trichotomization of patients in groups with a decrease, no change or increase in total Altman osteophyte score indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the three groups in changes in TGFβ-1 (p=0.044; figure 2A), but not IL-6 (p=0.898; figure 2B).Conclusion:After KJD treatment, joint space widening and clinical improvement are accompanied by osteophytosis. Similar results were observed after treatment with HTO, suggesting effects occur in regenerative joint-preserving treatments in general. The increased osteophytosis may be a bystander effect of cartilage repair activity related to intra-articular factors like TGFβ-1 and questions whether osteophytosis should necessarily be considered a hallmark of OA worsening.References:[1]Watt et al, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020Disclosure of Interests:Mylène Jansen: None declared, Simon Mastbergen: None declared, Fiona Watt: None declared, Elske Willemse: None declared, Tonia Vincent Consultant of: Ad hoc consultancy GSK, Mundipharma, UCB, Sander Spruijt Consultant of: Consultancy to Zimmer Biomet Inc., Pieter Emans Shareholder of: Shareholder and cofounder start-up company Chondropeptix, Roel Custers: None declared, Ronald Van Heerwaarden: None declared, Floris Lafeber Shareholder of: Co-founder and shareholder of ArthroSave BV

Levels of Prothrombin Fragment F1+2 in Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia and a History of Venous Thromboembolism

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
pp. 1327-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Andreas Stümpflen ◽  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Christine Bialonczyk ◽  
Kurt Herkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prothrombin Fragment ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
System Activation ◽  
One Year

SummaryIncreased thrombin generation occurs in many individuals with inherited defects in the antithrombin or protein C anticoagulant pathways and is also seen in patients with thrombosis without a defined clotting abnormality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HC) is an important risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We prospectively followed 48 patients with H-HC (median age 62 years, range 26-83; 18 males) and 183 patients (median age 50 years, range 18-85; 83 males) without H-HC for a period of up to one year. Prothrombin fragment Fl+2 (Fl+2) was determined in the patient’s plasma as a measure of thrombin generation during and at several time points after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. While on anticoagulants, patients with H-HC had significantly higher Fl+2 levels than patients without H-HC (mean 0.52 ± 0.49 nmol/1, median 0.4, range 0.2-2.8, versus 0.36 ± 0.2 nmol/1, median 0.3, range 0.1-2.1; p = 0.02). Three weeks and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants, up to 20% of the patients with H-HC and 5 to 6% without H-HC had higher Fl+2 levels than a corresponding age- and sex-matched control group. 16% of the patients with H-HC and 4% of the patients without H-HC had either Fl+2 levels above the upper limit of normal controls at least at 2 occasions or (an) elevated Fl+2 level(s) followed by recurrent VTE. No statistical significant difference in the Fl+2 levels was seen between patients with and without H-HC. We conclude that a permanent hemostatic system activation is detectable in a proportion of patients with H-HC after discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy following VTE. Furthermore, secondary thromboprophylaxis with conventional doses of oral anticoagulants may not be sufficient to suppress hemostatic system activation in patients with H-HC.

Viscosity and Red Cell Deformity in Arterial Disease

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Cella ◽  
H de Haas ◽  
M Rampling ◽  
V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference

Haemorrheological factors have been shown to be affected in many kings of vascular disease. The present study was undertaken to correlate these factors in normal subjects and patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease. Twenty-two patients were investigated; they had moderate or severe intermittent claudication, extent of disease being confirmed by aorto-arteriography and ankle-systolic pressure studies. Twenty-five controls with no symptoms or signs of arterial disease were selected with comparable age and sex distribution. Whole blood viscosity was measured at shear rates of 230 secs-1 and 23 secs-lat 37°c using a Wells Brookfield cone plate microvisco meter. Plasma viscosity was also measured in an identical manner. Erythrocyte flexibility was measured by centrifuge technique and fibrinogen concentration as well as haematocrit by standard techniques. The fibrinogen concentration appeared to be the only significant parameter; the mean concentration in patients with peripheral vascular disease of 463 ± 73mg/l00ml in the control group ( < 0.05). Although whole blood viscosity was high in patients, when corrected to a common haematocrit, there was no significant difference between patients and controls. The same megative correlation was found for plasma viscosity. The red cell flexibility was found to be increased in patients as compared to the control group, but this effect appeared to be simply proportional to the fibrinogen concentration.

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