Determinants of Exports Behaviour of India’s Agro-processing Firms: Role of Technology, Imported Raw Materials and Logistics Infrastructure

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292098144
Author(s):  
Suresh Ramaiah ◽  
Gopal Krishna Roy
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Exporting Firms ◽  
Export Behaviour ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Managerial Quality

Despite accounting for a sizeable share in the overall output and employment of the manufacturing sector, the export potential of India’s Agro-processing firms has received less attention. This article investigates the determinants of export propensity and intensity of relatively labour-intensive agro-processing firms in India with a focus on the role of technology adopted, the proportion of imported raw materials used and status of the logistics infrastructure at the location of the firm. The article makes use of the CMIE-PROWESS dataset to obtain a cross-section of agro-processing firms for the year 2016–2017 and the Logistic Ease Across Different States (LEADS) database. The empirical strategy involves the Heckman two-step process to address the sample selection bias originating in modelling export behaviour. The article finds that the likelihood of an agro-processing firm to enter the exporting market increases with an increase in technology enhancing investment in terms of expenditure on research and development and import of capital goods. Moreover, a better level of logistics infrastructure enhances the likelihood of exporting. The likelihood of a firm to export also increases with the increase in the use of imported raw materials, firm size, age and superior managerial quality. However, the paper finds only the expenditure on imported capital goods and imported raw materials to be positively and significantly associated with the export intensity of the exporting firms.

Pots on mats: mat-impressed salt-extraction pottery at Chalcolithic Provadia-Solnitsata, Bulgaria

Antiquity ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mila Andonova ◽  
Vassil Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Salt Production ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Late Chalcolithic ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Relationship

Evidence for both basket weaving and salt production is often elusive in the prehistoric archaeological record. An assemblage of Middle–Late Chalcolithic pottery from Provadia-Solnitsata in Bulgaria provides insight into these two different technologies and the relationship between them. The authors analyse sherds from vessels used in large-scale salt production, the bases of which bear the impression of woven mats. This analysis reveals the possible raw materials used in mat weaving at Provadia-Solnitsata and allows interpretation of the role of these mats in salt production at the site. The results illustrate how it is possible to see the ‘invisible’ material culture of prehistoric south-eastern Europe and its importance for production and consumption.

Removal of nitrogen in different wetland filter materials: use of stable nitrogen isotopes to determine factors controlling denitrification and DNRA

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.T. Mørkved ◽  
A.K. Søvik ◽  
B. Kløve ◽  
L.R. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
15N Tracer ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
Initial Oxygen ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The One

Laboratory incubations with varying O2 and NO3 concentrations were performed with a range of filter materials used in constructed wetlands (CWs). The study included material sampled from functioning CWs as well as raw materials subjected to laboratory pre-incubation. 15N-tracer techniques were used to assess the rates of denitrification versus dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), and the relative role of nitrification versus denitrification in producing N2O. The N2O/(N2+N2O) product ratio was assessed for the different materials. Sand, shell sand, and peat sustained high rates of denitrification. Raw light-weight aggregates (LWA) had a very low rate, while in LWA sampled from a functioning CW, the rate was similar to the one found in the other materials. The N2O/(N2+N2O) ratio was very low for sand, shell sand and LWA from functioning CWs, but very high for raw LWA. The ratio was intermediate but variable for peat. The N2O produced by nitrification accounted for a significant percentage of the N2O accumulated during the incubation, but was dependent on the initial oxygen concentration. DNRA was significant only for shell sand taken from a functioning CW, suggesting that the establishment of active DNRA is a slower process than the establishment of a denitrifying flora.

scholarly journals Impact of recycling sustainability on organizational performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchechukwuka Linus Odia
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Rate Of Returns ◽  
The Impact

This is empirical research focusing on the impact of recycling sustainability on Organizational performance in Nigeria. To achieve the objective of this study, a sample of 10 publishing houses in four major cities in Delta State was adopted, and these cities include Asaba, Warri, Sapele, and Oghara. Given that Nigeria is the regional publishing powerhouse in West Africa with newspaper publications selling in the whole region, likewise, textbook publishers in Nigeria dominate the regional market. The industry contributes about 10% of the GDP and is one of the fastest-growing in the manufacturing sector. Unfortunately, Nigeria does not produce most of the raw materials for publishing. All paper materials used in Nigeria are imported, and the costs are rising with the reliability of the sources dwindling. In addition, the publishing industry in Nigeria is faced with a high rate of waste and returns. The study focused on the impact of adopting recycling sustainability as a possible solution to the dwindling raw materials, increasing costs, and high rate of returns. It used a stratified random sampling approach and a descriptive research design. 

scholarly journals A Measure of the Elasticity of Substitution in the Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Rukhsana Kalim
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Factor Price ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Employment Potential ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Price Distortions

From a technological perspective, the paper is mainly concerned with finding the employment potential in different groups of industries of Pakistan. The role of factor prices in determining techniques of production in the industrial sector through elasticity of substitution has been analysed. Besides taking the large-scale manufacturing sector as a whole, three broad categories of industries viz., consumer goods, intermediate goods and capital goods industries has been selected in particular for the empirical analysis. By utilising the OLS technique, the cross-section analysis for the year 1995-96 has been made. Our results indicate the there is great potential for employment in the intermediate and capital goods industries provided there are no factor price distortions in the economy.

scholarly journals Similarities and Differences Between Italian Early Neolithic Groups: The Role of Personal Ornaments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1274-1294
Author(s):  
Roberto Micheli
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The Early Neolithic is an interesting period for observing the changes that took place in material culture and also in the ideology that influenced the production of personal ornaments. Objects of adornment are useful for understanding how past peoples differentiated themselves on the basis of gender, age, or group affiliation. The Early Neolithic in Italy developed throughout the entire sixth millennium cal. BC, during which the first farming communities settled in the Italian peninsula and islands, with diverse Neolithic groups related to wider-ranging cultural spheres. Early Neolithic ornaments were mainly ring bracelets, manufactured beads and perforated shells or teeth. Through their choice and the raw materials used for their production, individuals and groups emphasized their diverse identities based on shared traditions. Focusing on some of the more significant sites, this article considers similarities and differences in forms and raw materials employed for ornaments by different Early Neolithic groups and how these could have been useful attributes to emphasise identities and in particular the membership of particular social or cultural groups.

Examining the Role of Policy and Cultural Determinants on Sectoral Export Competitiveness: Evidences from India

2019 ◽  
pp. 097215091986834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Shubham Kumar ◽  
Keya Sengupta ◽  
Tapas K. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Export Competitiveness

Exports are affected by several economic, political, social and cultural determinants. The objective of this study is to examine the role of policy and cultural determinants on export competitiveness for different sectors, estimate the technical efficiency (TE) and suggest focus areas to improve exports. The study uses the method of stochastic frontier analysis on the bilateral trade of India over the period 2000–2016. The result findings highlight that there is underutilization and ambiguous effect of trade agreements for all sectors except intermediate goods (IGs). Foreign direct investments outflow has positive results for all the sectors with capital goods getting benefitted the most. TE of exports shows positive trends for IGs, negative trend for raw materials, and mixed trend for consumer goods and capital goods sectors. IGs show the best export competitiveness, whereas RMs have the highest export potential. The results underline India’s progress in integrating with the global supply chain through increasing TE in exports of IGs.

scholarly journals The effect of shaft diameter on the surface quality in turning machine for different sets of cutting parameter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Abdullah Al-Mahrouqi ◽  
Adeel H. Suhail
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Shaft Diameter ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Materials Used

In the manufacturing industry, machining is the process which has been used widely within the industry for carrying out various operations. By putting the materials together, mechanical parts can be formed with the help of raw materials change and these mechanical parts used in the formation of heavy and small machineries for the personal used and for the industrial use as well. Most of the metals are being manufactured with the help of machining. In the process of turning, the cutting parameters gained the opportunity to increase productivity. However, there also exists a consequence regarding the quality and deterioration risk and the life of the tool which need to be controlled to achieve greater efficiencies. The selection of parameters is based on the materials used in workpiece, tools, and other stuff. Additionally, the size of the tool matters as well, therefore it should also be selected carefully by keeping in mind the need of the machine and capability of the users regarding managing that machine. Many factors could affect the machining performance and during turning process, workpiece diameter could be one of these factors which affect the surface quality. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of shaft diameter on the surface quality in Lathe turning machine. Taguchi method and Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis and to optimize the cutting parameters with several experimental runs well designed. The result shows the shaft diameter effect quality of workpiece surface and the researchers should take into account this effect during their study and compare it with other researcher results.

scholarly journals Analisis Biaya Produksi Dalam Meningkatkan Profitabilitas Perusahaan

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Lukman Hidayat ◽  
Suhandi Halim
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Overtime Work ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Regular Work

Production cost is important in determining selling price and as a basis for management decision making to decide whether products manufacturing will be continued or discontinued. In addition, production cost has influence on firm’s profitability level; the smaller production cost, it will be inversely in proportion to its profitability. The purpose of this study is to see how far the role of production cost affects profitability. By making some adjustments in production cost such as making efficiency, total number of the company’s profitability can be increased compared to production cost which is still high. The research done at PT Sakti Kandakawana, located in Bogor. The result shows that PT Sakti Kandakawana is still be able to improve profitability by making some corrections on productionn cost. The assumption is the same number of selling will get higher profitability if it’s used lower production cost. Due to ineffective cost decreases more and more, the company has fund by efficiency without affecting products quality.  Based on the evaluation, it shows that the production cost applied so far is still wasteful caused by raw materials used are expensive. In addition, it appears that cost for overtime work is not effective campare to cost for regular work. Thereby, when more efficient production cost is determined, the company’s profitability can be increased.   Keywords:Production Cost; Company’s Profitability

scholarly journals Role of Yeasts in the Brewing Process: Tradition and Innovation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Massimo Iorizzo ◽  
Francesca Coppola ◽  
Francesco Letizia ◽  
Bruno Testa ◽  
Elena Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Yeast ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeasts

Nowadays, in the beer sector, there is a wide range of products, which differ for the technologies adopted, raw materials used, and microorganisms involved in the fermentation processes. The quality of beer is directly related to the fermentation activity of yeasts that, in addition to the production of alcohol, synthesize various compounds that contribute to the definition of the compositional and organoleptic characteristics. The microbrewing phenomenon (craft revolution) and the growing demand for innovative and specialty beers has stimulated researchers and brewers to select new yeast strains possessing particular technological and metabolic characteristics. Up until a few years ago, the selection of starter yeasts used in brewing was exclusively carried out on strains belonging to the genus Saccharomyces. However, some non-Saccharomyces yeasts have a specific enzymatic activity that can help to typify the taste and beer aroma. These yeasts, used as a single or mixed starter with Saccharomyces strains, represent a new biotechnological resource to produce beers with particular properties. This review describes the role of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in brewing, and some future biotechnological perspectives.

scholarly journals Role of various fishmeal ingredients on sangkuriang catfish Clarias sp. growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo ◽  
, Susan ◽  
Mia Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Materials Used

<p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">This research was aimed to evaluate the role of fish meal from different raw materials in improving growth performance of sangkuriang catfish <em>Clarias </em>sp. The source of raw materials used were derived from trash fish, salted fish, and head fish eal. Fish reared for 44 days and were given feed test three times per day at 08.00, 12.00, and 16.00. Biomass weight of the experimental fish used were 38.49±1.61 g. The fish reared on the aquarium of 60x50x40 cm<sup>3</sup> and by using recirculation system. The results showed that fish meal derived from trash fish provide the best result for feed consumption, daily growth rate, absolute length, biomass, retention of protein, retention of fat, feed efficiency, feed conversion (P&gt;0.05). However, it does not significantly different on the survival of fish (P&gt;0.05). The data showed that the use of trash fish meal resulted on the best growth performance of sangkuriang catfish. It was indicated that the trash-fish meal might be used as the main protein source of sangkuriang catfish feed.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Keywords: catfish, growth, at satiation, fish meal</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pakan uji yang menggunakan sumber tepung ikan dari bahan baku berbeda dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan lele sangkuriang <em>Clarias</em> sp. Sumber tepung ikan yang digunakan berasal dari ikan rucah, ikan asin, dan kepala ikan, yang memiliki umum digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan baku pakan lokal. Ikan diberi pakan <em>at satiation</em> selama 44 hari dengan frekuensi tiga kali sehari, yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 12.00, dan 16.00. Biomassa rata-rata ikan uji yang digunakan adalah 38,49±1,61 g. Ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 60x50x40 cm<sup>3</sup> dan dengan menerapkan sistem resirkulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung ikan yang berasal dari ikan rucah mampu memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan uji. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai kinerja pertumbuhan seperti jumlah konsumsi pakan, laju pertumbuhan harian, panjang mutlak, biomassa, retensi protein, retensi lemak, efisiensi pemberian pakan, dan konversi pakan yang menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P&lt;0,05). Namun, tidak terjadi perbedaan pada kelangsungan hidup ikan (P&gt;0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung ikan rucah menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik sebagai sumber protein utama pada pakan ikan lele sangkuriang.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Kata kunci : ikan lele, pertumbuhan, <em>at satiation</em>, tepung ikan</p><p> </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document