Are Banks in India Diversified Enough, Geographically, Across States and Economic Sectors?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226612110055
Author(s):  
Kalluru Siva Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Portfolio Risk ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Banking Structure ◽  
Nationalised Banks ◽  
Geographic Risk

This article, the first of its kind for the Indian economy, constructs lending environment portfolios of economic activities that banks in India have been faced with, for four Indian banking groups based on the extent of their operations in terms of their deposit shares in each state and the lending-portfolio mix of economic activities in those states. For empirical analysis, data on seven components of gross domestic product and state gross domestic product for 29 states from 1980–1981 to 2016–2017 were taken. The results reveal that the portfolio variances (risk) of the bank groups have declined in the last three decades. Compared to domestic private banks, the State Bank of India group and nationalised banks seem to have significantly reduced their environmental portfolio variability. Simulations to grasp the reasons for this geographic risk reduction show that structural economic reforms introduced in the early 1990s seem to have contributed more than changes in the banking structure in reducing the portfolio risk of banks.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TOURISM ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF OIL PRODUCING COUNTRIES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
E.V. Kutyashova ◽  
O.E. Danilin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the economic development of oil-producing countries, the impact of tourism on the economy of energy exporting countries and the formation of gross domestic product. The high dependence of oil-producing countries on the export of raw materials, fluctuations in the world oil market and awareness of the limited resources require a policy of diversification of national economies. Overcoming the dependence of the economy on a narrow range of economic activities, countries choose rapidly developing economic sectors that provide investment inflows, high export earnings and job creation. One such sector is tourism and travel. Within the framework of the study, countries with a high degree of dependence on energy exports were identified and grouped according to the level of economic development. To identify the role of tourism in the formation of the gross domestic product and the development of oil-producing countries, the average growth rates of the gross domestic product, the contribution of tourism to GDP, and investment in tourism were calculated for the period from 2010 to 2019. The countries that have chosen tourism as the direction of economic diversification are highlighted. An assessment of the impact of tourism on the rates of development of national economies of oil-producing countries is given.

scholarly journals Relação entre o valor adicionado das atividades econômicas e o produto interno bruto do Rio Grande do Norte

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 757-782
Author(s):  
Ruhama Bezerra Fernandes ◽  
Adilson de Lima Tavares ◽  
Yuri Gomes Paiva Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Sense Data ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
The Difference

Resumo: Neste estudo teve-se por objetivo analisar a relação do valor adicionado das principais atividades econômicas (agropecuária, indústria, serviços e administração pública) relativamente ao Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) do Rio Grande do Norte, durante o período de 2010 a 2013. Nesse sentido, foram coletados dados relativos ao valor adicionado, ao PIB e à população no sítio do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), bem como referentes ao Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM), por meio do sítio do Sistema Firjan. A amostra compreendeu 166 municípios, de uma totalidade de 167. Para a realização das análises, além da estatística descritiva, foi estimado um modelo de regressão por mínimos quadrados ordinários com dados dispostos em painel, tendo o PIB como variável dependente e as demais variáveis como independentes. Com base nos resultados encontrados, verifica-se que os valores adicionados pelas atividades econômicas apresentam relação positiva e estatisticamente significante, enquanto que as variáveis população e IFDM se relacionam de forma negativa, trazendo à tona questionamentos sobre a distribuição de renda, as políticas socioeconômicas relativas à transição demográfica e a diferença dos conceitos de crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico, corroborando para a hipótese de que o PIB não mede qualidade de vida. Por fim, a partir dos resultados mensurados, conclui-se que os valores adicionados pelas atividades econômicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte possuem relação estatisticamente significante com o PIB no período investigado.Palavras-chave: Produto Interno Bruto. Demonstração do Valor Adicionado. Rio Grande do Norte. Relationship between the added value of the economic activities and the Gross Domestic Product of Rio Grande do Norte Abstract: The study aims to analyze the relation of the value added of the main economic activities (agriculture, industry, services and public administration) regarding the Gross Domestic Product of Rio Grande do Norte during the period from 2010 to 2013. In this sense, data on value added, GDP and population were collected on the website of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), as well as on the Firjan Municipal Development Index (IFDM), through the Firjan System website. The sample comprised 166 municipalities, out of a total of 167. In addition to the descriptive statistics, a regression model was estimated by ordinary least squares with data arranged in a panel, with GDP as a dependent variable and the other variables as independently. Based on the results found, it can be seen that the values added by economic activities have a positive and statistically significant relationship, while the variables population and IFDM were related in a negative way, raising questions about income distribution, socioeconomic policies related to the demographic transition and the difference of the concepts of growth and economic development, corroborating the hypothesis that GDP does not measure quality of life. Finally, from the results measured, it can be concluded that the added values by the economic activities of the State of Rio Grande do Norte have a statistically significant relation with the GDP in the period investigated.Keywords: Gross Domestic Product. Added Value Statements. Rio Grande do Norte.

scholarly journals Dampak Pembiayaan BUS dan UUS Terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia Berdasarkan Lapangan Usaha

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-571
Author(s):  
Aida Azmi Nabila ◽  
Endang Hatma Juniwati ◽  
Fifi Afiyanti Tripuspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Economic Sectors

Islamic banking has a role to encourage economic development and enhance economic growth. One way to do this is by allocating Islamic banking financing funds to all economic sectors or industrials in Indonesia. There is a mismatch between the growth statistics of financing distribution to Gross Domestic Product based on industrials consisting of seven industrial. This istudy iaims ito idetermine iwhether ior inot ithere iis ia  relationship, iconstribution, and the effect iof ifinancing ichanneled on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product. The isample iin ithis istudy was determined using ipurposive isampling. iThis iresearch imethod iis ia idescriptive imethod iwith ia iquantitative iapproach. iThe iresults iof  the model test of the effect of BUS and UUS financing on Indonesia’s Gross Dometic Product based on the industrial in 2012-2019 show that not all financing has a relationship, constribution, and the effect to Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product based on the industrial.

scholarly journals The Economy between Fluctuations in Oil Revenues and Diversifying Sources of Income in Arab Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Yun D Starchenko
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Oil Revenues ◽  
The Impact

The Economic Monitor offers an overview of key economic trends and policies over the preceding six months and discusses conclusions from recent World Bank work on Iraq, putting them in a longer-term and global sense and evaluating the impact of these developments and other policy adjustments Iraq's outlook. The macroeconomy, capital markets, and indices of human health and growth are all included. It is aimed at a broad range of people, like policymakers, industry executives, stock market players, and Iraq's analysts and practitioners. The research problem was represented by the fact that the Iraqi economy is single-source due to its dependence on the crude oil sector, which constitutes more than (60%) of the gross domestic product. Crude oil revenues constitute more than (90%) and neglect other economic sectors such as agriculture, industry, and tourism, whose percentage did not exceed (30%) of the gross domestic product. The weakness of non-oil exports in the foreign trade sector is the failure of macroeconomic policies to diversify the Iraqi economy. The research aims to achieve many goals, the most important of which are: identifying the concept and indicators of diversification. As well as an analysis of the Iraqi economic structure during the period (2008-2019). A forward-looking vision for economic diversification in Iraq.

scholarly journals What Most Influence on Non-Performing Loan in Indonesia? Bank Accounting Perspective with Mars Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-153
Author(s):  
Nanang Shonhadji
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Credit Growth ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Private Banks

The research objective is to examine factors that affect non-performing loans at conventional private banks in Indonesia. These factors include growth in gross domestic product, interest rates, currency exchange rates, exports, credit growth, inflation, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and the capital adequacy ratio. The sample used in this study was conventional private banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2019. Data analysis techniques using Multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS). The study results inform an influence between the predictor variables and the response variables based on functions in the model. The variables that affect non-performing loans are credit growth, exchange rates, inflation, capital adequacy ratio, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and interest rates. In contrast, gross domestic product growth and export growth in this study do not affect non-performing loans in conventional private banks. The MARS model has informed that the most influential variable on non-performing loans is credit growth. Banking authorities need to control lending by applying credit risk management and regulating the quality of credit loans to contribute to the results in this study.

ASSESSMENT OF THE TRANSPORT INTENSITY OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Leszek MINDUR ◽  
Maciej MINDUR
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Exponential Function ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Polynomial Curves ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
National Economies

The excessive increase in transport intensity is one of the negative impacts on the economy. The costs borne due to transport activities are indirectly expressed by the volume of carriages (in tons) and by the scope of transport activity (in ton-kilometers). The result of social and economic activities are global product values and national incomes. This article shows the research on transport activity expressed through transport activity (in ton-kilometers) for all means of transport in total, the results of social and economic activities expressed using the gross domestic product, as well as shaping transport intensity of national economies in selected European countries. The analysis of the course of the exponential function curves, as well as polynomial curves has been carried out, and conclusions have been formulated on their bases.

scholarly journals Revenue Productivity of the Tax System in Namibia: Tax Buoyancy Estimation Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2(J)) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
A Shikongo ◽  
A Shikongo ◽  
O Kakujaha-Matundu ◽  
T Kaulihowa
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Income ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
The Government

Buoyancy refers to how tax revenue responds to a gross domestic product without correcting for discretionary alterations in the tax system. The paper assessed the buoyancy of Namibia’s overall tax system in an attempt to measure the response of the tax system in entirety because of fluctuations in the national income and/or the deliberate act by the government to increase tax rate, reviewed tax code and tax machinery etc. The study employed the Engle-Granger approach to the error correction model to estimate the tax buoyancy for the period 2001 to 2014. The empirical findings from the study revealed that overall the Namibian tax system is income inelastic and not buoyant. This is confirmed by a low and negative value of 0.036 which is less than unit. Thus, the economy is not generating sufficient revenue both through discretionary tax measure and through the expansion in the economic activities. Therefore, the government need to introduce measures that will allow for more tax revenue collection to have a stable revenue base. This also means the government need to keep track of tax mobilization with growth in the gross domestic product as well as to ascertain taxes that are productive.

scholarly journals Analisis Reidentifikasi Empat Masalah Utama Koperasi di Kabupaten Subang sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Strategi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanny ◽  
Kezia Kurniawati ◽  
Benny Shan F Waruwu ◽  
Rangga Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Identification Strategy

Abstract A Cooperative is an autonomous association of persons with similar interest for providing and selling products then share the profits based on the contribution of each member (Hill and Hill 2005). According to Anak Agung Gede Puspayoga, the cooperatives in Indonesia haven’t contributed in Indonesian economy significantly, Their contributions was less than 2% to Gross Domestic Product although there were 209,000 units of cooperative in Indonesia (Ahsan and Nurmayanti 2016). The RPJMD 2013-2018 has identified 4 main issues that cooperatives face in Indonesia. The question is whether the same issues were happened in Subang or it only just some general issues in this country without concern about the particular issues in each region of Indonesia. Based on this phenomenon and question, this study presents about the analysis of the strategy and the re-identification of cooperative’s main issues in Subang. The sample was using purposive sampling method and obtained a sample of 30 cooperatives in Subang. The analysis data was performed with the descriptive statistics. The result of this study indicates that there are 3 of 4 main issues which identified by RPJMD, have been faced by the cooperatives in Subang and there are several strategies could be applied to solve the issues. Keywords: Cooperative; Four Main Issues; Re-Identification; Strategy

scholarly journals ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS, LEADING SECTORS AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALANG YEAR 2008-2012.

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Seno Aji Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Value Shift ◽  
Regional Development Strategies ◽  
Constant Prices

The purpose of this study was to determine the structure of the economy, the dominant sector and regional development strategies in Malang Year 2008-2012.From the analysis it can be concluded that by using a tool known for Economic Structural Analysis of 9 existing economic sector in Gross Domestic Product during the years 2008 to 2012 the sector that contributes most to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at constant prices Malang is the sector tertiary contributing 64.82 %. From the analysis of the leading sectors, Malang has a leading sectors are trade, hotels, and restaurants with LQ value of 1.29 and a differential value shift by shift proportional 195,272.27 and 135,101.68. From the analysis of gravity, Malang has the greatest interaction with the Malang region. For the development of Malang area is quite well characterized by an increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from year to year but still needs to be developed further other economic sectors that still have the potential to compete with other regions in East Java.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH INDIKATOR MAKROEKONOMI TERHADAP IMPOR BARANG INTRA-ASEAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasma Melinda Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Member Country ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Factors Influencing

This research aims to determine the factors that affect the amount of imported goods intra-ASEAN. Factors influencing the import of goods in this study are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Inflation and Exchange Rate in each member country of ASEAN. The method used in this research is panel regression through Panel Least Square (PLS) by using program Eviews 10. The data used is panel data, consisting of ten ASEAN member countries and ten years of research from 2006 to 2015. The results of the analysis data show that GDP and inflation have a positive and significant effect on the imported goods intra-ASEAN, while the exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on the imported goods intra-ASEAN. Simultaneously, GDP, inflation and exchange rate have a positive and significant effect on imported goods intra-ASEAN.

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