scholarly journals Revenue Productivity of the Tax System in Namibia: Tax Buoyancy Estimation Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2(J)) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
A Shikongo ◽  
A Shikongo ◽  
O Kakujaha-Matundu ◽  
T Kaulihowa
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Income ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
The Government

Buoyancy refers to how tax revenue responds to a gross domestic product without correcting for discretionary alterations in the tax system. The paper assessed the buoyancy of Namibia’s overall tax system in an attempt to measure the response of the tax system in entirety because of fluctuations in the national income and/or the deliberate act by the government to increase tax rate, reviewed tax code and tax machinery etc. The study employed the Engle-Granger approach to the error correction model to estimate the tax buoyancy for the period 2001 to 2014. The empirical findings from the study revealed that overall the Namibian tax system is income inelastic and not buoyant. This is confirmed by a low and negative value of 0.036 which is less than unit. Thus, the economy is not generating sufficient revenue both through discretionary tax measure and through the expansion in the economic activities. Therefore, the government need to introduce measures that will allow for more tax revenue collection to have a stable revenue base. This also means the government need to keep track of tax mobilization with growth in the gross domestic product as well as to ascertain taxes that are productive.

scholarly journals Analysis of Elasticity and Buoyancy and Projection of Tax in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Dil Nath Dangal
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Year 2000

This study has been designed to calculate elasticity and buoyancy and projection of various taxes in Nepal from 2018 to 2020. This study is based on secondary data published by the government of Nepal covering a period between the fiscal year 2000 to 2016. The various sources of revenue as a proportion of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) have been analyzed during this period. This study particularly deals with the analysis of elasticity and buoyancy of tax and nontax revenue. The projection of tax revenue since 2018 to 2020 has also been forecasted. The findings reveals that the overall tax system of Nepal seemed to be inelastic during study period, and direct taxes appeared smaller elasticity’s than indirect taxes and those buoyancy coefficients of major taxes became much higher than their respective elasticities.

The Impact of Gst On The Spending Pattern Of Students From The Faculty Of Accountancy, UiTM Puncak Alam, Selangor

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Nadiah Abd Hamid ◽  
Nurul Mardhiah Harun ◽  
Bedah Ahmad ◽  
Mastora Yahya
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The implementation of GST in Malaysia as of 1st April 2015, which replaced the current Sales and Service Tax (SST) is viewed as a more efficient tax to manage and to generate greater revenue collection for the government. This multi-tiered tax rate of 6 percent is finally borne by the end users who consumed the goods and services regardless of their income levels. As a result, even non-income earners such as students are inevitably bearing the rising price of their consumed goods and services. This study aimed to investigate the level of GST knowledge among the final year students in the Faculty of Accountancy, UiTM Puncak Alam. The students’ knowledge andperception on issues related to GST implementation were found to have certain impacts on their spending pattern. Evidently, the findings revealed that students who have much information about GST implementation and in cases where they perceived that GST is an unfair and unequitable tax system, both situations are highly likely to have significant effects on their spending trend.

scholarly journals Analysis of Determinants of Development Imports in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2031-2042
Author(s):  
Malem Ateta Br. Purba ◽  
Muhammad Fitri Rahmadana ◽  
Fitrawaty Fitrawaty
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Domestic Products

Indonesia is known as a developing country which industrial production has not been sustainable to the local demand. This is reflected in Indonesia's dependence on other countries in terms of consumer goods, raw and auxiliary materials as well as capital goods. Indonesia carries out import activities because most domestic products have not been able to compete with foreign products, and there is a sense of grandeur for the people when they are able to buy goods from abroad. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gross domestic product (GDP), foreign exchange reserves, exchange rates and inflation on imports in Indonesia in 2000 - 2019. The method of analysis in this study uses the Error Correction Model (ECM). The estimation results show that in the short term, the variable gross domestic product (GDP), foreign exchange reserves and inflation have a positive and significant effect on imports in Indonesia, while in the long run, all variables have a significant and significant effect on imports in Indonesia. In this case, the support of the government and producers by providing good quality production will greatly assist in the development of the domestic industry, so that the Indonesian people turn to domestic products again.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and Its Impact on E-Administration, Employment and Migration in the Indian Economy, (In the Present Context)

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Bharath K M ◽  
Arun Kumar L S
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
National Income ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

India is the second largest populated country in the world and largest market Economy for most of the developed countries in the world like MNC’s (Multi-National Companies) like automobiles, telephone and communication, educational services, start-up’s, call centres and global level entrepreneurs like to invest in India, due to huge demand for consumer goods and technological products India is one of the largest growing developing economy in the world after China in 2019, with an average GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of 7 percent from2015-2019, with huge FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), India is said to be the country with huge foreign returns in the world. But due to covid-19 has made most of the states in India are in standstill position due to lockdown situation, the income generating sources of the government is unable to generate income as most of the unorganised sectors like migrant workers, small wage labourers contribution to Indian economic growth and business is in standstill stage in the 40 days of Indian government lockdown, this is causing to increase in unemployment ratio in many sectors like educational services, real estate companies etc. only in some organised sectors there is processing of work through online (e-commerce) or in digital mode of transaction, but the unorganised sector workers and daily wage workers or migrants who travelled from far states are unable to earn for their lively wages. Indian government preference to health emergency and relief package of 20 Lakh crore Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan is burden for Indian economic growth as the government is distributing from March 2020. This pandemic has made India`s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth rate prediction below 4%, according to the report of ADB (Asian Development Bank). IMF (International Monetary Fund) has predicted that Indian economy is expected to grow at -10.3 %, according to the source provided by “The Hindu”. There is a need for all the sectors in the economy for digital inclusion, India can try to improve by making all payments and receipts in unorganised sectors through Digital Mode. India can use this global pandemic situation by making India as one of the favourite investment destination for FDI, business and e-commerce in the globe. The purpose of this study is to analyse Covid-19 impact on Indian economy through migration, e-commerce, business and remedies to overcome the pandemic to the growth of National Income (GDP), by implementing various schemes like Make in India and self-reliant India by fiscal and monetary policies.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Untuk Meningkatkan Penerimaan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145
Author(s):  
Setiadi Alim Lim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Government

In the current era of the economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 virus pandemic, the performance of tax revenues worldwide is declining. Indonesia's tax revenues in 2020 experienced a significant decline, including Value Added Tax receipts which decreased by 14.89% compared to 2019. This study shows that in the current situation there are factors that support and hinder the increase in Value Added Tax revenues. Factors that support the increase in Value Added Tax revenue include: an increase in the fiscal deficit, a decrease in imports, a longstanding Value Added Tax, and the efficiency of tax administration by the government. Meanwhile, the factors that hindered the increase in Value Added Tax revenue were: negative Gross Domestic Product growth, decreased service consumption, decreased C-Value Added Tax efficiency. To increase the value added tax revenue, it is better not to increase the Value Added Tax rate, because most countries in ASEAN use a tariff of 10% or less, except in the Philippines where the rate is 12%. If the rate of Value Added Tax is still increased, the maximum is not more than 12%, and it is temporary in nature for now and will be returned to the original rate or lower after the economic crisis era has passed. Expansion of the object of Value Added Tax can be done, among others, by reducing goods and services that are exempt from the imposition of Value Added Tax, which are facilities freed, are not collected, and are borne by the government. If there is an expansion of the object of the imposition of Value Added Tax, then it should be done very selectively and not to be counterproductive by still giving exceptions to basic necessities that are needed by the community and services that have social objectives or based on international rules are exempt from being imposed. It is also hoped that the reduction in the number of exempt goods and services will not interfere with the economic activities of the community, let alone cause unrest in the  community. 

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENERAPAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 46 TAHUN 2013 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JUMLAH WAJIB PAJAK DAN PENERIMAAN PPH PASAL 4 AYAT (2)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelly Anggraeni Dunggio ◽  
Inggriani Elim ◽  
Lidia Mawikere
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Government ◽  
Year 2013

The Government through the Directorate General of Taxation has stipulated Government Regulation (PP) Number 46 Year 2013 concerning Tax on MSMEs. In helping small and medium economic activities, the government provides tax services for the UMKM Taxpayers with a 1% tax rate charged on the gross sales cycle of up to Rp 4.8 billion per year. This study aims to explain the growth of the number of taxpayers, before and after the application of PP. No. 46 Year 2013, also aims to explain the acceptance of Income Tax Article 4 Paragraph (2) in the working area of KPP. Pratama Luwuk. This research uses descriptive qualitative analysis method. The results of this study indicate that after the application of PP. No. 46 Year 2013 has decreased the growth of taxpayers by -2.43%, while the average income tax Article 4 Paragraph (2) from PPh UMKM for forty-two months since the implementation of PP. No. 46 Year 2013 is 2.58% with Very Less criteria. In the future, the government especially KPP Pratama Luwuk must be more active and keen in exploring the potential of tax revenue and maintain performance in managing tax revenue, and to evaluate the implementation of PP.No. 46/2013 as the next policy review.Keywords: Government regulation No.46 of 2013, income tax, receipt.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Pasar Saham Syariah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Binti Shofiatul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
National Income ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Correction Model

Contribution of the Islamic Stock Market to Indonesia's Economic Growth. This study aims to investigate the contribution of the development of the Islamic stock market to Indonesia's economic growth. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all goods and services produced by a country in a certain period. GDP is one method for calculating national income. The Islamic stock index used is the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) which has long standing. Therefore, the research sample consists of the JII (Jakarta Islamic Indexs) and GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The research period is approximately 16 years of observation ranging from 2000 to 2016. Data was obtained from publications on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) website, OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) and BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). Some tests such as the root unit test, cointegration test and Error Correction Model are used to test data. The statistical test tool used was Eviews 9. The Error Correction Model results show that the Islamic stockl market does not affect long-term economic growth.  

scholarly journals Taxation Income, Graft and Informal Sector Operations in Nigeria in Relation to Other African Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
The Government ◽  
Severe Penalty

This study investigates the influence of the informal sector and graft on income accruing to the government through taxation in Nigeria. Informal economy and graft are the two critical activities that inhibit government tax revenue collection and negatively affect the performance of an effective government. The study employs secondary data that cover a period from 2000 to 2018.This period is the millennium period which the country is expected to overcome corruption and curtail the level of informal economic activities prevailing in the nation, but it appears that all efforts seem not to be yielding the required results. In order to achieve the objective of this study, the multi-regression analysis is performed and the results indicate that corruption is very harmful to tax revenue collection while the informal economy has no significant impact on tax revenue within the millennium period covered by this study. Thus, the study suggests formalization of legal unofficial economy activities and total eradication of corruption in Nigeria through the strengthening of the anti-graft agencies, reinforcement of the legal structure and introduction of a more severe penalty for the perpetrators.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENURUNAN TARIF PAJAK PENGHASILAN BADAN TERHADAP KEEKONOMIAN KONTRAK BAGI HASIL GROSS SPLIT DAN MULTIPLIER EFFECT BAGI PEREKONOMIAN PADA KEGIATAN HULU MINYAK BUMI DI INDONESIA

Scientax ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-231
Author(s):  
Gregorius Bela Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Government

Analysis of declining income tax rate of economics on production sharing contract gross split and multiplier effect for the economy in upstream activity in Indonesia describes about Indonesia’s Government announces regulation of production sharing contract gross split in upstream activity for contractor to invest in oil and gas in Indonesia. Due to the pandemic of COVID-19, the Government of Indonesia announced another regulation in regard to income tax rate reduction. This has positively affected the economics on NPV and IRR of contractor and has triggered multiplier effects for the economy in general. Sensitivity analysis is used to calculate the effect of income tax rate reduction for the economics in gross split and multiplier effect. This research has shown that 1% of declining income tax rate affects US$29,333,000 of NPV, 0.3% of IRR, US$20,533,000 Gross Domestic Product and 2,933 jobs in pessimistic scenario; US$61,107,000 of NPV, 0.5% of IRR, US$42,775,000 Gross Domestic Product and 6,111 jobs in moderate scenario; and US$92,881,000 of NPV, 0.6% of IRR, US$65,016,000 Gross Domestic Product and 9,288 jobs in optimistic scenario.  

scholarly journals Governance: A Source to Increase Tax Revenue in Pakistan

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Hassan ◽  
Haider Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Tahir ◽  
Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb ◽  
Ayesha Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Government Stability ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Improved governance in any economy indicates government stability, secured law and order, and minimum internal and external conflicts. A higher level of governance may demonstrate the healthy performance of economic activities and tax revenue collection. Hence, it is vital to investigate the relationship between governance and tax revenue collection in any developing country. Therefore, we aim to investigate the impact of governance on tax revenue in Pakistan using control variables inflation and industrial value-added. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique is utilized to find the long- and short-run effects of hypothesized variables on the tax revenue using a period 1976–2019. After employing a cointegration on the hypothesized model, the results expose that government stability, law and order, and internal and external conflicts leave a positive and significant impact on tax revenue in the long and short run. Hence, it is concluded that governance is an essential source in expanding tax revenue in Pakistan. Moreover, industrial value-added and inflation also show positive effects on the tax revenue. On the grounds of these results, it is proposed that the government should make serious efforts to improve governance and industrial activities for better tax revenue collection.

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