Blood Glucose Levels at Two Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle: A Study on a Group of Bengali-speaking Hindu Ethnic Populations of West Bengal, India

Aim: We aimed to find out the blood sugar levels at two different phases of menstrual cycle and the factors associated with the change in blood sugar level at these different phases. Material and methods: A total of 60 Bengali-speaking Hindu participants, who were married, aged between 30 and 45 years, have regular menstruation, and not diagnosed as diabetic, were selected for this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, menstrual, reproductive, and lifestyle variables. Height (cm), weight (kg), and blood glucose level (mg/dl) were measured at two intervals of time: (a) during menstrual phase (between the 1st and 4th day) and (b) during luteal phase (between 19th and 22nd day of the cycle) following standard protocol. Bivariate analyses showed that majority of participants have increased blood glucose level at luteal phase as compared to their menstrual phase. Results: Results reveal that although BMI did not differ significantly between menstrual and luteal phases, there was a positive correlation between changed BMI value and changed blood glucose level measured during menstrual and luteal phases. Multivariate analysis revealed that blood glucose level increased with the increase in BMI level between two phases of menstrual cycle.

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BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MICE.

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0540514 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 514-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Claus Rerup ◽

Ingmar Lundquist

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Liver Glycogen ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Level Increase ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Alloxan Injection

ABSTRACT Using serial sampling (25 μl) the blood glucose level in individual mice was followed during the induction of and during the steady state of alloxan diabetes. It was found that 70 mg/kg body weight of alloxan, given intravenously to female NMRI mice, caused 1) a rapid blood glucose level increase to 300–400 mg/100 ml within 45 minutes (initial hyperglycaemia), the increase being highly significant after 10 minutes; 2) a subsequent fall in blood glucose (hypoglycaemic phase) to levels of about 50 mg/100 ml measured from 4–8 hours following alloxan injection, sometimes associated with convulsions and death; 3) permanently elevated blood sugar levels from 12–48 hours after alloxan injection (final hyperglycaemia). Permanently diabetic mice still possess a blood sugar level homeostatic mechanism as shown by relatively constant individual blood glucose levels in a population with large differences between animals. This mechanism is highly sensitive to external influences such as handling and blood sampling. A second dose of alloxan, diabetogenic in normal mice, was completely ineffective in diabetic mice irrespective of their degree of hyperglycaemia. Insulin administration or hypophysectomy abolished the initial hyperglycaemia following alloxan injection. Adrenalectomy greatly reduced but failed to abolish the initial hyperglycaemic phase. Alloxan injection into hypophysectomized or adrenalectomized animals resulted in fatal hypoglycaemia. Alloxan diabetic mice responded to hypophysectomy by a total disappearance of hyperglycaemia within 24 hours and death in severe hypoglycaemia within one week. Liver glycogen levels were decreased during the initial hyperglycaemic phase. The hypothesis is put forward that the liver glycogen level at the time of alloxan injection may play a role in the occurrence and intensity of the initial hyperglycaemic phase.

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BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MICE.

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0520357 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 357-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Claus Rerup ◽

Ingmar Lundquist

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Enzymatic Reaction ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Sugar Response

ABSTRACT Multiple serial blood glucose level determinations in individual mice were performed on small blood samples (10–25 μl) using the orbital bleeding technique. Glucose was determined specifically by a known enzymatic reaction. Blood glucose determined in this way was found a parameter of high reproducibility and precision, the latter being shown by the finding that differences between individual animals were highly significant in practically all the experiments. The standard deviation of the single measurement in normal mice was ± 8.2 mg/100 ml as determined from 600 samples, which indicated that the technique allows of the detection of blood sugar level changes of about 15 mg/100 ml or more with very high significance, in a group of 5 mice. In the sampling procedure as such, intravenous or subcutaneous saline injections did not necessarily have any effect on the blood glucose level, but interpretation of slight blood sugar changes under experimental conditions should always be based on a comparison with control groups, since the latter may sometimes show a slight but significant change. In normal non-fasting mice (NMRI strain) significant differences in homoeostatic blood glucose level adjustments were demonstrated. In acutely adrenalectomized mice blood glucose levels were lower and more variable than in normals. Alloxan injection (70 mg/kg) was followed in individual mice by a triphasic blood sugar response, as is known from other species.

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Waist Circumference as The Strongest Factor Related to Blood Glucose Level

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v2i1.2014.48-58 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Nenni Septyaningrum ◽

Santi Martini

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Body Mass ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Sugar Levels

ABSTRACTThe increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is associated with the increasing incident of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity is an important risk factor for the onset of diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index, waist circumference and waist hip ratio with blood glucose level. The study design was cross-sectional. The study population was elderly posyandu member aged 45 to 70 years in Menur clinic work area who were registered in elderly posyandu activities in May 2013. The numbers of sample were 60 respondents who drawn by simple random sampling method. The variabels of this study were the characteristics of respondent, body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio and fasting blood glucose level. The study showed that respondents classified as overweight (38%), obesity (33, 3%), abdominal obesity based on waist circumference (77.8%), abdominal obesity based on waist hip ratio (81,7 %) and blood glucose level more than 125 mg/dl (8.3%). Pearson correlation test showed that there was relationship between body mass index with blood sugar levels (p=0,007; r=0,345), between waist circumference with blood sugar levels (p=0,001; r=0,424) and between waist hip ratio with blood sugar levels (p =0,002; r=0,392). Waist circumference as the strongest factor related to blood glucose level. Waist circumference measurement should be done in elderly posyandu activities to detect high-risk individuals with diabetes. Keywords: Diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, blood glucose level

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THE EFFECT OF RESERPINE ON THE SENSITIVITY OF RATS TO INSULIN AND TOLBUTAMIDE

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y64-002 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 13-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosemary D. Hawkins ◽

Anne L. Crawford ◽

R. E. Haist

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Single Dose ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Test Dose ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Free Running

A single dose of reserpine (1 mg/kg body weight, injected subcutaneously) induced hyperglycaemia which persisted for at least 6 hours in rats kept in slings, but no significant alteration in the level of blood sugar was observed in free-running rats. The administration of a single dose of reserpine to unrestrained rats 3 hours prior to a test dose of insulin (0.5 units/kg body weight intramuscularly) or of tolbutamide (125 mg/kg per os) resulted in a decrease in the sensitivity of the animals to the hypoglycaemic action of these two compounds. Pretreatment with reserpine (1 mg/kg for 2 days) resulted in a failure of a single dose (0.5 mg/kg) of this compound to elevate blood glucose levels, in restrained rats, but such reserpine pretreated animals displayed a decreased hypoglycaemic response to a test dose of insulin.The hyperglycaemia observed in restrained rats following the injection of a single dose of reserpine was still observed in animals from which the pancreas had been completely removed, indicating that the change in blood glucose level in response to reserpine in these animals was not dependent on the presence of a pancreatic factor.

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Study of Correlation between APGAR Scoreand Cord Blood Glucose Level of Neonates at Tertiary Care Hospital

Asian Journal of Clinical Pediatrics and Neonatology ◽

10.47009/ajcpn.2020.8.1.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

Karthik S ◽

Preethi R M ◽

Kumar G V

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Apgar Scores ◽

The Mean ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Cord Blood Glucose

Background: Cord blood biochemical parameter reflects the status of neonate. APGAR score following birth is used for evaluation of the neonate. There is limited data regarding the correlation between APGAR score and cord blood sugar levels.Subjects and Methods:Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase method was used for measuring cord blood sugar levels of 250 randomly selected consecutive samples. At 1 minute and 5 minutes of life the APGAR scores of the newborns were assessed by a single person in order to avoid subjective variability. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS software. Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and overt diabetes were excluded from the study. Result:The mean age of the mothers in the study population was 22.86 years ± 3.465(SD). The mean blood glucose level in the maternal blood was 88.16 mg/dl ± 10.675(SD). The vaginal deliveries were 60.6% and Lower Uterine Caesarean Sections were 39.4 %. The cord blood glucose level had a mean value of 92.48 mg/dl ±21.005 (SD). The mean APGAR scores after 1 minute and 5 minutes of birth were found to be 4.82 ± 1.42(SD) and 7.01 ±1.68 (SD) respectively. Conclusion:The study showed no correlation with cord blood sugar levels and APGAR scores calculated at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life. The study found that neonates were free from complications if the cord blood sugar levels were around 87 mg/dl.

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GAMBARAN KADAR GULA DARAH PUASA PADA LAKI- LAKI USIA 40-59 TAHUN

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.1.2013.1165 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hindri Djakani ◽

Theresia Masinem ◽

Yanti M.` Mewo

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

The Body ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Low Levels ◽

Sugar Levels

Abstract: Glucose is a universal fuel of human cells and functions as a source of carbon for the synthesis of most of other compounds. Blood glucose level is used as a parameter of the successful metabolism in the body. In certain circumstances with respect to the blood glucose levels in the body, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia can occur. The aim of this study was to find out a profile of fasting blood sugar levels (FBS) in males aged 40-59. The method used was consecutive sampling with the number of subjects was as many as 46 males who lived in Malalayang Manado. Of the 46 subjects, there were three who did not meet the criteria. The results of this study showed that four subjects had low levels of FBS, four subjects had high FBS, and 35 subjects had normal FBS. Conclusion: In this study most males aged 40-59 years who lived in Malalayang Manado had normal fasting blood sugar levels. Key words: males, fasting blood sugar Abstrak: Glukosa merupakan bahan bakar universal bagi sel-sel tubuh manusia dan merupakan sumber karbon untuk sintesis sebagian besar senyawa lainnya. Kadar glukosa dipergunakan sebagai parameter keberhasilan metabolisme dalam tubuh. Dalam keadaan tertentu sehubungan dengan kadar glukosa di dalam tubuh, dapat terjadi hipoglikemia atau hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar gula darah puasa (GDP) pada laki-laki berusia 40-59 tahun. Metode yang digunakan ialah consecutive sampling dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 46 orang yang berdomisili di Kecamatan Malalayang Manado. Dari 46 subjek, terdapat tiga orang yang tidak memenuhi criteria. Hasil penelitian memeperlihatkan empat subjek memiliki kadar GDP rendah, empat subjek memiliki kadar GDP tinggi, dan 35 subjek memiliki GDP normal. Simpulan: Dalam penelitian ini sebagian besar laki-laki berusia 40-59 tahun yang berdomisili di Malalayang memiliki kadar gula darah puasa normal. Kata kunci: laki-laki, kadar gula darah puasa

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Waist Circumference as The Strongest Factor Related to Blood Glucose Level

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v2i12014.48-58 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Nenni Septyaningrum ◽

Santi Martini

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Body Mass ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Sugar Levels

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Blood Glucose Levels in Trimester I And II Trimester PROLANIS Patients

Jaringan Laboratorium Medis ◽

10.31983/jlm.v3i1.8004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 56-60

Author(s):

Mahardika Putri Sintya Dewi

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Control Program ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Research Criteria

Blood glucose level checks are generally carried out for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) to establish the diagnosis and monitor therapy and the emergence of complications, thus the progress of the disease can be monitored. Examination of blood glucose levels during or ad random can measure blood glucose levels without measuring the time of the last meal. The puskesmas has a Chronic Disease Control Program (PROLANIS) which aims to encourage participants with chronic illness to achieve optimal quality of life. PROLANIS is held every month by giving drugs and blood glucose checks when, in trimester I prolanis patients high sugar levels should be decreased in trimester II. Objective to find out the description of blood glucose levels when in trimester I and trimester prolanis patients in Banyumas Wangon II Health Center in 2019. Research Methods this study was an observational study with descriptive research criteria with a sample of all PROLANIS patients who examined blood glucose levels. Results the study subjects were 45 PROLANIS patients who were examined for blood glucose levels at the time. The results showed that 6 patients were male (41.31%) and 39 patients were female (58.69%) Conclusion this study shows the results of glucose levels in PROLANIS patients the highest male sex in trimester I was 901 and trimester II was 657, the highest blood glucose level in I trimester I was 1372 and trimester II 841. Compliance with this treatment remained a decline main measure in the process of changing blood glucose levels.

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Effect of nicorandil, on blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic rats and its pharmacodynamic interaction with glibenclamide

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20184850 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 2378

Author(s):

Soni .

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Potassium Channel ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Potassium Channel Opener ◽

Pharmacodynamic Interaction

Background: Diabetes increases the risk of macrovascular complications and is often associated with angina in patient. Currently nicorandil, a potassium channel opener is being frequently used for the prevention and long-term treatment of angina pectoris. Glibenclamide exerts its antidiabetic action by closing the ATP sensitive potassium channels. Simultaneous use of nicorandil may antagonizes this action and may worsens the existing diabetes. To evaluate the pharmacodynamic interaction present study has been taken to study the effect of Nicorandil, a potassium channel opener on blood glucose level of alloxan induced diabetic rats and its pharmacodynamics interaction with Glibenclamide.Methods: Albino rats, weighing 150-200gm of male sex were used for the study. Diabetes was induced by injecting alloxan monohydrate 2% solution intra peritoneally in a dose of 150mg/kg body weight. Animal with Fasting Blood Sugar level between 250-300g/dl was selected for study and they were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Group I- serving as control received 0.5ml normal saline orally for 28 days. Group II was given glibenclamide (0.5mg/kg body wt) for 28 days. Group III was treated orally with nicorandil (0.3mg/kg body wt) for 28 days. Group IV was given glibenclamide (0.5mg/kg) and nicorandil (0.3mg/kg) for 28 days. Fasting Blood Sugar level was recorded in all rats on 1st,3rd,7th,14th,21st and 28th day of the treatments.Results: results showed that glibenclamide significantly reduce blood sugar level (p <0.05) Wherase nicorandil showed rise in blood glucose level (p <0.05) While the combination (glibenclamide + nicorandil) showed rise in blood glucose (p <0.05) overall.Conclusions: Nicorandil worsen the existing diabetes and to be avoided or replaced with alternative drug in case of diabetes being treated with sulfonyl urease group of drugs.

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Association between blood glucose levels and Glasgow Outcome Score in patients with traumatic brain injury: secondary analysis of a randomized trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-022-06005-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tao Yuan ◽

Hongyu He ◽

Yuepeng Liu ◽

Jianwei Wang ◽

Xin Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Threshold Effect ◽

Glasgow Outcome Score ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Average Blood Glucose

Abstract Background Blood glucose levels that are too high or too low after traumatic brain injury (TBI) negatively affect patient prognosis. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between blood glucose levels and the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) in TBI patients. Methods This study was based on a randomized, dual-center, open-label clinical trial. A total of 208 patients who participated in the randomized controlled trial were followed up for 5 years. Information on the disease, laboratory examination, insulin therapy, and surgery for patients with TBI was collected as candidate variables according to clinical importance. Additionally, data on 5-year and 6-month GOS were collected as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. For multivariate analysis, a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate relationships between blood glucose levels and GOS. The results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We further applied a two- piecewise linear regression model to examine the threshold effect of blood glucose level and GOS. Results A total of 182 patients were included in the final analysis. Multivariate GAM analysis revealed that a bell-shaped relationship existed between average blood glucose level and 5-year GOS score or 6-month GOS score. The inflection points of the average blood glucose level were 8.81 (95% CI: 7.43–9.48) mmol/L considering 5-year GOS as the outcome and were 8.88 (95% CI 7.43−9.74) mmol/L considering 6-month GOS score as the outcome. The same analysis revealed that there was also a bell relationship between average blood glucose levels and the favorable outcome group (GOS score ≥ 4) at 5 years or 6 months. Conclusion In a population of patients with traumatic brain injury, blood glucose levels were associated with the GOS. There was also a threshold effect between blood glucose levels and the GOS. A blood glucose level that is either too high or too low conveys a poor prognosis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02161055. Registered on 11 June 2014.

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