scholarly journals Exploring the Effects of Globalization on Silk Weaving Tradition of Bishnupur Region in West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Abhradip Banerjee ◽  
Gopalkrishna Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Production System ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Market Driven

Over the years, increasing concerns among the scholars incline to see the adverse effects of globalization. One of the major reasons for this ever-increasing concern is the gradual infiltration of market-driven production system and global capitalism among different groups of people who earn their living either as wage laborers or artisans. This effect has been most profoundly noted among those whose place is on the fringe of the national economy. Another main reason is that the states are increasingly losing their capacity to govern and to regulate in this increasingly borderless world, where resourceless artisans have become the worst sufferers both in the cultural and economic frontiers. This article attempts to examine the effect that the process of globalization has made among the silk weavers of Bishnupur region in West Bengal, India. It adopts a transformational approach and uses both contextual reading and ethnographic data collected through firsthand fieldwork among the aforesaid community. The ethnography describes the messy and unquantifiable relationship between local actors and the international process.

scholarly journals Behaviour, welfare, and tibia traits of fast- and slow-growing chickens reared in intensive and free range systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghayas ◽  
J. Hussain ◽  
A. Mahmud ◽  
M.H. Jaspal ◽  
H.M. Ishaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Production System ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Slow Growing

The behaviour, welfare, and tibia characteristics of fast- and slow-growing chickens were evaluated in free-range and intensive production systems. A total of 720 birds of three strains were subjected to these systems after 21 days of rearing under the same intensive environment. Each treatment was replicated six times with 20 birds in each replicate. Data were collected for welfare aspects, including feather condition, footpad, hock joint and tonic immobility, behavioural features, especially feeding or foraging, sitting, walking, scratching, pecking and dust-bathing, and tibia characteristics, including weight, length, width, medullary canal diameter and robusticity index (4 - 8 weeks). Production system had significant effects on all welfare and behaviour aspects of the birds. However, tibia characteristics were not influenced by production system, except for medullary canal diameter. The strains differed significantly in welfare, tibia characteristics and behaviour. For example, the slow-growing strains had better feather condition,  footpad and hock joint scores. Significant interactions of strain and production system were noted for all characteristics. It was recommended that Rhode Island Red chickens could be raised under either production system without compromising their welfare or causing adverse effects on leg health.

Farmers’ Perception towards Transformation of Rice-based Cropping System intoTea Garden

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Monirul Haque ◽  
S. K. Acharya ◽  
Barsha Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Biodiversity Restoration ◽  
Market Driven

Transformation of agricultural lands into non-farm lands or plantations has got tremendousecological chaos and ripples. Northern part of West Bengal is undergoing rapid changes inrural areas where new opportunities are emerging in the form of demand-driven and market-driven agriculture. Due to persistent low returns from traditional rice cultivation, thetransformation of paddy fields into tea gardens has been a recent trend for this part ofWest Bengal. The present study has been conducted by selecting purposively three blocksfrom Alipurduar district and sixty respondents through random sampling, those who havealready transformed their crop field into tea gardens from these blocks. The farmers’perception towards transformation is taken as dependent variable along with a score offourteen independent variables. The responses are collected through a structured interviewschedule. The study envisaged that the farmers’ education level, number of family membersengaged in the garden, their economic motivation, sources of information, risk orientationbehaviour and distance from the tea processing factory showed significant contributiontowards the transformation behaviour. The future impact of such transformation on theecological dynamics in terms of livelihood, biodiversity restoration and ecological resiliencecan be brought under policy frameworks.

scholarly journals Using Agrochemicals in Farming and Its Ecological Impact in Rural Areas in Eastern Bankura of West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Moumita Dey Gupta ◽  
F. H. Rahman ◽  
Kalyan Mitra ◽  
Arup Dey ◽  
Shubhadip Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Socioeconomic Variables ◽  
Key Informant

United Nations Hunger Task Force listed eight goals and conservation of nature and protection of environment is one of them. Different practices involved in use of agrochemicals like mishandling, indiscriminate use, disposal could have adverse health and environmental impact. This experiment was done in eight selected villages of Sonamukhi block in Bankura district of West Bengal with the main objectives of assessing the knowledge and practices regarding agrochemicals stewardship role performed at the end user level i.e. farmers; exploring the farmers perceptions of agrochemical use and its potential adverse effects on health and identifying socioeconomic variables which influence this role and perception. Two types of Methodology involved in this study among which participatory types are cross sectional survey, focus group discussions, key informant interviews along with descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Analysis. Pesticides which are highly hazardous according to WHO report, are very much in use for different purposes in the study area. All total of 300 farmers were interviewed, among them 20% stored agrochemicals in their homes prior to usage. Eighty percent of the respondents do not use anything to mix the chemicals and they do it bare hand, Unsafe dispose of empty sacs or containers of agrochemicals found in 40% of the respondents and whereas almost 25% of the respondents reused containers/sacks to store materials at homes. A minimal number of them i.e. only 5% of the respondents used sufficient personal protective equipment during application of agrochemicals. Participatory and bottom-up approaches like focus group discussion and key informant interviews divulged that awareness and perception regarding adverse effects of agrochemicals is moderate among the participants. The practice of handling of agrochemicals without proper protection and unsafe disposal of pesticide containers appears to be widely prevalent in the study villages. It was found the though respondent possess moderate knowledge of health and environmental hazard but the implementation of this perceived knowledge is very low. Among the different socioeconomic variables age and size of land holding has negative but significant, whereas education has shown positive and significant correlation with the use of Personal Protective Equipment. A holistic program for increasing awareness for safe management, handling and disposal of pesticides among both users and agricultural input dealers is required to address this important health and environmental problem.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS OF SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT ENTERPRISES OF A REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-672
Author(s):  
A.V. Ovchinnikova
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Production System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The article outlines the role of division of labor, “production chains”, provides an algorithm of their differentiation by the degree of importance for the national economy, and clarifies the following concepts: “systemically important enterprise:”, “regionally-oriented production system”. Classification of quantitative and qualitative criteria of selection of systemically important enterprises on a regional level, as well as aggregation of state support measures for this category of enterprises in crisis conditions are the important outcomes of the research. The relevance of the study lies in refining the structure of a production chain and in proposed methodological tools for mapping the economic system to identify strategically important production chains of a region and their elements. Using the economy of the Udmurt Republic as an example, the mechanism of forming the list of systemically important enterprises is considered. This made it possible to assess its relevance in terms of the representation of economic entities by industry, scale of activity, and degree of participation in value creation. The following conclusions were also drawn: quantitative indicators do not determine the role of an enterprise in the economy; qualitative indicators should describe economic entities from the point of view of their role in the reproduction circuit, the innovation process, the uniqueness of the production system, the costs of reconstruction, the activity circuit, the orientation and intensity of communication, and the requirements for personnel. The practical importance of the work consists in creation of theoretical basis of improvement of legal and regulatory support of the process of determination of the national economy system agents, increase of efficiency of state interventionism in crisis conditions.

scholarly journals Outsourcing Outreach: ‘Counter-translation’ of Outreach Activities at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia

2021 ◽  
pp. 186810342110587
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kent
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Khmer Rouge ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Khmer Rouge Regime ◽  
Over Time

This article examines the outreach activities of the ongoing trials in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC). The ECCC was designed to hold the leaders of Cambodia's notoriously violent Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979) accountable. Outreach programmes have now become part of transitional justice initiatives as means to anchor their work in local and national consciousness in target countries. Using ethnographic data gathered in 2019–2020, this article explores how outreach activities have changed over time as they have become subject to new influences. I focus in particular on how some local actors have begun appropriating them in ways that represent a ‘counter-translation’ of the intentions originally propagated by the architects of the ECCC.

scholarly journals Arsenic Exposure through Drinking Water and its Effect on Pregnancy Outcome in Bengali Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaydip Sen ◽  
Asit Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
The State ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater

Arsenic Exposure through Drinking Water and its Effect on Pregnancy Outcome in Bengali WomenTwelve districts of the state of West Bengal, India are affected by arsenic (As) and millions of individuals are consuming As-contaminated groundwater. The probable adverse effects of As on pregnancy outcome (stillbirth and miscarriage) are yet to be properly studied. The present investigation is an attempt to understand the effects of As exposure on the pregnancy outcome in Bengali women exposed to As through drinking water and residing in different villages in North 24 Parganas District of West Bengal. The results show a significantly higher rate of stillbirths and miscarriages than those in the unexposed population.

The Influence of Specimen Thickness in Quantitative Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 112-113
Author(s):  
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Light Element ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

The application of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to light element analysis is rapidly becoming an important aspect of the microcharacterization of solids in materials science, however relatively stringent requirements exist on the specimen thickness under which one can obtain EELS data due to the adverse effects of multiple inelastic scattering.1,2 This study was initiated to determine the limitations on quantitative analysis of EELS data due to specimen thickness.

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