scholarly journals Creating Narrative Entertainment for Health Communication: Perspectives from Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 097325862199284
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Hursting ◽  
Maria Leonora G. Comello
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Narrative Development ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Universal Themes ◽  
Depth Interviews

This project aimed to explore the perspectives of entertainment industry and health communication practitioners in the United States on creating health storylines in entertainment programming. These dual perspectives are usually not studied in tandem but together offer insights into the creation of impactful health-related narratives. In-depth interviews were conducted with entertainment industry and health professionals ( N = 6) who are experienced in creating health storylines. Questions aimed to illuminate how practitioners define ‘success’ of a health storyline, what they perceive as key elements for impactful health storylines, how key story elements are created and the nature of collaboration between the entertainment industry and public health. Grounded theory analysis identified three core themes for the successful combination of narrative entertainment and health: choosing teams with complementary strengths (e.g., leveraging professional collaboration and trust), knowing your audience (e.g., conducting formative research to understand who the story is intended for and why) and integrating health content in authentic ways (e.g., telling dramatic stories with universal themes, without creating from the intent of relaying health information). Best-practice guidelines for narrative entertainment to communicate about health, informed by the core themes and persuasion theory, are offered for narrative development, pre-production, content creation and dissemination.

Health Communication: Implications for Diverse Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Amy Hasselkus
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Care Decisions ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Health Related

The need for improved communication about health-related topics is evident in statistics about the health literacy of adults living in the United States. The negative impact of poor health communication is huge, resulting in poor health outcomes, health disparities, and high health care costs. The importance of good health communication is relevant to all patient populations, including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Efforts are underway at all levels, from individual professionals to the federal government, to improve the information patients receive so that they can make appropriate health care decisions. This article describes these efforts and discusses how speech-language pathologists and audiologists may be impacted.

Using wearable cameras to investigate health-related daily life experiences: A literature review of precautions and risks in empirical studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 174701612110540
Author(s):  
Laurel E Meyer ◽  
Lauren Porter ◽  
Meghan E Reilly ◽  
Caroline Johnson ◽  
Salman Safir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Wearable Cameras ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related

Automated, wearable cameras can benefit health-related research by capturing accurate and objective information about individuals’ daily experiences. However, wearable cameras present unique privacy- and confidentiality-related risks due to the possibility of the images capturing identifying or sensitive information from participants and third parties. Although best practice guidelines for ethical research with wearable cameras have been published, limited information exists on the risks of studies using wearable cameras. The aim of this literature review was to survey risks related to using wearable cameras, and precautions taken to reduce those risks, as reported in empirical research. Forty-five publications, comprising 36 independent studies, were reviewed, and findings revealed that participants’ primary concerns with using wearable cameras included physical inconvenience and discomfort in certain situations (e.g. public settings). None of the studies reviewed reported any serious adverse events. Although it is possible that reported findings do not include all risks experienced by participants in research with wearable cameras, our findings suggest a low level of risk to participants. However, it is important that investigators adopt recommended precautions, which can promote autonomy and reduce risks, including participant discomfort.

Abstract 247: STEMI 365: Creating a Yearlong Program to Reduce Cardiac Recidivism After STEMI

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ryczek ◽  
David Burt
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Post Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
The Creation

Survivors of myocardial infarctions are at increased risk of recurrent infarctions and have an annual death rate of 5%, six times that in people of the same age who do not have coronary heart disease. Despite the existence of published interventions and clinical recommendations aimed at secondary and tertiary prevention their application and adherence statistics in post-myocardial infarction patients are woeful. The objective of this paper is to detail the creation of a template curriculum that gives best practice recommendations to post STEMI patients in an effort to reduce recidivism by combining current medical methodology with lessons learned from other fields currently addressing the problem of recidivism and relapse. STEMI 365 is a yearlong program that aims to reduce cardiac recidivism in STEMI survivors. STEMI 365 is composed of three parts: best practice guidelines, evaluation toolkit, and template curriculum. The best practice guidelines document is broken into sections on cardiac rehabilitation, lifestyle modification, drug therapy, patient follow-up and screening, and patient education. All guidelines are informed by the latest recommendations and research in the fields of medicine and relapse prevention. The evaluation toolkit is composed of the cardiac recidivism risk tool, the self-evaluation tool, and the global evaluation tool. The goal of the toolkits is to guide resource allocation by understanding a patient’s unique cardiac recidivism risk, internal sources of potential relapse, and external sources of potential relapse. The Federal Post Conviction Risk Assessment developed by the Administrative Office of the United States Courts informs the toolkits’ construction. The template curriculum is a summation of the programs and interventions that can be utilized by a health system to decrease cardiac recidivism in STEMI survivors. The curriculum addresses one year of time divided into three phases: inpatient, outpatient, and maintenance. The interventions rage in scope from training a patient’s family members in bystander CPR to the creation of a centralized patient monitoring program and post-myocardial infarction clinic. Each phase combines the best modalities in treatment found in the fields of post-myocardial infarction care, hospital re-admission prevention, substance abuse relapse prevention, scholastic dropout prevention, and criminal justice. Personal interviews were conducted with leaders in each field to ensure the correct application of their methodologies. STEMI 365 provides tools to identify patients at highest risk of cardiovascular relapse, to apply local and regional resources in an effective way based on patient risk, and to customize interventions to a health system’s available resources. STEMI 365 is beginning an application phase at this institution, and will be available to other health systems in the near future.

Harm Reduction Services in Ottawa: The Culture of Drug Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-202
Author(s):  
Marlene Haines ◽  
Patrick O'Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Depth Interviews

Between January 2016 and June 2019, there were over 13,900 apparent opioid-related deaths in Canada, solidifying the need for appropriate and effective services for people who use drugs (PWUD). Within government initiatives and policies, PWUD are often inappropriately considered a homogeneous group of individuals, with implementation of services nationally often being guided by these governmental bodies without meaningful consultation and collaboration with PWUD. However, recent harm reduction research and best practice guidelines have emphasized the importance of tailoring services to local drug scenes. Despite this, very little research on the cultural norms of PWUD exists in the literature. In an attempt to explore the local culture of drug use in Ottawa, a literature review ultimately uncovered very few articles on this topic. However, by expanding the search beyond Ottawa and using a social determinants of health framework, the factors of culture, income and social status, physical environment, and access to services were revealed as unique experiences for PWUD. Further, through four in-depth interviews with current harm reduction providers in Ottawa, the themes of (1) uncertainty and concerns surrounding the overdose crisis; (2) lack of flexibility in resources and access issues; and (3) diversity in the culture of drug use in Ottawa were explored. Recommendations surrounding partnering with PWUD, policy changes, and a safer supply were subsequently discussed. These findings helped to validate the reality of the unique drug-use culture in Ottawa, and the requirement for harm reduction services to be adapted to the local needs of PWUD.

scholarly journals Forensic Anthropology as a Discipline

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Nicholas V. Passalacqua ◽  
Marin A. Pilloud ◽  
Derek Congram
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Standards Of Practice ◽  
Current State ◽  
Training Standards ◽  
Specialist Knowledge

This paper explores the current state of forensic anthropology in the United States as a distinct discipline. Forensic anthropology has become increasingly specialized and the need for strengthened professionalization is becoming paramount. This includes a need for clearly defined qualifications, training, standards of practice, certification processes, and ethical guidelines. Within this discussion, the concept of expertise is explored in relation to professionalization and practice, as both bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology have different areas of specialist knowledge, and therefore unique expertise. As working outside one’s area of expertise is an ethical violation, it is important for professional organizations to outline requisite qualifications, develop standards and best practice guidelines, and enforce robust preventive ethical codes in order to serve both their professional members and relevant stakeholders.

Suicides in Australia following media reports of the death of Robin Williams

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
Dianne Currier ◽  
Lay San Too ◽  
Marc Bryant ◽  
Sara Bartlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Time Series Regression ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Future Revision ◽  
Reporting Recommendations

Objective: This study assessed the extent to which local reporting of Robin Williams’ suicide (on 11 August 2014) was associated with suicide in Australia. It followed several studies in the United States which showed that there were significant increases in suicide following media reports of Williams’ death and that those media reports were less than optimal in terms of adherence to best-practice guidelines. In a previous study, we demonstrated that Australian media reports of Williams’ suicide were largely adherent with our Mindframe guidelines on responsible reporting of suicide, so we speculated that there would be no increase in suicide following the reporting of Williams’ suicide in Australia. Method: We extracted data on Australian suicides from the National Coroners Information System for the period 2001 to 2016. We conducted interrupted time series regression analyses to determine whether there were changes in suicides in the 5-month period immediately following Williams’ suicide. Results: Our hypothesis that there would be no increase in suicides in Australia following Williams’ highly publicised suicide was not supported. There was an 11% increase in suicides in the 5-month period following Williams’ death, largely accounted for by men aged 30–64 and by people who died by hanging (the method Williams used). Conclusion: It may be that Australians were exposed to reports that contravened safe reporting recommendations, particularly via overseas media or social media, and/or that some Australian reports may have had unhelpful overarching narratives, despite largely adhering to the Mindframe guidelines. The Mindframe guidelines constitute international best practice but consideration should be given to whether certain recommendations within them should be further reinforced and whether more nuanced information about how stories should be framed could be provided. Future revision and augmentation of the Mindframe guidelines should, as always, involve media professionals.

scholarly journals Crowdsourcing for Research: Perspectives From a Delphi Panel

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402098075
Author(s):  
H. Bassi ◽  
L. Misener ◽  
A. M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique

Crowdsourcing, an open call for the public to collaborate and participate in problem solving, has been increasingly employed as a method in health-related research studies. Various reviews of the literature across different disciplines found crowdsourcing being used for data collection, processing, and analysis as well as tasks such as problem solving, data processing, surveillance/monitoring, and surveying. Studies on crowdsourcing tend to focus on its use of software, technology and online platforms, or its application for the purposes previously noted. There is need for further exploration to understand how best to use crowdsourcing for research, as there is limited guidance for researchers who are undertaking crowdsourcing for the purposes of scientific study. Numerous authors have identified gaps in research related to crowdsourcing, including a lack of decision aids to assist researchers using crowdsourcing, and best-practice guidelines. This exploratory study looks at crowdsourcing as a research method by understanding how and why it is being used, through application of a modified Delphi technique. It begins to articulate how crowdsourcing is applied in practice by researchers, and its alignment with existing research methods. The result is a conceptual framework for crowdsourcing, developed within traditional and existing research approaches as a first step toward its use in research.

Assessment of Co-Occurring Substance Use During Opiate Treatment Programs in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirinda Ann Gormley ◽  
Courtney T Blondino ◽  
DaShaunda D H Taylor ◽  
Elizabeth Lowery ◽  
James S Clifford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Polydrug Use ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Opiate Treatment

Abstract The effectiveness of opiate treatment programs (OTPs) can be significantly influenced by co-occurring substance use, yet there are no standardized guidelines for assessing the influence of co-occurring substance use on treatment outcomes. In this review, we aim to provide an overview on the status of the assessment of co-occurring substance use during participation in OTPs in the United States. We searched 4 databases—MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)—from database inception to November 2018 to select relevant publications on OTPs that assessed participants’ co-occurring substance use. We used a standardized protocol to extract study, intervention, and co-occurring substance use characteristics. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Of the 3,219 titles screened, 614 abstracts and 191 full-text original publications were assessed, leaving 85 eligible articles. Co-occurring substance use was most often assessed during opioid treatments using combined (pharmacological and behavioral) (n = 57 studies) and pharmacological (n = 25 studies) interventions. Cocaine, alcohol, marijuana, and benzodiazepines were frequently measured, while amphetamines and tobacco were rarely assessed. Great variation existed between studies in the timing and measurement of co-occurring substance use, as well as definitions for substances and polysubstance/polydrug use. Inconsistencies in the investigation of co-occurring substance use make comparison of results across studies challenging. Standardized measures and consensus on research on co-occurring substance use is needed to produce the evidence required to develop personalized treatment programs for persons using multiple substances and to inform best-practice guidelines for addressing polydrug use during participation in OTPs.

Prostitution and Migrant Smuggling Networks Operating between Central America, Mexico, and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simón Pedro Izcara Palacios
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
The Past ◽  
Migrant Smuggling ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Depth Interviews

During the past five years, a process of specialization has taken place in migrant smuggling networks that has led to the strengthening of those focused on transporting women. The reasons are that migrant women have been less affected than men by the violence in Mexico and that the adult entertainment industry pays the highest prices for irregular migrants. In-depth interviews with procurers, smugglers, and women from Central America describe the operation of the networks for the smuggling of women for prostitution operating between Central America, Mexico, and the United States and indicate that the recruitment of women is usually not coercive and that the employment of minors is more frequent in the United States than in Mexico. En los últimos cinco años se ha producido un proceso de especialización de las redes de tráfico de migrantes que ha conducido a un fortalecimiento de aquellas que transportan mujeres. Esto se debe a dos motivos: Las mujeres migrantes se han visto menos afectadas que los hombres por la violencia en México, y la industria del entretenimiento adulto es la que más paga por los migrantes irregulares. Entrevistas en profundidad con proxenetas, traficantes de mujeres y mujeres de Centroamérica describen el funcionamiento de las redes de tráfico de mujeres empleadas en el sector de la prostitución que operan entre Centroamérica, México y Estados Unidos y concluyen que el reclutamiento de mujeres no se produce de modo coercitivo y el empleo de menores es mayor en Estados Unidos que en México.

scholarly journals In This Issue—Making Home Birth Even Safer for Mothers and Babies

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Lothian
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Statement ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Strategic Initiatives ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Planned Home Birth

ABSTRACTThere is research that supports the safety of planned home birth for healthy women, and more women in the United States are choosing to give birth at home. Strategic initiatives developed at the Home Birth Summit in 2011 address issues related to planned home birth including integration into the health system. This editorial discusses the ongoing work on these initiatives including the development and endorsement of best practice guidelines for safe transfer from home to hospital. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists revised policy statement on home birth calls for the integration of home birth into the health system. This is an important step in making home birth even safer for mothers and babies.

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