Heterogeneous Causality Between Telecommunications and Economic Growth: An Application of Hurlin–Venet Process to the Indian States

2021 ◽  
pp. 097493062110589
Author(s):  
Rochna Arora ◽  
Baljit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
State Level ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship

Keeping in mind the importance of telecommunications sector for India especially post the reform of 1991, the study seeks to study the causal relationship between telecommunication and economic growth for selected panel of 17 Indian states by implicitly taking into account panel heterogeneity. Using Hurlin–Venet causal mechanism, the study investigates homogeneous causality (HC) as against heterogeneous causality (HEC). Homogeneous non-causality and HC hypothesis both of which assume homogeneity are rejected in both the directions thereby implying that Indian panel is made up of heterogeneous cross sections. After this HEC tests are conducted namely heterogeneous non-causality (HENC) and HEC for each and every cross section. The results from HENC and HEC test show that six states show up unidirectional causality from economic growth to telecommunication, four states show unidirectional causality from telecommunications to economic growth, four states show up bidirectional relationship and three states show up no causality. The results are robust to different lags for both our dependent as well as independent variables. This implies that state level differences are very much relevant for India and thus policies suitable for each state would be guided majorly by direction of relationship that is true in a particular state economy. JEL Classification: C23, L96, O40

scholarly journals Absolute Photoionization Cross Sections of the Acceptor State Level of Chromium in Indium Phosphide

1985 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Bremond ◽  
G. Guillot ◽  
A. Nouailhat ◽  
G. Picoli
Keyword(s):  
Indium Phosphide ◽  
Conduction Band ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Selection Rule ◽  
Deep Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Acceptor State ◽  
Internal Transition ◽  
Resonant Character

AbstractWe have analyzed the photoionization of Cr2+ in InP by the Deep Level Optical Spectroscopy (D.L.O.S.). The σ°n cross section exhibits both a resonant and non resonant character. The former corresponds to the internal transition 5T2-5E of Cr2+ while the threshold of the second allows us to locate the Cr2+/Cr3+ level below the conduction band. The absolute photoionization cross sections towards the two bands are very similar. In particular no selection rule seems to work.

scholarly journals Economic Growth and Negative Externalities in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Dhananjaya K
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Of late the world has realized that the growth models that believed in growth- environment tradeoff are not sustainable. In the pursuit of increasing their GDP, countries have ignored the negative externalities of growth, which would seriously threaten the survival of the future generation. Two kinds of damage are caused by unsustainable growth. Firstly, productive base, particularly, natural capital, like forest, minerals, energy, is depleting. Secondly, environmental pollution and climate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions are threatening human lives in terms of deteriorating health conditions and increasing temperature level (OECD, 2012). In the light of these concerns, sustainable development has become an important goal of nations. This study attempts to assess the extent of negative externalities in India and analyze the relationship between negative externalities and growth of GNI. The study finds that the economic growth of India is more sustainable as compared to all income categories countries. Further, the analysis detected a bidirectional relationship between negative externalities and GNI growth in the post-1990s. Keywords: Negative Externalities, Sustainable Development, and Genuine Saving Rate. JEL Classification: Q560

Assessing the Impact of Income Inequality on Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Simon Kuznets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Perspective

The nature of the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, first formalised by Simon Kuznets in 1950, has come under much debate of late. At present, one understanding of this relationship is that given by what Oded Galor called the ‘modern perspective’, which, pointing the direction of causation from income inequality to economic growth asserts that the former imposes a significantly negative influence on the latter. To investigate the same in the context of India, subsequently, this study adopts the typical cross-country approach taken by other studies in this area and estimates the nature of the aforementioned relationship across a cross-section of Indian states. The results, however, disappointingly contrary to the ‘modern perspective’, show a strong significant positive impact of the existence of inequality on growth rates of Indian states, which, if anything, statistically asserts the existence of a trade-off between the two. JEL Classification: D63, O10, O40, O47

scholarly journals IMPACT OF EDUCATION TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD IN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Maudytia Rismalasari Prabowo ◽  
Dominicus Savio Priyarsono ◽  
Mutiara Probokawuryan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

<span class="fontstyle0">Poverty is one of the most crucial problems in Indonesia which is the fifth city in South-East Asia, have a poverty line around 11.2% in 2014 (BPS 2016). Moreover, poverty in Indonesia has decreased slowly from 2000 (19.1%) until 2016 (10.9%) (Smeru, 2015). It means poverty in Indonesia should be accelerated the decline. One of the things that can reduce poverty is education (Gounder and Xing 2012). Education has a relationship with household consumption per capita. That means, the higher the education of household head, the higher the consumption per capita that household get. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of education on poverty as measured by household's consumption in West Indonesia in 2014. This study uses Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) methods with cross-section data and obtained from IFLS (Indonesia Family Life Survey). The result shows that there is a relationship between education and other independent variables on poverty. The independent variables that significantly affect poverty are age, age squared, gender, and marital status. The implication of this study is education can increase the number of consumption per capita so that the living standard will increase and poverty will decrease.<br /><br /></span><span class="fontstyle2">JEL Classification: </span><span class="fontstyle0">I20, I21, I25<br /><br /></span><span class="fontstyle2">Keywords</span><span class="fontstyle0">: consumption per capita, cross section, education, Two Stage Least Square, poverty.</span>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Tenaga Kerja, IPM Dan Kemiskinan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kabupaten Kota Di Jawa Timur Tahun 2014-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Budi Prayitno ◽  
Renta Yustie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Growth Economic

The progress and development of a region’s economic development can be measured using economic growth. Economic growth can be influenced through labor, HDI, and poverty so that it can have an impact on the economic growth of a region. This study uses independent variables are labor, HDI, and poverty. Dependent variable in this study is economic growth. Times serries this study are 2014-2018 and cross section this study in district and city at Jawa Timur Province. This study used panel methode and used multiple linier regresion. The result from the study is aimed variables labor, HDI, and poverty have a significan impact to economic growth. Economic Growth can grows well if labor and HDI are in positive condition, and poverty is in a decreasing condition.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Kemiskinan di Propinsi NTT: Pendekatan Dua Panel

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Rosdianawaty Hatta ◽  
Rifki Khoirudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Independent Variables

This study aims to analyze the effect of the human development index, unemployment, economic growth and duration of education on poverty rate of population in the Province of NTT. Secondary data used in the form of time series for the period 2011-2017 and cross sections for 22 city/regency of NTT. Eviews 9 is used to analyze the panel data. The results showed the human development index had a negative and significant effect on poverty rate; unemployment rate has a positive but unsignificant effect on poverty rate; economic growth has a negative but unsignificant effect on poverty rate; and, duration of education has a positive and significant effect on poverty rate. Simultaneously, the four independent variables have a significant effect on poverty. The determination analysis stated that the independent variables used have a relatively large ability to explain changes that occur in the poverty rate of the population in NTT Province.

scholarly journals Commitment in WAQF Development through Cross-Sector Collaboration between Islamic Financial Institutions and State Islamic Religious Councils: Innovative Strategy of Value-Based Intermediation for Sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Siti Sara Binti Ibrahim ◽  
Abd Halim Mohd Noor ◽  
Shafinar Ismail ◽  
Roshayani Arshad ◽  
Mohd Ali Muhamad Don
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Societal Welfare ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions

Objective - Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) are founded upon principles of encouraging economic wellbeing for the betterment of society. Despite this, fresh measures are required to ascertain the sustainability of IFIs due to the deterioration recorded in annual rate growth levels that has slumped to 8.2% in 2016, compared to 24.2% in 2011. Similarly, waqf, which aims to contribute to socio-economic growth, appears to underperform due to inefficient management and lack of resources from State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) in Malaysia. Therefore, growing attention is given to adding value to related operations so as to continuously expand without undermining their obligation towards societal welfare. Methodology/Technique - In responding to this issue, Value-Based Intermediation (VBI) through a cross-sector collaboration strategy has been proposed in this paper to streamline the investments of IFIs in executing their business responsibilities in a strategic manner, especially to generate sustainable socio-economic growth through waqf development projects. Nonetheless, in order to strategically perform in project collaboration for sustainability, strong commitment from IFIs and SIRCs is needed. Findings - A significantly positive relationship was discovered between the independent variables (affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuous commitment) and organisational sustainability. Novelty – The paper concludes with an assumption of the readiness of both organisations in effectively developing waqf projects, along with several recommendations for future studies in further contributing to the success of waqf development which will contribute to organisational sustainability. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: G20, G21, G29. JEL Classification: Islamic Financial Institutions; State Islamic Religious Councils; Strategic Collaboration; Sustainability; Value Based Intermediation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2019.4.1(4)

Electron Irradiation Effects in Polyoxymethylene Crystals Grown Inside Trioxane Crystals

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
J. P. Colson ◽  
D. H. Reneker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Irradiation Effects ◽  
Threefold Axis ◽  
Typical Sample ◽  
Polymer Crystals ◽  
Chain Axis

Polyoxymethylene (POM) crystals grow inside trioxane crystals which have been irradiated and heated to a temperature slightly below their melting point. Figure 1 shows a low magnification electron micrograph of a group of such POM crystals. Detailed examination at higher magnification showed that three distinct types of POM crystals grew in a typical sample. The three types of POM crystals were distinguished by the direction that the polymer chain axis in each crystal made with respect to the threefold axis of the trioxane crystal. These polyoxymethylene crystals were described previously.At low magnifications the three types of polymer crystals appeared as slender rods. One type had a hexagonal cross section and the other two types had rectangular cross sections, that is, they were ribbonlike.

A quantitative approach to inner shell losses

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 526-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
D.F. Mayers
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Background Intensity ◽  
Core Excitation ◽  
Quantitative Basis ◽  
Cross Section Differential ◽  
Bound Electrons

Microanalysis by EELS has been developing rapidly and though the general form of the spectrum is now understood there is a need to put the technique on a more quantitative basis (1,2). Certain aspects important for microanalysis include: (i) accurate determination of the partial cross sections, σx(α,ΔE) for core excitation when scattering lies inside collection angle a and energy range ΔE above the edge, (ii) behavior of the background intensity due to excitation of less strongly bound electrons, necessary for extrapolation beneath the signal of interest, (iii) departures from the simple hydrogenic K-edge seen in L and M losses, effecting σx and complicating microanalysis. Such problems might be approached empirically but here we describe how computation can elucidate the spectrum shape.The inelastic cross section differential with respect to energy transfer E and momentum transfer q for electrons of energy E0 and velocity v can be written as

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document