Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Child Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hokama ◽  
M. Gushi Ken ◽  
N. Nosoko
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Developmental Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

A developmental test was carried out to evaluate the effect of iron deficiency anaemia on child development by using Bailey Scale of Infant Development (BSID) and Enjoji Scale of Infant Analytical development (ESID). The subjects were 54 children, divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 infants with anaemia; Group 2: 10 infants with a past history of anaemia and Group 3: 29 healthy normal infants without anaemia formed the control group. The characteristics of infants and their family background were not different among the three groups except for the male/female ratio. The mean mental developmental index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) of Group 1 and Group 2 were lower than that of control group using the BSID test. The mean speech development quotients of Group 1 and Group 2 were lower than that of control group in ESID. These tendencies were observed after subjects were stratified by sex. Therefore, the results of the study suggests that iron deficiency anaemia may affect child development especially speech development. Asia Pac J Public Health 2005: 17(1): 19-21.

scholarly journals The Utility of Capsule Endoscopy in Patients under 50 Years of Age with Recurrent Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Is the Juice Worth the Squeeze?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhjot Singh Sidhu ◽  
Mark E. McAlindon ◽  
Kaye Drew ◽  
Reena Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Significant Pathology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background and Aims. The role of capsule endoscopy (CE) in the <50 years of age patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) remains unclear. We aim to assess its utility in this cohort.Methods. All patients referred for CE for recurrent IDA were included retrospectively. Patients were divided into Group 1 (<50 years) and Group 2 (≥50 years).Results. There were 971 patients with recurrent IDA and 28% belonged to Group 1. The mean age was 40 years in this group with a DY of 28% (n=76). Significant diagnoses included erosions and ulcers (26%;n=71), small bowel (SB) angioectasia (AE) (10%;n=27), SB tumours (3%;n=7), Crohn’s disease (3%;n=7), SB bowel strictures (1%;n=3), and SB varices (1%;n=2). On logistic regression, the presence of diabetes (P=0.02) and the use of warfarin (P=0.049) was associated with increased DY. The DY in Group 2 was 38% which was significantly higher than in Group 1 (P=0.02). While SB tumours were equally common in both groups, AE was commoner in Group 2 (P<0.001).Conclusion. A significant proportion of patients <50 years are referred for CE. Although the DY is lower compared to those ≥50 years, significant pathology is found in this age group. CE is advisable in patients <50 years old with recurrent IDA and negative bidirectional endoscopies.

scholarly journals A study on influence of iron deficiency anaemia over HbA1c levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Sankar Kalairajan ◽  
Vijaya Durairaj K. ◽  
Malathy A. R.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ethnic Variations ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a glycated form of haemoglobin reflects average plasma glucose over the previous 8 to 12 weeks. HbA1c can be affected by multiple non-glycaemic parameters. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one among them which is the most common type of anaemia in India. However, reports on the effects of iron deficiency anaemia on HbA1c levels are inconsistent. Hence we conducted a study to find out the influence of iron deficiency anaemia over HbA1c levels.  Methods: 120 patients confirmed to have iron deficiency anaemia were enrolled in this study. HbA1c levels were measured at baseline and 3 months after treatment, and these values were compared with those in the control population.Results: The mean baseline HbA1c level in anaemic patients (4.62%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.45%, P<0.001). A significant increase was observed in the patients HbA1c levels at 3 months after treatment (5.82%, P<0.001). There was a significant correlation observed between haemoglobin and HbA1c level (Coefficient of correlation=0.26, P<0.01) in the study group before correction.Conclusions: In contrast to the observations of previous studies, ours showed that HbA1c levels increased with treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. This could be attributable to nutritional deficiency, racial-ethnic variations and/or certain unknown variables. Further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals A study to assess the effectiveness of honey dates amla mix on biochemical markers among adolescent girls with Iron deficiency anaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2288-2293
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneswari G.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

WHO Global Database on Anaemia for 1993-2005, covering almost half of the world’s population, estimated the prevalence of anaemia worldwide at 25 per cent.The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of honey dates amla mix on biochemical markers among adolescent girls with Iron deficiency anaemia. Quantitative experimental and control group pre and post-test design was used in this study. The study was conducted among adolescent girls in two different residential homes. Total study population is 170 adolescent girls were selected by simple random sampling technique. 85 adolescents girls were assigned to the experimental group and 85 participants in control group. For experimental group honey dates amla mix was given for 3 months whereas in  the control group iron and folic acid supplementation were provided. The study results shows that pre and post-test intervention scores of control and experimental group were compared by Wilcoxon scores rank test. Comparison of pre-test and post-test scores of severity of anemia, clinical variables, and level of fatigue and level of satisfaction, bio chemical parameters (reticulocytes, MCV, haematocrite, serum iron, serum ferritin, TIBC) were assessed in both experimental and control group. Between the experimental and control group (unpaired‘t’ test) reticulocytes, mcv, heamatocrite, serum iron serum ferritin showed significant changes in the pre test and post-test but there is no changes in TIBC. The study concluded that alternative nutritional therapy was effective for enhancing the blood heamoglobin & biochemical paramteres level, decreased the clinical variables and fatigue level among the adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Iron Status, Haemoglobin and Protein Levels of Pregnant Women in Owerri Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
I. L. Okoroiwu ◽  
Jane Ugochi Chinedu-Madu ◽  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
C. C. N. Vincent ◽  
O. M. T. B. Ochiabuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The study was done to determine iron status, haemoglobin and protein levels of pregnant women in owerri metropolis. A total of 100 pregnant women were recruited for this study. The mean Hb levels in group 1, group 2, and group 3· were 12.00±1.68g/dl, 10.06±1.J4g/dl and 10.96±1.19g/dl respectively. The mean Serum ferritin level of group 1 was 67.00±88.38ng/ml, group 2, 52.48±52.47ng/ml and group 3, 51.26±48.70ng/ml. The mean Serum iron in group 1, 2 and 3 were 46.72±16.41 g/dl, 79.59±63.24 g/dl and 83.35±53.04 g/dl respectively. In group 1, 2 and 3 the mean results. ( g/dl) of TIBC were 295.58 ± 109.53, 324.06 ± 178.00 and 319.88 ± 92.95 and % T.S (%) were 18.78 ± 11.77,26.59 ± 19.40 and 17.97 ± 10.87 percent respectively. The mean total protein was group 1,6.83±l1.77g/dl, group 2,6.39±0.70g/dl and group 3, 6.39 ±0.98 g/dl while the mean albumin (g/dl) in group 1, 2 and 3 were 4.84±0.47, 4.13±0.28 and 4.14±0.29 respectively. The mean values of globulin (g/dl) were 1.98 ± 0.91, 2.29 ± 0.87 and 1.89 ± 0.90 in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. As gestational age increased; serum ferritin, total protein, and albumin levels decreased while serum" iron and TIBC increased. The differences in the mean results between the groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) while % T.S and globulin levels when compared showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Iron status showed no statistical difference with increasing parity (p>0.05). However, from this study iron deficiency anaemia was most prevalent in second trimester; hence iron status estimation should be an integral part of routine antenatal care test during second trimester of each pregnancy for proper assessment and management of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Study of outcome of the treatment with intravenous iron sucrose in moderately anaemic pregnant women

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3480
Author(s):  
Kohila Kalimuthu ◽  
Vanusha Avudaithangam
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Iron Sucrose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Moderate anaemia seen in about 15-20% of pregnant women. Iron sucrose complex which is used intravenously for the correction of Iron deficiency anaemia. The drug has been able to raise the haemoglobin to satisfactory level when used in moderately anaemic iron deficient pregnant women. The objective of this study was to study the improvement of Hb% after treatment with intravenous Iron sucrose complex in moderately anaemic pregnant women belonging to 24-32 weeks of gestational age.Methods: 50 antenatal patients between gestational age 24-32 weeks with hemoglobin between 8-9.5g/dl were selected and included in this study. They were subjected to blood hemoglobin estimation, hematocrit and peripheral smear study. In each infusion, the maximum total dose administered was 200 mg iron sucrose in 100 ml of normal saline, slow IV infused over 30 minutes. Monitoring was done throughout the infusion to observe for any side effects.Results: Mean hemoglobin among the 50 patients before starting the therapy was 8.172g/dl and the mean hemoglobin at the end of one month of completing the therapy was 11.066g/dl. The rise in mean hemoglobin i.e. the difference in the mean hemoglobin before and after treatment was 2.894g/dl. The p value is 0.0001 which is statistically significant. The mean hematocrit of the 50 patients studied before starting the treatment was 26.772% with a standard deviation of 1.914. The mean hematocrit after completing the therapy was 33.872% with a standard deviation of 1.321. The difference in the mean hematocrit was 7.100% with a p value of 0.0001 which is statistically significant.Conclusions: Intravenous iron sucrose complex is well tolerated and highly efficacious in improving hemoglobin, hematocrit in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in antenatal women.

Reticulocyte Parameters in Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemias Using Beckman Coulter DxH800 – A Study from Kerala, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 888-892
Author(s):  
Blessy Mary Thomas ◽  
Sheila Das ◽  
Sunil Antony ◽  
Alice David
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia

BACKGROUND Microcytic hypochromic anaemia is commonly due to iron deficiency, anaemia of chronic disorder [ACD] and thalassaemic syndromes. Reticulocyte count reflects the erythropoietic activity of bone marrow and is thus useful in both diagnosing anaemias and monitoring bone marrow response to therapy METHODS All samples were selected from routine blood counts, and sent for investigation of anaemia, over a period of two years. These samples were run on the DxH800 (Beckman Coulter). 385 cases were selected for the study. Blood analysis for all these cases had been requested by general practitioners to investigate anaemia. These blood samples had been collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant vacutainers and processed within 2 hours of collection. Determination of red cell and reticulocyte parameters in all blood samples, was performed using the Beckman Coulter 7-part analyser [Unicell DxH 800]. RESULTS Of the 156 cases of microcytic hypochromic anaemia studied, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was present in 91 cases, anaemia of chronic disorder (ACD) in 50 cases, beta thalassemia trait (BTT) in 15 cases. Of the 50 ACD cases, 37 were associated with IDA. The control group comprised of 229 adult medical students (143 women and 103 men) with a median age of 18.84 ± 0.98 years. We also had 4 cases of other haemoglobinopathies, which were microcytic hypochromic, but were not included in our study as the number of cases was too less to be analysed. CONCLUSIONS New reticulocyte parameters are useful for evaluation of iron status and diagnosing iron deficiency anaemias. They also are reliable parameters for recognising subsets of anaemic patients thereby improving the management of anaemia. KEYWORDS Reticulocyte, Microcytic, Hypochromic, Anaemia, Beckman Coulter

Psychiatric Morbidity in Sentenced Segregated HIV-Positive Prisoners

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Dorman ◽  
Art O'Connor ◽  
Eamonn Hardiman ◽  
Aideen Freyne ◽  
Helen O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In this comparative study with a control group of prisoners, psychiatric morbidity was measured in two groups of sentenced prisoners, each group completing the GHQ-30 and 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Group 1 consisted of 40 segregated HIV-positive prisoners and group 2 a matched control group in the main prison who had no history of HIV seropositivity. All members of group 1 had a history of intravenous drug abuse. The mean GHQ-30 and BDI scores were significantly higher in group 1, and 90% of group 1 were psychiatric ‘cases’ compared with just over 42% of group 2. Levels of psychiatric morbidity present in a third group, consisting of HIV-positive prisoners who had not been segregated (prison authorities were unaware of their seropositivity) are an interesting pointer for further research.

Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Safi Oz ◽  
Banu Doğan Gun ◽  
Mustafa Ozkan Gun ◽  
Sukru Oguz Ozdamar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. Study Design: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using image analysis. Results: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between the study group and control group 2. Conclusions:T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage in trichomoniasis.

scholarly journals Training Badminton Footwork Ten Repetitions Two Sets Better Than Five Repetitions Four Sets for The Improvement of Leg Muscle Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
I Putu Astrawan ◽  
I Putu Prisa Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: Footwork training is important in coaching basic movements in badminton. This research aims to learn about the influence of footwork training on improving leg muscles strength. Methods: The study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 42 male badminton players of Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia, who split into two groups of footwork training (ten repetitions two sets (group 1) and five repetitions with four sets (group 2)). The coach gave the footwork exercise three times per week for 6 weeks to each group and measured the leg muscle strength using the dynamometer test. Results: The result of the within-group paired T-test before and after the training shows group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). For group 1, the mean of leg muscle strength was 114.19±33.13 kg before the training and 183.19±33.56 kg after the training, with an increase of 60% (69 kg). On the other hand, for group 2, the mean score of leg muscle strength before the training was 113.05±31.30 kg and after the training was 141.10±34.91, with an increase of 25% (28 kg). The leg muscle strength difference between the groups before and after the training was tested using the independent T-test with a significant α=0.05. Comparing the differences of leg muscle strength for both the groups before the training was p= 0.90, and after the training was p=0.00. Conclusion: The conclusion is training badminton footwork ten repetition two sets better than five repetitions four sets to improve leg muscle strength.

scholarly journals Comparison of the results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in different age groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3888
Author(s):  
Ali Borekoglu ◽  
Ibrahim Atilla Aridogan ◽  
Mutlu Deger ◽  
Onur Karsli ◽  
Volkan Izol
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Background: Evaluation of feasibility, safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in different age groups.Methods: Between July 1997-October 2012, 233 patients who were 65 years old and older were included in this study. These patients were divided into two age subgroups used in gerontology research. Group 1 was defined as patients 65-74 years old, Group 2 was older than 74 years old. Data from patient records, including demographic characteristics, preoperative evaluation, operative details, and complications were retrospectively analyzed and compared with control group data.Results: The mean age of 233 patients was 69.7±4.6 years. The mean operative times for Group 1, group 2 and the control group were 76.2±47.3mins, 92.9±47.6mins, 77±44mins, respectively and there was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 and the control group (p>0.05). Twenty-eight of the 233 patients (12%) needed blood transfusion due to perioperative bleeding. The transfusion rates of groups 1 and 2 were 11.3% and 16.7%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups and control group for blood transfusion rates (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the study and control groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: In geriatric patients, stone-free rates, transfusion rates and other operation parameters are similar to younger populations when experienced surgeons perform PCNL. Despite comorbidities and decreased body reserve, PCNL can be performed without a significant increase in complications in different ages.

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