Training Reform: Back to Square One?

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hampson

A number of recent inquiries into Australia's national training system have found it to be on the sick side. This article seeks the causes of this in the recent evolution of training policy, which commenced in the late 1980s. The article traces the demise of the first moderately interventionist National Training Reform Agenda, which union reformers played a role in shaping, through the increasing marketisation of training policy. Under the Liberal National Coalition, budget constraints and the short term interests of employers have increasingly driven training policy. The drift of policy is against the grain of prescriptions drawn from the international literature, which shows the need for interventionist measures to correct ‘market failure’, and to ensure adequate expenditure and the integrity of qualifications.

Author(s):  
Andrew L. Smith ◽  
Erica Smith

Public policies on training are firmly rooted in the historical, political, economic and social context of their countries. This paper explores the acceptability of such policies to stakeholder groups including learners and employers, and its impact on policy take-up, viability and longevity. The paper uses a comparative analysis of developments in the English and Australian systems in three key areas, using elements of public policy theory, to explain the factors affecting stakeholder acceptance of training policies. The data was gathered through a series of interviews with stakeholders in England and Australia in 2005. The paper focuses on the role of employers and the importance of employer acceptance to the successful implementation of training policy. The paper finds that the successful implementation of training policies depends upon participation in the system by all the stakeholders. The successful implementation of qualifications and apprenticeship policies in Australia rests on a foundation of institutions that support neo-corporatist employer and union participation in policy-making as well as a public trust in past policies that seems to be lacking in England. The degree of employer involvement via neo-corporatist mechanisms such as concertation has a highly significant impact on the success of national training policies.


Subject Pakistan's divestment drive. Significance Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif's government describes divestment of public sector enterprises (PSEs), involving 69 firms, as an essential part of its 2013-18 economic reform agenda. Progress thus far is limited, but the government faces rising pressure from the IMF, which made divestment a core condition of its 6.6-billion-dollar, three-year loan in September 2013. Impacts Another government led by Sharif would continue gradual divestments after 2018. Since PSEs are an important vector for distributing political patronage, structural reforms will face stiff resistance. Divestment of profitable PSEs defeats the purpose of the exercise, but the government will use them for a short-term cash boost.


Bioethics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
N.N. Sedova ◽  

The active transition to digital civilization coincided with the pandemic of the new coronavirus. It can be assumed that it was the pandemic that accelerated this process. In any case, people immediately faced to new phenomena, which can affect both physical and social health. Many phenomena, including both digitalization and pandemic, have not been explained and properly assessed yet. Absence of proper explanation and assessment creates a fertile field for insurance, doubts and mistakes. Therefore at the present time the evaluative and explanatory role of bioethics is invaluable. But a paradoxical situation arises: the more bioethics help is needed, the less attention is paid to its development. The transfer of bioethics study for medical students into a distance format eliminates its communicative meanings and deprives future doctors of the opportunity to develop skills and competencies in medicine. Something must be done in order not to lose the achievements of the national training system in the field of bioethics. Certain suggestions are expressed in the article.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Meite Inza ◽  
Ruben Torres

Le présent article s’inscrit dans le cadre de notre travail de recherche de thèse de doctorat en gestion de projets portant sur le thème : « Structure du marché du travail en Côte d’Ivoire : une analyse descriptive à la lumière des projets et programmes d’emploi ». A travers cette thématique, vous voulons contribuer à l’amélioration de l’employabilité et de l’insertion des personnes en âges de travailler, notamment les jeunes diplômés. Il s’agit également de promouvoir de nouveaux paradigmes et outils en matière de conception et d’analyse de risques de projets, en plus de ceux déjà existants. En effet, les faibles taux de chômage observés au cours des enquêtes emploi de ces cinq dernières années ( enquêtes emploi 2012, 2014, 2016, 2017 et 2019) voilent une résurgence des emplois informels et précaires au détriment des emplois formels. La population au chômage est majoritairement composée de primo demandeurs d’emploi, notamment les diplômés de l’enseignement technique, professionnel ainsi que de l’enseignement supérieur. Ce qui pose d’ailleurs, la question de l’efficacité externe du système national de formation, ainsi que des projets et programmes d’insertion. Pour ce faire, nous avons jugé judicieux de passer en revue une série de treize ( 13) projets mis en œuvre ou en cours de réalisation, en nous servant des outils de la science indicamétrique. Cette discipline a la particularité de mettre en exergue les facteurs susceptibles d’engendrer la performance, l’efficacité et l’efficience d’un projet, en se basant sur les capacités intrinsèques des personnes physiques et morales impliquées dans sa gestion. Au plan méthodologique, nous avons recours à un des outils importants de la science en indicamétrie : la carte capacitaire. Elle comprend un ensemble d’indicateurs qui s’expriment en Valeur Intrinsèque Capacitaire Energétique (VICE) normée. Toute valeur en dessous de la norme est considérée insuffisante ou en déficit. Toute valeur au-dessus de la norme est dite, en excédent. Ainsi, à l’issue des différentes analyses, nous avons abouti aux principaux résultats suivants : (i) la prise en compte des caractéristiques de l’environnement interne et externe des projets accroit leur probabilité de succès, (ii) le choix de la dénomination de tout projet ou programme influence son mode de gestion et (iii) la prise en compte des caractéristiques et des capacités intrinsèques des promoteurs ou gestionnaires des projets dans leur mise en œuvre accroit significativement leur probabilité de succès.   This paper is part of the research work for a doctoral thesis in project management titled "Structure of the labor market in Côte d'Ivoire: a descriptive analysis in the light of projects and programs of use”. The objective of this theme is to improve the employability and integration of people of working age, especially young graduates. It also focuses on promoting new paradigms and tools for project design and risk analysis, in addition to existing ones. The low unemployment rates observed during employment surveys over the past five years veil a resurgence of informal and precarious jobs to the detriment of formal jobs. The unemployed population is mainly made up of first-time job seekers, particularly graduates of technical, vocational, and higher education. This raises the question of the external effectiveness of the national training system as well as the integration projects and programs. To answer this question, a series of thirteen (13) projects that were either implemented or in progress was reviewed through the tools of indicametric science. This discipline has the particularity of highlighting the factors that are likely to generate the performance, effectiveness, and efficiency of a project based on the intrinsic capacities of the natural and legal persons involved in its management. As for the methodology, there is recourse to one of the important indicametry tools: the capacity card. It includes a set of indicators which are expressed in standardized Intrinsic Energy Capacitance Value (VICE). Any value below the standard is considered insufficient or in deficit, while any value above the norm is said to be in excess. At the end of the various analysis, the following main results have been achieved: (i) taking into account the characteristics of the internal and external environment of projects increases their probability of success, (ii) the choice of name of any project or program influences its mode of management and (iii) taking into account the characteristics and intrinsic capacities of the promoters or managers of projects in their implementation significantly increases their probability of success.


Author(s):  
Ron Oliver

This paper describes The Flexible Learning Toolboxes Project , a component of the Australian Flexible Learning Framework for the National Vocational Education and Training System 2000-2004 (AFL Framework). The AFL Framework is designed to support the accelerated take-up of flexible learning modes and position Australian VET as a world leader in applying new technologies to vocational education products and services. A Toolbox is a set of learning resources designed for web based delivwww.ascilite.orgs customisation and reuse in the National Training Framework, which forms the basis of qualifications and accreditation in the Australian VET sector. The paper describes aspects of the Project and discusses the innovative design approaches that are being used to create quality online learning resources. Examples of several Toolboxes are provided to demonstrate the forms of online learning settings that have been developed for the Australian VET sector.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2020) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Igor Shishkov ◽  
◽  

ABSTRACT The article is devoted to the study of effectiveness of building training and competitive loads of women’s national team of the Republic of Belarus for the European Indoor Hockey Championship (Indoor Hockey). The study was conducted at a separate, three-month stage of the annual training cycle. The Purpose of the study: To find optimal ratio between training and competitive loads using block training system for highly qualified hockey players. To achieve the goal, the following Tasks were set: 1. To determine the structure of training of Belarus national hockey players in clubs and during the training camps of the national team before the European Championship; 2. To evaluate training and competitive process as two separate areas of training for highly qualified hockey players; 3. To identify necessary volume and evaluate effectiveness of the use of non-specific loads of anaerobic orientation in shock micro cycles during training process of hockey players and final result. Research hypothesis: it was assumed that control and test games, as well as non-specific loads of anaerobic orientation in shock micro cycles, may have a positive effect on the efficiency of using block system for preparing highly qualified hockey players for a short-term tournament. An analysis of the training structure of the women’s national team of the Republic of Belarus is presented from the perspective of the modern block system of periodization. Thus, it can be stated that the polycyclic principle of building the training process in Indoor hockey game sport is approved today. The obtained data on the structure of training of hockey players can be used as model characteristics.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Li ◽  
Songyi Liu ◽  
Wenqi Meng ◽  
Xiaoli Jiang ◽  
Haibo Peng ◽  
...  

Abstract Object: By combing the policy content of the standardized resident training system in China, this paper analyzes the residents’ cognition and satisfaction evaluation of standardized training policy, and discusses the implementation obstacles and feasible strategies of the Chinese standardized resident training. Method Using policy text analysis to sort out the policy content of the Chinese standardized resident training system; A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1048 residents in 5 standardized training bases for residents in Shandong Province, China, and a qualitative interview was conducted with 42 residents by personal in-depth interview. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression model were used to statistically analyze the residents’ cognition of the training policy, the way of participating in the training, the harvest during the training, existing problems, satisfaction evaluation, and to explore the implementation obstacle factors and optimization strategies of the standardized resident training policy in China. Result Through quantitative investigation and qualitative interview, it is found that the standardized resident training has improved the students’ clinical theoretical knowledge level, practical ability, and doctor-patient communication ability. However, there are still some problems in the standardized resident training in China, such as unreasonable time arrangement, low salary and living security level of residents, weak awareness of teaching, inadequate implementation of training content and assessment, etc. Conclusion The implementation of the standardized resident training system in China has played an important role in cultivating homogeneous and qualified doctors and improving the ability and level of doctors. However, the survey found that the training arrangement is unreasonable, the salary and living security level is not high, and put forward that the training time should be arranged reasonably, the salary and treatment level should be improved, and the awareness of teachers’ responsibility should be improved Strengthen the implementation of training content and assessment. This paper can provide a reference for graduate medical education and the training of human resources in healthcare in other countries and regions.


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