The Influence of Parents and Schools on Adolescents’ Perceived Diet and Exercise Self-Efficacy: A School-Based Sample From the United Arab Emirates

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wegdan Bani-Issa ◽  
Cindy-Lee Dennis ◽  
Hilary K. Brown ◽  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Fidaa M. Almomani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: In the United Arab Emirates, an alarming rate of 19% obesity among adolescents, associated with poor lifestyle, is apparent. Diet and exercise self-efficacy could influence adolescents’ engagement in healthy behaviors. This study evaluates adolescents’ perceptions of diet and exercise self-efficacy and explores the impact of parents and schools on self-efficacy. Method: A cluster sampling approach in cross-sectional design was used to recruit 610 school adolescents (Grades 7-12) over a 6-month period. Information on sociodemographics, lifestyle, parents, and schools was explored. Self-efficacy was assessed using The Eating Habits and Exercise Confidence Survey. Results: Participants reported moderate diet and exercise self-efficacy. Diet self-efficacy was predicted by parental support, eating breakfast and meals regularly at home, and prohibiting soft drinks. School support and frequency of weekly exercise classes predicted exercise self-efficacy; p values ≤.05. Discussion: Cultural knowledge and collaboration are essential to promote self-efficacy in multiethnic adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.

scholarly journals The impact of lockdown policy on depressive symptoms among pregnant women in China: mediating effects of internet use and family support

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjie Zhou ◽  
Ruoxi Wang ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Ting Ding ◽  
Lijuan Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Western China ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although more and more attention has been paid to the psychological consequences of the lockdown policy amongst pregnant women, the underlying mechanism linking the lockdown policy to maternal depression has not been studied in the context of China. This study aimed to explore the association between the lockdown policy and maternal depressive symptoms, and whether such association was mediated by internet use and/or family support. Methods This cross-sectional study used multi-stage sampling techniques in central and western China. Data were collected from 1266 pregnant women using a structtured questionnaire that measured internet use, family support, and depressive symptoms. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Internet use was measured by length of usage and varierity of purpose for internet use. Family support was measureed by spousal support and parental support. The structural equation modelling was employed to conduct mediation analysis to test the specificity of the hypothetical paths. Results Overall, 527 respondents (41.63%) presented depressive symptoms. The lockdown policy was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in pregnant women (β = − 0.925, 95% CI = −1.510, − 0.360). The impact of the lockdown policy on depressive symptoms was partially mediated by internet use (β = 1.589, 95% CI = 0.730, 2.807) and family support (β = − 0.162, 95% CI = − 0.341, − 0.017), accounting for 42.67% of the total effect. Conclusions The lockdown policy was generally associated with fewer depressive symptoms in pregnant women. The lockdown policy increased maternal depressive symptoms through increased internet use, but decreased maternal depressive symptoms through enhanced family support. The findings suggest that the psychological consequence of the lockdown policy may vary across different populations, and warrant the need to take into consideration the features of subgroups.

scholarly journals Nurses’ eating habits in Lebanon during the economic and health crises: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Georges Nohra ◽  
Elissa Naim ◽  
Taghrid Chaaban ◽  
Monique Rothan-Tondeur
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Nurses face multiple stressors that can influence their lifestyle, thus affecting their health status. Scarce are the scientific data on the nutritional status of nurses, especially during health crises. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating habits of hospital nurses in the context of an exceptional economic situation in Lebanon. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a web-based questionnaire, targeting a non-random sampling of frontline nurses using the snowball technique. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out. The population of the study included all registered nurses working in the Lebanese hospitals. A total of 533 nurses completed the questionnaire; 500 surveys were selected after excluding the ones presenting conditions that may affect their eating behavior. Results The majority of the respondents were women (78.6%) with a mean age of 33 years [18-60] [SD,7.44 years]. Most of them (57.6%) had a crowding index ≥1. The consumption of different food groups decreased during these crises. There was a significant correlation between stress and deterioration of healthy food consumption, which provides beneficial nutrients and minimizes potentially harmful elements, especially for meat (OR 2.388, CI 1.463 to 3.898, P < 0.001). The decrease in monthly income showed a real impact on the consumption of healthy food such as meat (OR 2.181, CI 1.504 to 3.161, P < 001), fruits (OR 1.930, CI 1.289 to 2.888, P = 0.001), and milk and dairy products (OR 1.544, CI 1.039 to 2.295, P = 0.031). Conclusions The pandemic and in particular the economic crisis has changed the consumption of healthy food among hospital nurses in Lebanon. Similar research and support may be extended to include other frontline health care workers.

The Relationship Between eHealth Literacy, Social Media Self-Efficacy and Health Communication Intention Among Chinese Nursing Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Sun ◽  
Lin Qian ◽  
Mengxin Xue ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Jiling Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND With the popularization of the Internet, it has become possible to widely disseminate health information via social media. Medical staff’s health communication through social media can improve the public’s health literacy, and improving the intention of health communication among nursing undergraduates is of great significance for them to actively carry out health communication after entering clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship among eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention and to determine the mediating role of social media self-efficacy in the relationship between eHealth literacy and health communication intention. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive correlation design was used in this study.Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 958 nursing students from four nursing colleges in Jiangsu Province, China, from June to July 2021.Data were collected using the eHealth Literacy Scale, the Social Media Self-efficacy Scale, and the Health Communication Intention Questionnaire. Sociodemographic data were also collected. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention. RESULTS Health communication intention is positively correlated with eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy. eHealth literacy directly affects the intention of health communication significantly (p < 0.001), and social media self-efficacy played a mediating role in the influence of eHealth literacy on health communication intention (the mediating effect accounted for 37.2% of the total effect). CONCLUSIONS Improving the eHealth literacy of nursing undergraduates can directly affect or promote health communication intention and can also indirectly improve health communication intention through improving social media self-efficacy. In view of these results, targeted educational programs must be developed to improve eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy among nursing undergraduates, thereby promoting their health information transmission.

Building resilience in retail supply chains: Lessons learned from COVID-19 and future pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atif Saleem Butt
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study explores the countermeasures taken by retailers to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on supply chain disruptions.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a multiple case study approach and undertakes 36 semi-structured interviews with senior management of the four largest retailers of the United Arab Emirates. The respondents were designated at different positions such as Vice President, Director and Project Manager.FindingsResults reveal that retailers are employing six countermeasures to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on supply chains. Particularly, retailers are securing required demand, preserving cash flows, redirecting inventory, adding capacity to their distribution centres, becoming more flexible with their direct or third-party logistics provider and finally widening delivery options for their suppliers to mitigate the impact of COVID-19.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations. First, the results of this study cannot be generalized to a broader population as it attempts to build an initial theory. Second, this study uses a cross-sectional approach to explore the countermeasures employed by retailing firms to mitigate the effects of COVID-19.Originality/valueA notable weakness in a supply chain disruption literature is an unfulfilled need for research examining the strategies employed by retailers to respond to/address the challenges posed by COVID-19. Our study fills this gap.

Effect of Unobserved Contextual Factors on the Prevalence of New Psychoactive Substance Use in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
New Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cluster Environment ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To explore the associations of characteristics of the cluster environment with new psychoactive substances (NPS) use in Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 30,411 Thai people, stratified in multi-stage cluster sampling. Trained interviewers conducted a semi-structured interview in 2016. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was employed to estimate the effects of the cluster environment on the NPS use. Results: NPS was widely used. The past month prevalence was 13.6%, and habitual use was 4.4%. Clustering significantly affects the spread of NPS use. Controlling for cluster effects, a likelihood of current NPS use was associated with elementary education, occupation, and reported health problems. While a higher likelihood of habitual NPS use was associated with elementary education, employed, and perceived mental health problem. Conclusion: NPS use was influenced by characteristics of the cluster environment. Therefore, demand reduction strategies should be designed based on a consideration of the impact of cluster context on NPS use behaviors. Keywords: Cluster effect, New psychoactive substance, NPS, Thailand

scholarly journals Assessment of Sodium Knowledge and Urinary Sodium Excretion among Regions of the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2747
Author(s):  
Amjad H. Jarrar ◽  
Lily Stojanovska ◽  
Vasso Apostolopoulos ◽  
Leila Cheikh Ismail ◽  
Jack Feehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
The Impact

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, are increasing worldwide and cause 65% to 78% of deaths in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). A random sample of 477 healthy adults were recruited in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the period March–June 2015. Demographic, lifestyle, medical, anthropometric and sodium excretion data were collected. A questionnaire was used to measure knowledge, attitude and practice regarding salt. Mean sodium and potassium excretion were 2713.4 ± 713 mg/day and 1803 ± 618 mg/day, respectively, significantly higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for sodium (2300 mg/day) and lower for potassium (3150 mg/day). Two-thirds (67.4%) exceeded sodium guidelines, with males 2.6 times more likely to consume excessively. The majority of the participants add salt during cooking (82.5%) and whilst eating (66%), and 75% identified processed food as high source of salt. Most (69.1%) were aware that excessive salt could cause disease. Most of the UAE population consumes excess sodium and insufficient potassium, likely increasing the risk of NCDs. Despite most participants being aware that high salt intake is associated with adverse health outcomes, this did not translate into salt reduction action. Low-sodium, high-potassium dietary interventions such as the Mediterranean diet are vital in reducing the impact of NCDs in the UAE.

scholarly journals Facilitators and Barriers to Access to Pediatric Medical Services in a Community Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272090451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyun Shi ◽  
Fiorella Castillo ◽  
Kusum Viswanathan ◽  
Fernanda Kupferman ◽  
Joy C. MacDermid
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Missed Appointments ◽  
Social Inequity ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Missed Visits ◽  
The Impact

Background: Missed medical appointments decrease continuity of medical care, waste resources, and may affect health outcomes. We examined the factors associated with missed children’s supervision visits in Eastern Brooklyn, NY, USA. Methods: We surveyed guardians whose children received routine medical care at four pediatric clinics. Participants filled out a questionnaire that queried: demographics, food security, recent relocation, parental support of healthy behaviors, and length of knowing provider. Preexisting disease(s) and missed visits were retrieved from medical records. Regression analyses were used to determine factors that were associated with missing medical appointments. Results: Among 213 families, 33% faced food insecurity and 16.4% reported moving within the past 12 months. Forty percent of children missed at least 1 visit. Food insecurity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI 1.0% to 5.2%) and recent relocation (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.4 were associated with missed health supervision visits, whereas greater parental healthy behaviors (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9) and longer length of knowing provider (aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-1.0) were associated with fewer missed appointments. Conclusion: This study indicates that social inequity may contribute to poor adherence to medical appointments through multiple mechanisms, including food insecurity, lack of social stability, and parental health behaviors. Multidimensional proactive prevention, and reactive tolerance should be considered as opportunities to mitigate the impact of social inequity on health outcomes.

A Comparative Study of Breakfast Habits of Romanian and Spanish Adolescents Enrolled in Southern Spain Schools

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
Encarnación Soriano-Ayala ◽  
Verónica C. Cala
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
And Gender

AbstractIntroduction: Globalization has favored intra-European Commission (EC) and extra-EC migration to Spain. One of the most numerous cultural groups that have settled in the southern Spain is from Romania. Coexistence, especially in schools, has made us become interested in knowing the eating habits at breakfast of Romanian and Spanish populations. Numerous studies show that the food intake at breakfast, mostly made before leaving home, has an incidence on the physic wellbeing of adolescent throughout the day. The processes of acculturation are also inseparable from the eating habits, health and life, that maintain the migrant teenagers. Breakfast is analyzed as one of the habits more associated with diet quality; paradoxically, one of the findings of our study, many adolescents do not take a proper breakfast every day.Objectives: The study analyzes the characteristics and the main cultural and gender differences in the implementation of breakfast: its maintenance or omission in young autochthonous and immigrants of Romanian origin in the southeast Spanish schools. Design. This is a cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling in two Primary schools and seven Secondary schools. The instrument applied was an adaptation of the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire. Sample. It has been formed by 1472 students between 11 and 18 years old; nationality: 1315 were Spanish and 157 were Romanians. Data analysis. Descriptive and differential analyses using the chi-square and U of Mann-Whitney statistics.Results: In the study we identified 1.2% of Spaniards and 3.3% of Romanians who either skip breakfast or do not eat foods throughout the morning. The main breakfast foods of the Spanish students are dairy, bread and cereals, cookies, juice and olive oil; for the Romanian students the basic foods at breakfast are cereals, dairy products, juices, biscuits and jams. We have found significant differences between the two compared cultural groups. We also found significant differences between the food eaten by men of the two cultural groups (Spanish and Romanian) and by the food eaten by women (Spanish and Romanian) in the breakfast food.Conclusions: The results show the need to further promote and implement educational programs that encourage students to make breakfast before leaving home. Also, it is necessary, they take care of the intake of the right foods to start the day and contemplate this habit from a transcultural and gender approach. Significant differences were identified in the breakfast practice food by both genders and cultural groups.

scholarly journals Living Environment Considerations on Obesity Prevention Behaviors and Self-Efficacy among Chinese Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9322
Author(s):  
Doreen Liou ◽  
Jessica A. Karasik
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to ascertain if the living environment (type of residential neighborhood and number of household members) will elucidate differences in obesity risk reduction behaviors and self-efficacy in Chinese Americans. A cross-sectional survey design was used to recruit participants from Los Angeles County and New York City metropolitan areas. A total of 650 adults were recruited from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Descriptive statistics were measured for 19 behaviors reflecting food intake and portion size control and items measuring self-efficacy and attitudes. T-tests were applied for the two categories of living environment. The mean age of the sample was 36.3 years. The ‘high income’ neighborhood group indicated a greater frequency of behaviors, including choosing steamed over fried foods (p < 0.01) and using small amounts of oil (p < 0.05). In general, this group exhibited more favorable attitudes and stronger self-efficacy to perform health behaviors. Multiple regression analyses point to the impact of self-efficacy in predicting behaviors. Nutrition professionals must assess client’s living environments in the adoption of obesity prevention behaviors and the fostering of behavioral confidence.

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