Investigation of the durability and stability of piezoelectric textile fibres

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitroula Matsouka ◽  
Savvas Vassiliadis ◽  
Derman Vatansever Bayramol ◽  
Navneet Soin ◽  
Elias Siores
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Polyvinylidene Difluoride ◽  
Polyamide 11 ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
Fabric Structures

Polymers such as polyvinylidene difluoride, polypropylene and polyamide-11 show great promise for providing light-weight, flexible and fibrous piezoelectric materials that can be integrated into technical textile fabric structures for energy harvesting applications. Durability is an important parameter for the textiles and especially for functional and smart materials. This research work provides an insight on the piezoelectric behaviour of polypropylene, polyamide-11 and polyvinylidene difluoride in terms of peak-to-peak voltage generation capabilities after washing at 40°C with the addition of detergent as described in test method BS EN ISO 105-C06:2010. It was observed that the peak-to-peak voltage generated by polypropylene monofilaments retained similar values with only slight differences, while the monofilaments of polyvinylidene difluoride and polyamide-11 showed higher peak-to-peak voltage generation after washing. These changes have been explained using the changes in the crystallinity and phase, as determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Sensing Techniques in Structural Health Monitoring: A State-of-the-Art Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Jiao ◽  
King-James I. Egbe ◽  
Yiwei Xie ◽  
Ali Matin Nazar ◽  
Amir H. Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Electromechanical Impedance ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Health Monitoring Systems

Recently, there has been a growing interest in deploying smart materials as sensing components of structural health monitoring systems. In this arena, piezoelectric materials offer great promise for researchers to rapidly expand their many potential applications. The main goal of this study is to review the state-of-the-art piezoelectric-based sensing techniques that are currently used in the structural health monitoring area. These techniques range from piezoelectric electromechanical impedance and ultrasonic Lamb wave methods to a class of cutting-edge self-powered sensing systems. We present the principle of the piezoelectric effect and the underlying mechanisms used by the piezoelectric sensing methods to detect the structural response. Furthermore, the pros and cons of the current methodologies are discussed. In the end, we envision a role of the piezoelectric-based techniques in developing the next-generation self-monitoring and self-powering health monitoring systems.

Parametric Evaluation of Beam Deflection on Piezoelectric Material Using Implicit and Explicit Method Simulations

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Rakesh Nath
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Explicit Method ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
Explicit Dynamic ◽  
Energy Harnessing

Energy harnessing methods from rainwater using various smart materials have come into research, thus widening the scope of using these materials for the implementation in modern use. The piezoelectric materials present a brief idea of voltage generation whenever the material is deflected. The purpose of the study is to visualize an interconnection in parametric analysis of piezoelectric effect based energy harvester using two different commercially available piezoelectric materials, PZT-4A and PZT-5H, through series of implicit and explicit method simulations of FEM on COMSOL and ANSYS. The dynamic loads of different rainwater droplets sizes are investigated analytically. To calculate the variation of different methods in terms of deflection and voltage output, the implicit and multi-body explicit dynamic simulations are implemented separately.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications: Roadmap for Future Smart Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100864
Author(s):  
Susmriti Das Mahapatra ◽  
Preetam Chandan Mohapatra ◽  
Adrianus Indrat Aria ◽  
Graham Christie ◽  
Yogendra Kumar Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Sensing Applications

A Multi-Purpose Method for SMA Actuator Development

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Langbein ◽  
Alexander Czechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Sma Actuators ◽  
Shape Memory Actuators ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Sma Actuator ◽  
Actual Shape

Shape memory alloys (SMA) are thermally activated smart materials. Due to their ability to change into a previously imprinted actual shape through the means of thermal activation, they are suitable as actuators for mechatronical systems. Despite of the advantages shape memory alloy actuators provide, these elements are only seldom integrated by engineers into mechatronical systems. Reasons are the complex characteristics, especially at different boundary conditions and the missing simulation- and design tools. Also the lack of knowledge and empirical data are a reason why development projects with shape memory actuators often lead to failures. Therefore, a need of developing methods, standardized testing of empirical properties and computer aided simulation tools is motivated. While computer-aided approaches have been discussed in further papers, as well as standardization potentials of SMA actuators, this paper focuses on a developing method for SMA actuators. The main part of the publication presents the logical steps which have to be passed, in order to develop an SMA actuator, considering several options like mechanical, thermal, and electrical options. As a result of the research work, the paper proves this method by one example in the field of SMA-valve technology.

Smart materials: Properties, design and mechatronic applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Spaggiari ◽  
D Castagnetti ◽  
N Golinelli ◽  
E Dragoni ◽  
G Scirè Mammano
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluids ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Active Devices ◽  
Complete Survey ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Commercial Applications

This paper describes the properties and the engineering applications of the smart materials, especially in the mechatronics field. Even though there are several smart materials which all are very interesting from the research perspective, we decide to focus the work on just three of them. The adopted criterion privileges the most promising technologies in terms of commercial applications available on the market, namely: magnetorheological fluids, shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials. Many semi-active devices such as dampers or brakes or clutches, based on magnetorheological fluids are commercially available; in addition, we can trace several applications of piezo actuators and shape memory-based devices, especially in the field of micro actuations. The work describes the physics behind these three materials and it gives some basic equations to dimension a system based on one of these technologies. The work helps the designer in a first feasibility study for the applications of one of these smart materials inside an industrial context. Moreover, the paper shows a complete survey of the applications of magnetorheological fluids, piezoelectric devices and shape memory alloys that have hit the market, considering industrial, biomedical, civil and automotive field.

scholarly journals MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR CRYPTOSYSTEM SUGGEST IN EDUCARE OVER CLOUDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Ravish G K ◽  
Thippeswamy K
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Time Requirements

In the current situation of the pandemic, global organizations are turning to online functionality to ensure survival and sustainability. The future, even though uncertain, holds great promise for the education system being online. Cloud services for education are the center of this research work as they require security and privacy. The sensitive information about the users and the institutions need to be protected from all interested third parties. since the data delivery on any of the online systems is always time sensitive, the have to be fast. In previous works some of the algorithms were explored and statistical inference based decision was presented. In this work a machine learning system is designed to make that decision based on data type and time requirements.

Reflection and Refraction of Waves in Nano-Smart Materials: Anisotropic Thermo-Piezoelectric Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abo-El-Nour N. Abd-Alla ◽  
Abdullah Y. Al-Hossain ◽  
Hanan Elhaes ◽  
Medhat Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Reflection And Refraction

Flame Retardant Intumescent Polyamide 11-Carbon Nanofiber Nanocomposites: Thermal and Flammability Properties

2007 ◽  
Vol 1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Chon Lao ◽  
Joseph H Koo ◽  
Alexander Morgan ◽  
Hung-Kai Jor ◽  
Khiet Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fire Retardancy ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Polyamide 11

ABSTRACTCurrent polyamide 11 and 12 are lacking in fire retardancy and high strength/high heat resistance characteristics for fabricated parts that are required for performance driven applications. The introduction of selected nanoparticles such as carbon nanofibers (CNFs), combined with a conventional intumescent flame retardant (FR) additive into the polyamide 11/polyamide 12 (PA11/PA12) by melt processing conditions has resulted in a family of intumescent polyamide nanocomposites. These intumescent PA11 and PA12 nanocomposites exhibit enhanced polymer performance characteristics, i.e., fire retardancy, high strength, and high heat resistance and are expected to expand the market opportunities for resin manufacturers. The overall objective of this research is to develop improved PA11 and PA12 polymers with enhanced flame retardancy, thermal, and mechanical properties for selective laser sintering (SLS) rapid manufacturing. Arkema RILSAN® PA11 polymer was examined with CNFs and Clairant Exolit® OP 1230 intumescent FR additive. They were used to create a family of FR intumescent PA11-CNF nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine the degree of CNFs and intumescent FR additive dispersion in PA11. Injection molded specimens were fabricated for material properties measurements. Thermal stability of these polymer nanocomposites (PNs) was examined by TGA. Flammability and thermal properties of these PNs were obtained using the cone calorimeter, UL 94 test method, and heat deflection temperature.

Experimental Study of Machining of Smart Materials Using Submerged Abrasive Waterjet Micromachining Process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagil James ◽  
Anurag Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Wide Range

Smart materials are new generation materials which possess great properties to mend themselves with a change in environment. Smart materials find applications in a wide range of industries including biomedical, aerospace, defense and energy sector and so on. These materials possess unique properties including high hardness, high strength, high melting point and low creep behavior. Manufacturing of these materials is a huge challenge, particularly at the micron scale. Abrasive waterjet micromachining (AWJMM) is a non-traditional material removal process which has the capability of machining extremely hard and brittle materials such as glasses and ceramics. AWJMM process is usually performed with nozzle and workpiece placed in air. However, machining in the air causes spreading of the waterjet resulting in low machining quality. Performing the AWJMM process with a submerged nozzle and workpiece could eliminate this problem and also reduce noise, splash, and airborne debris particles during the machining process. This research investigates Submerged Abrasive Waterjet Machining (SAWJMM) process for micromachining smart ceramic materials. The research involves experimental study on micromachining of smart materials using an in-house fabricated SAWJMM setup. The effect of critical parameters including stand-off distance, abrasive grain size and material properties on the cavity size, kerf angle and MRR during SAWJMM and AWJMM processes are studied. The study found that SAWJMM process is capable of successfully machining smart materials including shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials at the micron scale. The machined surfaced are free of thermal stresses and did not show any cracking around the edges. The critical process parameter study revealed that stand-off distance and abrasive grit size significantly affect the machining results.

Application Perspective of Environmentally Responsive Materials in the Downhole Operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 799-805
Author(s):  
Gu Fan Zhao ◽  
Wei Na Di
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Responsive Materials ◽  
Environmentally Responsive

Smart materials, especially environmentally responsive materials are the basis of many applications, and have attracted much more attentions. In recent years, application research of smart materials in the oil and gas industry has begun. Through principle/performance analysis, application environment comparison, and demand analysis, the application potential and application advantages of self-healing concrete, vibration energy-generating rubber and 4D intelligent structural materials in the downhole operations were evaluated. The application status of smart materials in petroleum engineering is introduced. At the same time, combined with the actual domestic engineering requirements, the long-term effect of improving underground plugging, the shale inhibition of drilling fluid, the downhole control and the efficiency of drilling operations are all proposed. For the application prospects, it is recommended to keep track of the research progress of environmentally responsive materials and carry out pre-research work on the application of advanced smart materials in the field of downhole operations.

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